International Journal of Procurement Management (105 papers in press)

Regular Issues

• Multi-item sustainable manufacturing model for cleaner production system under imprecise demand and random defective rate  
  by Saif Sami 
  Abstract: The present study revisits the multi-item economic production quantity model by considering that production process is not perfect with the planned backorder. The present study aims to make the production system as a cleaner production system by considering a reworking process for random defective items which is uniformly distributed. In addition to this, to make the production system cleaner, an investment is made to control the production process. Based on the reworking time, two different inventory models are proposed under the effect of uncertainty in demand. Impreciseness in demand is handled by applying fuzzy set theory. Centroid method is applied to defuzzified the objective function. The global optimal solution is derived by using a nonlinear optimisation technique. Numerical analysis with sensitive analysis is provided to illustrate the proposed model. From analysis it is observed that due to increase in investment, 98% reduction in waste management cost and 11% reduction in total cost is observed. Thus, investment in system improvement is helpful to achieve the task of clean production. The study also highlighted the advantage of outsourcing for a cleaner environment. In the end, sensitivity analyses are also carried out, and based on managerial insights are provided.
  Keywords: cleaner production; rework; random defective rate; multi-item; screening process.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2021.10046304
   
  
• Public Procurement Reforms in The United Arab Emirates  
  by Karem Aboelazm 
  Abstract: This study deals with several concepts: centralised public procurement, decentralised public procurement, e-public procurement, and sustainable public procurement. It also explains the advantages and disadvantages of centralised and decentralised public procurement, the benefits of e-procurement in the UAE at the central and decentralised level, and its advantages in combating corruption. The study also illustrates the sustainable public procurement framework in the UAE with its three environmental, social, and economic dimensions. The study relied on descriptive and analytical approaches. It reached several results, the most important of which is that the centralised system at the federal level contributes to reducing public spending. The decentralised system contributes to the speed of meeting the needs of local administrations. It also achieved several positive results from applying the centralised and decentralised e-procurement system, which reduces corruption, and public spending on public procurement simplifies procedures and saves time and effort. The study also found that sustainability in public procurement achieves several social, economic, and environmental benefits.
  Keywords: public procurement; sustainable public procurement; e-public procurement; centralisation; decentralisation; UAE.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2023.10060187
   
  
• The Role of Ethics in Public Sector Procurement Theoretical Study for Enlightenment Underpinnings of Ethics  
  by Karem Aboelazm 
  Abstract: This paper sought to present a concept of ethical behaviours in the field of public service in general and in public procurement in particular, as the issue of ethics is considered one that does not end up being addressed by literature or law. The study also attempted to identify ethical values in public procurement by reviewing the public office's most critical moral values. The descriptive approach was used to review the various definitions of ethics and values of public service. The analytical approach was also used to determine the causes and motives for the moral collapse in public procurement and the causes of deviation in this field. Some mechanisms have been found that can be used to overcome this problem, which is considered a significant challenge to public procurement systems in many countries.
  Keywords: ethics; morals; public office; public procurement.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2024.10062967
   
  
• Enhancing the professionalisation in public sector procurement workforce for good governance: a comparative study  
  by Karem Aboelazm 
  Abstract: This study discussed several concepts represented in the study's conceptual framework, which was based on the ideas of profession, professionalism, and professionalisation. It also addressed the importance of professionalising public procurement jobs and its impact on the performance of public procurement. The study also analysed the most prominent international practices in raising public procurement workers' efficiency and capabilities to bring them to the point of complete professionalism in public purchasing. The study dealt with the experiences of several distinguished countries, such as the American Federal Reserve and New Zealand, and their achievement of advanced successes, in addition to the practical qualification of workers in public procurement and their interest in reaching this profession to professionalism, specialised academic degrees in public procurement were created, and the study relied on two basic approaches in the methods for researching this topic are the descriptive analytical method and the comparative method.
  Keywords: professionalisation; professionalism; capacity; performance; public procurement.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2024.10063452
   
  
• Payment Methods and Sustainable Inventory Management in Online Business: A Comparative Analysis  
  by Manoj Kumar Sharma, Shubham Bhushan, Pragati Bhardwaj 
  Abstract: In the dynamic world of online business, the choice of payment methods plays a crucial role in shaping how inventory is managed. Firstly, cash on delivery are examined for their immediate liquidity benefits, which help in quickly turning over inventory and managing cash flow efficiently. Secondly, advance payments are analysed for their ability to offer upfront capital, thus reducing the need for extensive inventory financing. Finally, credit payments (buy-now-pay-later and EMI options) are assessed for their potential to boost sales volume and consumer purchasing power. In this study employs a demand-sensitive pricing approach and explores investments in preservation technology. The decision-making process incorporates considerations of carbon emission policies and investment of preservation technology. The primary focus is on a comparative analysis of payment schemes in the context of online inventory management. Theoretical insights are validated through numerical examples and sensitivity analyses to derive practical managerial implications.
  Keywords: e-commerce business; price sensitive demand; preservation technology; payment schemes; deterioration; carbon emission.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2024.10065983
   
  
• Revealing the Power of Collaboration in Research and Innovation  
  by Farah Atiqah Sharif, Aslan Amat Senin 
  Abstract: Community, academics, business leaders, and the government must work together to spend, come up with new ideas, set standards, and work towards a wide range of goals in reaction to the Fourth Industrial Revolution (4 IR) and demand. Collaboration in study and creation has been talked about for a long time in academia. Still, it is hard to implement this idea, especially in developing and poor countries. This article intends to discuss the guidelines to initiate research and innovation collaboration to explore the channels of research and innovation collaboration and its importance towards collaboration partners. This article employs a systematic literature review approach, utilising thematic analysis to uncover patterns and themes within the data gathered from prior literature reviews and books. This study provides explicit guidelines and phases for research and innovation collaboration while also identifying formal and informal collaboration channels and characteristics affecting channel selection.
  Keywords: research; innovation; phases; channels; collaboration.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2024.10066132
   
  
• The Relevance of Green Purchasing and Ecodesign for the Consolidation of Green Manufacturing in Footwear Production  
  by Dusan Schreiber, Marco Antônio Mabília Martins, Serje Schmidt 
  Abstract: The objective of this research was to analyse whether green design and ecological purchasing contribute to sustainability in footwear manufacturing. This study is considered relevant due to the limited scientific literature on this specific topic, namely, green manufacturing in the footwear sector. The theoretical frameworks guiding the research included green manufacturing, sustainable/ecological purchasing, and ecodesign. A multiple case study strategy was employed, focusing on four large footwear industries located in the southern region of Brazil. The research adopted a qualitative approach, collecting empirical data through in-depth interviews with professionals possessing notable expertise in each of the industries, supplemented by documentary surveys and non-participant systematic observations. The empirical data were subjected to content analysis. The results indicated that the adoption of ecodesign/green design, in conjunction with the implementation of sustainable/ecological purchasing practices, can contribute to the realisation of green manufacturing processes in the footwear industry.
  Keywords: fashion; footwear industry; green manufacturing; green purchasing; ecodesign.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2024.10066327
   
  
• Impact of Inventory Leanness on Financial Performance of Firms with Mediating Effect of Risk-Taking  
  by Farah Naz, Amna Bashir, Veera Salman, Anam Tariq 
  Abstract: This study investigates the impact of inventory leanness on the firms’ financial performance along with the mediating role of the risk-taking decision of those firms. This study analysed 244 Pakistani firms from 2010-2020 using Panel Regression Analysis. The statistical findings show that having optimized levels of inventory boosts the financial performance of firms. Moreover, the risk-taking decision of firms partially mediates this impact. Previous contradictory findings and fewer studies examining Pakistani firms in this regard mandate this study to be carried out. The study is limited by a few factors such as a specific country under study leading to a lack of generalisability. Additionally, the impact of inventory leanness on financial performance can be hindered due to uncontrollable or systematic risk factors, making room for future research.
  Keywords: inventory leanness; financial performance; financial leverage; capital intensity; size of firm; return on assets; return on investment; empirical leanness indicator; inventory turnover.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2024.10066392
   
  
• Soft Skills' Critical Influence on Managerial Creativity: An Empirical Study in Jordanian Banking  
  by Adnan Alwedyan, Majed Alzoubi, Mohammad Almarshad, Ziad Jamal Haddad, Abdelkhalik Alhammouri, Omar Hayajneh, Nasser Battah 
  Abstract: Modern business is increasingly recognising the importance of soft skills in improving managerial effectiveness and organisational performance. This study examines how soft skills boost managerial creativity in Jordanian banking. The research uses descriptive-analytical methods to analyse 276 bank employees' structured questionnaire responses. We want to quantify the relationship between managers' soft skills and their creativity. Communication skills rank highest among managers at 82%, followed by self-discipline, teamwork, learning, and leadership. Leadership skills like flexibility, creativity, fluency, and questions scored over 70%. The study quantifies that leadership, initiative, self-assertion, tenacity, and communication boost managerial creativity. It also shows that managerial creativity boosts soft skills. The findings suggest that innovative banking leadership and cutting-edge management require soft skills. This study adds to knowledge by emphasising soft skills and managerial creativity in Jordan's banking sector. Management soft skills are also stressed to promote innovation and competitiveness.
  Keywords: soft skills; Jordanian banking sector; managerial creativity; communication; marketing capabilities.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2024.10066686
   
  
• Focusing Supply Chain and Container Terminal Challenges from the Lens Of Indian Industries' Perspectives with Proposed Data Science Interlinked Artificial Intelligence Model  
  by Mohanbabu S, Vettriselvan R 
  Abstract: In any industry, logistics and supply chain management will play a major role in defining the strategy and competitive price. This paper aims to review existing literature on supply chain challenges and artificial intelligence involvement in logistics to overcome such challenges. The current study was carried out across various regions of India. Primary data was collected from 150 respondents who are involved in supply chain and port operations. Further, this paper focuses on examining the significance and difference of opinions among industry clusters with respect to functional roles and experience levels. Findings revealed that significance exists between various types of industries, and fuel prices influence operation costs. Finally, a data science-interlinked artificial intelligence neural network model (DSIAI) was constructed to overcome supply chain challenges and concludes that container port issues and operations also affect various industries when their efficiency decreases. The developed model provides useful insights into the logistics industry.
  Keywords: Artificial Intelligence; Data Science Model; Supply Chain; Procurement Management.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2024.10066691
   
  
• Procurement Practices and Public Sector Procurement Performance in Ghana: the Moderating Role of Political Interference  
  by Lomatey Toku, Abdul Samed, Francis Andohbaidoo, Joshua Ofori-Amanfo 
  Abstract: Scholars and practitioners have shown keen interest in understanding how procurement practices influence public sector procurement performance. More importantly, there have been inconsistent results on this phenomenon. Political interference has been noted as a potential contributing factor, especially in developing nations such as Ghana, but has not been examined in prior empirical studies. Grounded in the agency theory, we explore two mechanisms that are key in influencing public sector procurement performance: 1) procurement practice; 2) political interference. Data from 308 procurement practitioners from state institutions in Ghana were obtained using questionnaires. Smart PLS version 4 was employed to analyse the data. The outcomes confirm a positive statistically significant relationship between procurement practice and public sector procurement performance. Additionally, political interference negatively moderates the relationship between procurement practice and public sector procurement performance. The contributions to theory and practice are discussed.
  Keywords: procurement practices; procurement performance; public sector; political interference; moderation; scale development; Ghana.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2024.10066716
   
  
• Procurement 2030: Delphi Study on the Future of Procurement  
  by Ramona Niederschweiberer, Florian C. Kleemann 
  Abstract: Due to the growing importance of procurement in recent years, further emphasised by current management challenges and crises, the questions of future focal points and lines of development are becoming increasingly relevant. In this way, essential directional decisions can be made in good time and their implementation can be proactively initiated. This article aims to create a solid basis for this by developing a picture of the future for procurement by means of a Delphi study. The survey of around 40 managers in the field reveals agility, sustainability, innovation and digitalisation as key upcoming priorities. Further, numerous challenges have been identified and their managerial implications, e.g., on change management or recruiting, developed.
  Keywords: future of procurement; Procurement 2030; procurement strategy; Delphi study; empirical study.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2024.10066733
   
  
• Effectiveness of Utilising Social Media Marketing to Promote Handicrafts: a Comprehensive Analysis from Society Standpoint  
  by Jugal Kishor, Swati Sharma 
  Abstract: The rich tapestry has given rise to tangible objects, such as handicrafts, which are expressions of human ability, devotion, and creativity. Many experts in the field have stressed the many advantages of handmade items, praising their beneficial effects on both society and the environment. Focusing on the promotional aspect of Indian handicraft items using different social media platforms is the purpose of this research. Recognition, perception, and product value are the three metrics that the research uses to evaluate the efficacy of social media marketing campaigns targeting handmade items. This empirical study employed a questionnaire administered offline to gather data from 386 samples, which were then analysed using structural equation modelling. This study's results demonstrated that SMM for handmade goods significantly influenced the development of product perception, product recognition, and product value. In the social media setting, this research likewise showed that product value had a favourable and substantial effect on customers’ intentions to buy handmade items.
  Keywords: digital society; society; handicraft; social media marketing; SSM; strategy.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2024.10066735
   
  
• Procure-To-Pay(P2P) Processes: an Empirical Exploration of Inefficiencies  
  by Jonas Ronellenfitsch, Jana-Rebecca Rehse, Fareed Zandkarimi, Christoph Bode 
  Abstract: In recent years, researchers have increasingly centred their attention on strategic and tactical procurement processes. In contrast to that, procure-to-pay (P2P) processes, which operationally ensure the availability of input resources, have rarely been studied. However, industry managers know that P2P processes can be a constant source of resource consumption and compliance risks. In this research, an exploratory analysis of real-world ERP data using process mining methods shows the nature of P2P inefficiencies as well as hints regarding their origin. Four requestor-related, four item-related, and four supplier-related factors resonating with a newly developed inefficiency indicator are structurally reviewed. This study contributes to the academic discussion on information systems in operations / process management in three ways: Methodically, by introducing and testing a new measure for process inefficiency; empirically, by applying the rather novel technique of process mining to a large-scale real-world dataset; and theoretically, by exploring the character of P2P inefficiency.
  Keywords: Procurement; Procure-to-Pay; Purchase-to-Pay; P2P; Process Inefficiencies; Process Mining; Data Mining; Empirical Research; Operations Management; Information Systems.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2024.10066926
   
  
• Enhancing Sustainable Procurement: the Role of E-Procurement Implementation in Local Government Institutions of Ghana  
  by Abdul-Razak Imoro, Mustapha T. Seidu, Rebecca A. Boadi 
  Abstract: This study evaluates the extent of e-procurement implementation (EPI) within public procurement processes and examines its relationship with sustainable procurement performance (SPP) among local government organisations. Grounded in institutional theory (IT), this research adopts a descriptive quantitative approach, utilising a cross-sectional survey of 220 local government staff in the upper east region of Ghana. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and multivariate regression analysis. Findings reveal that while procurement processes such as needs identification, specification of requirements and proposal evaluation are highly automated, others like contracting invoice verification and record-keeping remain predominantly manual. Additionally, EPI shows significant positive impacts on environmental impact, social responsibility, economic contribution, and ethical sourcing, with the strongest effect observed in economic contribution and the weakest in ethical sourcing. This study provides significant information for local government organisations on making informed decisions regarding EPI and highlights the importance of institutional dynamics in enhancing sustainable procurement practices aligned with broader societal goals.
  Keywords: e-procurement implementation; EPI; sustainable procurement; institutional theory; local government; Ghana; sustainable procurement performance; SPP.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2024.10067200
   
  
• The Market of Companies providing Tourist Information Services for Spanish Public Administrations in the Period 2018-2022  
  by Carlos Garulo RamonÓN  
  Abstract: The public administration resorts to outsourcing tourist information services when it does not have its own means to provide them adequately. The aim of this research is to analyse the market of companies that have participated in the tendering processes for tourist information services in Spain in the period 20182022, in order to understand the profile of companies currently managing this service and the types of tendering processes that have been carried out. The data suggest a positive trend towards the outsourcing of these services, as well as a predominance of diverse criteria (both qualitative and quantitative), and a higher success rate of companies specialised in culture and/or tourism, followed by other types of companies and multi-service firms. A total of 257 tenders were analysed, with 217 different bidders, and 98 of them were awarded contracts.
  Keywords: outsourcing; services; public procurement; Spanish tenders; tourist information.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2024.10067201
   
  
• HR Analytics in Norwegian Companies: an Updated Overview  
  by Dag Øivind Madsen, Lina Alsvik, Kåre Slåtten 
  Abstract: The public administration resorts to outsourcing tourist information services when it does not have its own means to provide them adequately. The aim of this research is to analyse the market of companies that have participated in the tendering processes for tourist information services in Spain in the period 20182022, in order to understand the profile of companies currently managing this service and the types of tendering processes that have been carried out. The data suggest a positive trend towards the outsourcing of these services, as well as a predominance of diverse criteria (both qualitative and quantitative), and a higher success rate of companies specialised in culture and/or tourism, followed by other types of companies and multi-service firms. A total of 257 tenders were analysed, with 217 different bidders, and 98 of them were awarded contracts.
  Keywords: outsourcing; services; public procurement; Spanish tenders; tourist information.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2024.10067260
   
  
• Main Benefits of Centralised Government Procurement: an AHP Application with Brazilian Experts  
  by Stéfane Nascimento Da Silva, Alexandre Nascimento De Almeida, Celso Vila Nova De Souza Júnior 
  Abstract: Public procurement has gained strategic importance within organisations, leading to a growth in centralization models in contracting. However, the effects of these models are still discussed and evaluated to a limited extent by administrations. The objective of this study is to hierarchize the benefits of centralizing public procurement, contributing to the design and implementation of this model in different contexts. Based on a literature review, the main benefits of centralised procurement were grouped into three thematic axes: 1) economy, 2) innovation, and 3) sustainability. Afterwards, a group of 22 experts ranked the benefits using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). The findings demonstrated a strong alignment between theoretical predictions and the insights provided by the consulted experts. Overall, the centralisation of procurement was identified as a key driver of enhanced governance, fostering an environment conducive to innovation. This, in turn, contributed to improved economic efficiency and sustainability outcomes.
  Keywords: shared purchasing; public contracts; bids.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2024.10067571
   
  
• The Effect of Supply Chain Sustainability Practices on SME Performance in Turkey  
  by Jayant Shaligram Brahmane  
  Abstract: Companies have started using sustainable supply chain practices (SSCPs) to make their supply chain network less harmful to people and the environment The main goal is to lessen harmful effects on the environment, especially those that come from using more water and energy The study looks at how SSCP affects economic performance (EP) using 439 accurate answers from Turkish industrial companies that were gathered through cross-sectional research There was a study of how environmental performance (ENP) and social performance (SP) work together The role of Industry 4 0 as a monitor was analysed more SSC can help both SP and ENP When SP and ENP are present, EP gets better The SP and ENP are in charge of part of this link between SSCP and EP People who worked for companies that used a lot of Industry 4 0 tools also saw SSCP have a bigger impact on ENP and EP
  Keywords: sustainable supply chain practices; sustainability; practice-based view; organizational information processing theory.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2024.10067577
   
  
• The Interrelationship between Economic Satisfaction, Trust, Commitment, and Non-Economic Satisfaction in Franchisee-Franchisor Relationships  
  by Margaret Theresé Constantaras, Pieter Gerhardus Mostert, Göran Svensson 
  Abstract: This study aimed to uncover the interrelationship between economic satisfaction, trust, commitment, and non-economic satisfaction by also considering the mediating role of trust and commitment between the satisfaction constructs in franchisee-franchisor relationships. A total of 415 South African franchisees completed a self-completion online questionnaire. The research and two rival models showed that economic satisfaction has an unequivocal influence on non-economic satisfaction and that trust and commitment mediate this effect. The findings contribute to our understanding of the interrelationships between the study constructs, specifically in franchise relationships, and offer insights to franchisors about how stronger relationships with franchisees beyond their contractual obligations could be fostered. The study contributes by validating, for the first time in a franchise context, the interrelationship linking economic satisfaction, non-economic satisfaction, trust, and commitment previously conducted in business studies and furthermore confirms the mediating role of trust and commitment on the relationship between economic and non-economic satisfaction.
  Keywords: Franchise industry; franchisees; economic satisfaction; non-economic satisfaction; trust; commitment; franchisee-franchisor relationships; business relationships.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2024.10067862
   
  
• A Green Approach to Inventory Optimisation: Strategic Investments in Preservation and Carbon Regulation Compliance  
  by Manoj Kumar Sharma, Khushi ., Shalu Chaudhary, Nimit Jain, Mukesh Kumar 
  Abstract: As the urgency to combat global warming intensifies, reducing carbon emissions and mitigating waste from product deterioration have become critical priorities. This study presents an innovative and sustainable inventory model aimed at minimising waste through strategic investments in preservation and green technologies. By focusing on maximising total system profit, the model integrates a deterministic framework that accounts for price and advertisement-dependent demand, as well as time-variant holding costs, all within the constraints of a carbon cap-and-trade regulation policy. Especially, the model allows for shortages, which are fully backlogged, providing a realistic approach to inventory management. The study's primary objective is to identify the optimal value of the total profit function. We further validate the concavity of the objective function by applying both necessary and sufficient criteria, complemented by graphical representation. At last, we have completed numerical illustrations and sensitivity analysis to assess the model's effectiveness and practical applicability.
  Keywords: sustainable inventory management; price and advertisement dependent demand; preservation technology investment; green investment; carbon cap and trade policy.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2024.10067989
   
  
• Implementing Sustainable Public Procurement in Indonesia: Economic Impacts and Socio-Economic Benefits of Prioritising Domestic Products  
  by Dewi Sadtyaji, Nana Storada Dwi Martadi, Teguh Yuwono, Yuwanto Yuwanto, Nunik Retno Herawati 
  Abstract: This study explores the implementation of Sustainable Public Procurement (SPP) within Indonesia's legal framework and assesses the economic effects of prioritizing domestic products. By analysing policy documents, government reports, and procurement data, the research offers a detailed view of how SPP principles are embedded in Indonesian laws and practices. It further evaluates the economic outcomes of focusing on domestic products in procurement. Data were gathered from secondary sources and interviews with staff from the National Public Procurement Agency (LKPP), the Ministry of National Development Planning (Bappenas), and Statistics Indonesia (BPS). Findings show that allocating IDR 312 44 trillion to domestic products and IDR 60 06 trillion to imports contributes an additional 1 12% to GDP, equating to IDR 105 6 trillion. This procurement ratio has also improved the employment rate by 2 18%, translating to 2 63 million jobs.
  Keywords: domestic products; procurement; procurement data; policy; policy document; sustainability; Sustainable Public Procurement; legal framework; economic impact; employment rate.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2024.10068046
   
  
• Sustainable Inventory Policies for Green Cosmetic Products with Combined Advantages of the Exhibition and Free Sample of Products  
  by Ritu Pujara, Kunal Shukla, Dharmesh Katariya 
  Abstract: The proposed research deals with that the seller is offering eco-friendly cosmetics to the consumer. In order to catch the attention of new customers, the seller is selling items at a nearby exhibition and giving away free samples of his main product during the exhibition. The main product and free sample of main product are two inventories, with actual market demand are taken into account. Exhibition, distribution of free samples of the main item and green investment all have a direct effect on product demand. In order to maximise profit of seller with respect to optimum value of selling price, green investment, cycle time and order quantity, the problem is formulated as a mathematical model. The findings indicate the exhibition and distribution of free samples of main product significantly increased sales and total profit. Numerical example and sensitivity analysis validated the model and derived the outcome and finally concluded the article with future scope of study.
  Keywords: inventory; price dependent demand; sustainability; green investment; exhibition; free sample.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2024.10068049
   
  
• VR and AR for optimisation of packaging sample processes in the food procurement process  
  by Nils Brehme, Nils Thomas Finger 
  Abstract: Despite increasing market challenges, procurement remains in most companies comparatively inefficient and does not leverage widely available technologies to the extent possible. Hence, this research seeks to support the digitalisation of procurement by investigating the potential of two selected technologies, namely Virtual (VR) and Augmented Reality (AR). This is done with a study on enhancing the packaging sample process in the particularly competitive food retail industry in Germany. In the context of increasing cost pressure, retailers are required to optimize and innovate procurement practices. By evaluating VR and AR as supplementary tools to traditional physical assessments, the study examines the technologies’ impact on efficiency and responsiveness. Interviews with industry experts confirm VR’s and AR's applicability across different product categories and emphasize considerable saving potentials for procurement. Considering related potentials and challenges, the technologies are best integrated as complementary solutions to established procurement methods, offering strategic advantages for sourcing operations.
  Keywords: Augmented Reality; Virtual Reality; Packaging Samples; Food Retail Industry; Germany; Technology Adoption; Procurement Processes; Procurement Strategy; Innovation in Procurement; Digital Procurement,.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2024.10069819
   
  
• Inventory Model for Non-Instantaneous Deteriorating Items with Dynamic Demand, Hybrid Payment and Partial Backlogging under the COVID-19 pandemic  
  by Monika Rani, Vikas Tiwari, Sachin Kumar, Vipin Kumar 
  Abstract: The COVID-19 pandemic has profoundly impacted global supply chains, causing disruptions in production, customer performance, lead times and finances across various industries such as healthcare, food, fast-moving consumer goods and automotive This article explores recovery objectives in the context of COVID-19 and presents a hybrid payment inventory model for non-instantaneous deteriorating items Proposed hybrid payment scheme which consist n number of prepayments along with delay in payments facilitate customer during and post COVID situation This model is one of the very few models which provide guidelines in the planning of replenishment policy when demand is fluctuated in the context of pandemic and based on price and time During the disrupted supply shortage is discussed in the model which is partially backlogged later Here, various decision-making findings are illustrated with numerical examples to validate the model Sensitivity analysis is given to provide managerial insights for better management during pandemic situations.
  Keywords: Post Covid-19 Recovery; Non-instantaneous Deteriorating Items; Hybrid Payment; Time and Price Sensitive Demand; Partial Backlogging.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2024.10068058
   
  
• Optimising Inventory Model for Nonlinear Holding Cost and Nonlinear Price Dependent Split Demand with Advertising Frequency  
  by Vanjikkodi Thirumalaisamy 
  Abstract: This paper proposes an inventory model explicitly designed for perishable goods, integrating nonlinear time-dependent holding costs and diverse demand factors such as nonlinear selling prices, stock levels, and advertisement frequency. A partial backlogging approach for orders is incorporated to address shortages resulting from product deterioration. The model is meticulously formulated using partial differential equations and subsequently solved to derive the total profit function. Its primary aim is to optimize the retailer's total profit per unit of time by determining the optimal ordering quantity, optimal cycle time and the optimal selling price. Through graphical representations and numerical sensitivity analyses conducted using MATLAB, the paper demonstrates potential concavity within the model and emphasizes the importance of parameter analysis.
  Keywords: EOQ; nonlinear price and stock dependent demand; advertisement; non-linear holding cost; partially backlogging.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2024.10068136
   
  
• Study on Factors Affecting E-Procurement Adoption and its Impact on the Procurement Performance of the Telecommunication Industry in Sri Lanka  
  by Chrishley Fernando, D.M.R. Dissanayake 
  Abstract: Many factors can influence the successful adoption of e-procurement systems in the telecommunication industry and these factors will influence procurement performance and this study aims to analyse the relationship between these two variables. Constructs and indicators for the independent variable (factors influencing adoption) were derived using the TOE framework and DOI theoretical models along with empirical evidence. Constructs and indicators for the dependent variable (procurement performance) were derived using empirical evidence. A deductive research approach has been used and conducted as a quantitative study. The study found thirteen critical success factors that influence the adoption of e-procurement which impact the adoption of e-procurement platforms with varying significance. Hypothesis testing was conducted to identify the significance of the relationship among the adoption factors and procurement performance in telecommunication industry concerning cost-saving potential, efficiency improvement, and managerial effectiveness in decision-making.
  Keywords: procurement; e-procurement adoption; procurement performance; telecommunication industry; TOE framework; DOI framework; Sri Lanka.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2024.10068230
   
  
• Optimising Inventory Management with Preservation and Digital Labelling Technologies Under Green Technology and Advertisement-Sensitive Demand: a Deterministic Approach to Carbon Emission Policies  
  by Manoj Kumar Sharma, Manisha Prajapati 
  Abstract: In this paper, we developed an inventory model for non- instantaneous deteriorating items with a green technology and advertisement dependent demand. In this model we have consider two types of investment first, preservation technology investment to reduce the deterioration rate of food items and second, green technology investment to reduce the carbon emission which helps to contribute to sustainable development goals 2 and 13. In this study we considered the two policies for regulation of carbon emission i.e., carbon taxation policy and cap-and-trade policy. The shortages and partial backlogging are also allowed in this inventory model. Additionally, we incorporated digital labelling technologies, such as barcode technology, which reduce human error and improve data accuracy, resulting in lower holding costs. These investments enhance both energy and cost efficiency. Finally, we developed numerical examples and theoretical results to validate the model.
  Keywords: inventory; digital Labeling Technologies; preservation technology; green technology demand.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2024.10068312
   
  
• Optimising Supplier Selection for Complex Defence Projects  
  by Elias Saadeh, Nabil Semaan, Moustapha El Hassan, Jihad Daba 
  Abstract: In the context of complex procurement processes, particularly in high-value industries such as military vessels acquisitions, relying on solid decision-making strategies is critical to selecting the most suitable suppliers. Addressing the problems of linguistic variables and uncertainty requires improved multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) approaches. This paper provides a comparative analysis of the Fuzzy Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (FTOPSIS) and Fuzzy Indifference Target-based Attribute Ratio Analysis (FITARA) for group decision-making. Applying the Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process (FAHP) for criteria weight aggregation, the study uncovers essential insights into the appropriate method for each military maritime vessel procurement scenario. Thus, it showcases significant differences in ranking outcomes, with FITARA displaying higher adaptability and the modified FTOPSIS maintaining stability under different settings and optimizing defence acquisitions.
  Keywords: Fuzzy TOPSIS; Fuzzy AHP; Fuzzy ITARA; Group Decision-Making; Supplier Selection; Linguistic Variables; Supply Chain Optimization; Comparative Analysis.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2024.10068352
   
  
• Management of Military Procurement  
  by Elias Saadeh, Moustapha El Hassan, Nabil Semaan, Jihad Daba 
  Abstract: Procurement management (PM) in the military requires rigorous planning, implementation, and monitoring. The procurement of products and services for military activities is subject to severe standards, including the federal acquisition regulation (FAR) in the USA and defence acquisition laws that assure security and safety. Given the strategic and complicated nature of decision-making in this industry, developing an adaptive project management technique is critical for ensuring optimal value, quality, and supplier support. This article conducts an in-depth investigation of supplier selection methods for public procurement in several nations, with an emphasis on high-value assets in the military and marine sectors. It emphasises the significance of reconciling operational objectives with regulatory limitations and provides a new multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) approach for assessing vendors. The methodology is demonstrated through a case study on vessel supplier selection, which includes engagement with several shipyards and stakeholders. The results show that this technique is effective at limiting risks, improving quality, and maintaining supplier support while providing an explicit and practical process for generating consistent and satisfying results.
  Keywords: fuzzy sets; group decisions and negotiations; procurement management; PM; supplier selection; SS; MCDM; military high-value assets.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2024.10068353
   
  
• A Sustainable Fuzzy Economic Order Quantity Inventory Model with Linear Demand and Exponential Unit Profit Function in Circular Economy  
  by Anita Kumari Sahu, V. Ganesh, S.K. Inrajitsingha 
  Abstract: Circular economy is the one of the most targeted development in which remanufacturing, recycle and reuse the materials that creates job with minimised resource used. Application of circular economy is increasing day by day for economic growth and healthy business. Government encourages the use of circular economy instead of linear economy by providing subsidies through regulations and taxes. In this paper a fuzzy economic order quantity model in circular economy is presented. Since some parameters are uncertain in nature, they are considered as triangular fuzzy number. Defuzzification is done by using graded mean integration representation method (GMIR). In this paper, ordering quantity and circularity index level are decision variables. The concavity of the average profit function is shown theoretically. The optimality of the parameters is determined analytically. It is further endorsed by numerical example with an intension to validate the proposed model. The CE gives a remarkable gain in profit, which is the focus of any industry that is concerned about environmental conservation. The financial advantage of the company is given due weight age in this model. For this, sensitivity analysis is independently carried out by deploying circular economy in inventory modelling.
  Keywords: Circular Economy; Triangular fuzzy number; GMIR method.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2024.10068378
   
  
• e-Procurement Management fraud: in the Context of Malaysian Public Sector  
  by Malar Gunasegaran, Rohaida Basiruddin, Adriana Mohd Rizal 
  Abstract: This study aims to identify the types of e-procurement fraud and the factors driving such fraudulent activities in the Malaysian public sector. Using a qualitative approach, data were gathered from interviews with 16 e-procurement officers across three organisations. These organisations were chosen based on various sources, including Auditor General’s reports, complaints to the MACC, data from the MYPROCUREMENT website, and the Code Blue report. The study identified five types of e-procurement fraud, namely, misuse of power, information breaches, fraudulent documents, fraudulent claims, and bribery. The study further revealed that social, economic, and political factors can trigger fraudulent activities. These findings offer valuable insights for combating e-procurement fraud and contribute to the existing body of knowledge on fraud in the public sector.
  Keywords: public procurement; e-procurement management; fraud; public sector; auditor general; Malaysia.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2024.10068602
   
  
• Keynesian Beauty Contest in Morocco's Public Procurement Reform  
  by Nizare RIANE 
  Abstract: This paper examines the recent reform of Morocco's public procurement market through the lens of Keynesian beauty contest theory. The reform introduces a mechanism akin to a guessing-the-average game, where bidders attempt to estimate a reference price, which in turn impacts bidding strategies. We utilize this setup to empirically test key hypotheses within auction theory, specifically the roles of common knowledge and bounded rationality. Our findings indicate potential manipulation risks under the current rules, suggesting that a shift to a median criterion could improve robustness and reduce the likelihood of manipulation. This work contributes to the broader understanding of strategic interactions in procurement and offers a foundation for future research on improving fairness and efficiency in public contract allocation.
  Keywords: Auction ; Keynesian beauty contest ; guessing the average ; game theory ; limited rationality.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2024.10068764
   
  
• Sustainable Future of the Automobile Industry: Enhancing Supply Chain Resilience  
  by Aditya Gautam, Asif Akhtar, Mrinalini Shah, Usha Gautam 
  Abstract: The automobile industry is undergoing a significant shift toward sustainability, driven by environmental concerns, evolving customer preferences, and strict regulations. Automakers are focused on reducing their carbon footprint throughout their supply chains. Thus, research on supply chain resilience (SCRES) has gained attention in today's complex business environment, highlighting its importance for competitiveness and alignment with global economies. This manuscript presents a systematic literature review (SLR) of journal articles published from 2010 to June 2024, focused on resilience in automobile supply chains. The study identifies three risk stages, 12 core SCRES capabilities, and six capabilities of NextGen digital supply chain technologies (NextGen-DSCTs). Involving 25 industry practitioners, we propose a clear and comprehensive SCRES framework that offers guidelines for effectively managing supply chain risks and uncertainties, ensuring a sustainable future for the automotive sector.
  Keywords: Automobile industry; sustainability; Supply chain resilience (SCRES); supply chain risk (SCR); supply chain management (SCM).
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2024.10068819
   
  
• Reforming Public Procurement System: the Case of the United Arab Emirates  
  by Karem Sayed Mohamed Elsayed Aboelazm  
  Abstract: This paper examines several key concepts in public procurement: centralised public procurement, decentralised public procurement e-public procurement, and sustainable public procurement. The paper discusses the advantages and disadvantages of centralised and decentralised public procurement, as well as the benefits of e-procurement in the UAE at both the central and decentralised levels, including its advantages in combating corruption. The study also presents the sustainable public procurement framework in the UAE, which encompasses three dimensions: environmental, social, and economic. The study employed a descriptive approach to analyse the concepts of centralisation, decentralisation, electronic, and sustainable public procurement. An analytical method was used to identify the advantages and disadvantages of the central and decentralised systems in the UAE, as well as the benefits of electronic and sustainable public procurement.
  Keywords: public procurement; sustainable public procurement; e-public procurement; centralization; decentralization.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2024.10068821
   
  
• Digital Transformation: Enhancing Workforce Skills, Driving Innovation, Fostering Sustainability and Optimising Procurement in Fintech-Enabled Banking  
  by Rebekah E, Mohd Afjal 
  Abstract: The rapid growth of Fintech is changing the global banking industry. This study examines the relationship among fintech adoption, upskilling of human resources, innovation in financial services, procurement practices, and sustainability. Data were collected through a survey of 290 banking professionals across India and analysed using the Partial least square structural modelling (PLS-SEM). The findings highlight innovation capacity, adaptability to technological changes, effective decision-making, and proficiency in skills positively impact fintech adoption. The results further reveal that fintech adoption significantly contributes to performance, with human resource competencies playing a pivotal role in facilitating this process. . This study also identifies advanced service innovation, enhanced business performance, and sustainable practices as key outcomes of effective fintech integration. These findings emphasise that a bank's ability to adopt fintech successfully and maintain a competitive edge relies on its commitment to training and upskilling its workforce while integrating sustainability into its operational strategies.
  Keywords: Fintech; Banking Professionals; Skills; Sustainability; Service Innovation; Firm Performance.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2024.10068891
   
  
• Untapped Potential in Albania's e-Procurement: Exploring the Consequences of Competition on Savings  
  by Edlira Martiri, Etion Kapedani, Teuta Xhindi 
  Abstract: This study focuses in Albania's e-procurement data from 2010 to 2023 which amounts to 5.33 Billion Euros awarded through 35,489 different contracts. To evaluate the effect that competition in public procurement has on savings the gathered data underwent segregation based on the number of offers received per tender. The metrics utilised are the amount of funds contracted; the number of tenders and finally relative savings. This research concludes that the largest amount of funds in Albania's public procurement has been awarded via procedures that attracted only one single bid, with low incurred savings. Simple linear regression is used to measure the effect that competition has on savings of public money, yielding a robust R-Square of 0.9587. This data model demonstrates an increase of 6.24% on savings when the number of bids is increased by one, concluding that Albania needs to embark on enhancing competition in public procurement.
  Keywords: Public Procurement; Savings per Offer; Competition; Bids; Linear Regression; Albania; Western Balkans; Transparency; Integrity; Sustainable growth; Economic development; Policy impact; Accountability.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2024.10068893
   
  
• The Consumer-Adoption Framework for Unmanned Retail: a Case Study of Automated Vending Machines  
  by Kuei Chien Chiu, Yan-bu Lin, Alok Kumar Sharma 
  Abstract: This study investigates consumer behaviour in unmanned retail systems, focusing on automated vending machines. To address gaps in understanding technology adoption in these settings, the Consumer-Adoption Framework for Unmanned Retail (CAFRUR) is proposed, integrating dimensions like Automated Interaction Efficiency and Digital Trust in Retail with constructs from TAM and UTAUT. Data from 300 respondents were analysed to examine perceived value, expected effort, social influence, expected performance, and customer satisfaction. Regression analysis shows expected performance as the strongest predictor of satisfaction, followed by perceived value, social influence, and expected effort. The findings emphasize optimizing system efficiency, user experience, and interface design to enhance adoption. This research bridges theoretical insights with practical applications, offering strategies for leveraging analytics, improving engagement, and addressing consumer preferences to innovate unmanned retail technologies.
  Keywords: Unmanned Stores; Automated Vending Machines; Purchasing Demand; Customer Satisfaction.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2024.10068918
   
  
• Optimal Resource Allocation in Military Hospitals Using Inverse Erlang-B Models  
  by Jihad Daba, Moustapha El Hassan, Elias Saadeh 
  Abstract: Effective resource allocation is vital for procurement management, optimising assets use to meet fluctuating demands while minimising operational bottlenecks. This paper advances resource allocation strategies by employing inverse Erlang-B models, specifically applied to military hospitals. Incomplete gamma and Marcum-Q functions are used in novel computational formulations to improve accuracy across various traffic intensities. In contrast, inverse functions offer tight constraints for calculating server requirements under high load. Assuming a 5% rejection rate and an average patient stay of 1.5 days, a case study models daily military hospital ward admissions as an autoregressive process (AR(1)), projecting an average demand of 86 hospital beds, with a minimum of 79 and a maximum of 91 beds per day. The findings demonstrate the effectiveness of inverse Erlang-B models in capacity planning, providing scalable solutions for optimising resource utilisation in healthcare and industrial sectors (Gil et al., 2013; Marinkovic and Stosic, 2023a).
  Keywords: Erlang-B Model; Inverse Queueing Theory; Resource Allocation Optimization; Stochastic Modeling; Hospital Bed Capacity Planning; Mathematical Optimization in Healthcare Acquisitions.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2024.10068919
   
  
• Optimal Inventory Model for Non-Instantaneous Deteriorating Items: A Strategy Blend of Learning Effects, Advance Sales, Freshness-Driven Demand, Online Payments, and Discounts Policies  
  by Kajal Sharma, Mamta Keswani, Lalji Kumar, Uttam Khedlekar 
  Abstract: In todays fast-paced e-commerce landscape, managing perishable products requires innovative strategies to enhance profitability. Retailers often use discount policies to boost sales, but their success depends on strategic implementation. This study examines the impact of learning on the optimal replenishment inventory policy for non-instantaneous deteriorating items, focusing on pre-order discounts and online payments. A novel EOQ model is proposed to maximise total profit by balancing pricing strategies, advertising frequency, and the effects of online payments on demand. Advanced inventory systems, when paired with strategic advertising and favourable banking conditions, are shown to significantly enhance profitability. The research highlights the importance of incorporating learning effects into cost parameters, amplifying profit. Numerical examples and sensitivity analyses validate the model, providing actionable insights. Figure 1 presents a graphical abstract of the study, illustrating its framework and findings.
  Keywords: Inventory; Learning rate; Discount policy; Advance sales; Online payments; Price-Advertisement-Freshness dependent demand.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2024.10069017
   
  
• Procurement and Sustainability: Investigating the Influence of Digital Financial Literacy and Technological Optimism on Green Banking Adoption  
  by Sangeetha N, Mohd Afjal Mohammed, Rebekah E 
  Abstract: This study examines the complex connection between digital financial literacy, technological optimism, and the ambition to embrace green banking technology (GB technology) to promote financial sector environmental sustainability This study examines how digital financial literacy affects customers' desire to use green banking technologies and how technological optimism mediates this effect The quantitative study uses a structured questionnaire to collect data from 230 banking customers to determine green banking technology adoption The research evaluates hypotheses and confirms measurement models using structural equation modelling Digital financial literacy positively affects the intention to embrace GB technology, with technological optimism mediating this relationship Thus, digital financial literacy increases green banking intentions directly and indirectly through technology optimism Incorporating environmental sustainability into the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) theoretically advances the field Practically, it emphasizes the need for focused training activities to improve digital financial literacy and promote a positive attitude towards technology, thereby promoting sustainable banking practices. The research underscores that digital financial literacy and technological optimism are crucial drivers of sustainable banking technologies.
  Keywords: Digital financial literacy; Technology optimism; Green banking; Sustainable Banking Practices; Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB); Technology Acceptance Model (TAM).
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2024.10069025
   
  
• Investigating the Impact of Trade Credit Policies considering Deterioration, Quadratic Time-Stock Dependent Demand and Shortages with Partial-Logging  
  by Monika Naik, Shivkumar Sharma 
  Abstract: This study examines a warehouse model for deteriorating items with both owned and rented warehouses. It looks at how demand changes over time, stock levels, and allows for payment delays, enabling partial inventory fulfilment when there are shortages in the owned warehouse (OW). The model connects order delays to restocking times and analyses different scenarios based on payment delay options. The goal is to minimize inventory costs by determining the best restocking cycles, order sizes, and depletion points at the OW. The study includes algorithms to calculate these optimal values, helping decide whether renting a warehouse and using payment delays are worthwhile. With numerical illustration, it shows how this approach can optimise supply chain management by offering valuable managerial insights.
  Keywords: Time-stock dependent demand; non-instantaneous deterioration; trade credit period; dual warehouses; partial backlogging.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2025.10069519
   
  
• Blockchain-Based Smart Contracts for Secure Record Management in the Pharmaceutical Industry  
  by Asfia Aziz, Sunil Sunam, Shahab Saquib Sohail, Dag Øivind Madsen 
  Abstract: Blockchain offers a secure platform for data exchange across sectors like banking, supply chain, IoT, and healthcare. In medical services, challenges arise from inefficient referral processes, data sharing between facilities, and limited patient access to records. Issues like data abuse and security concerns in Electronic Health Records (EHRs) exacerbate these problems. This paper explores Blockchain-Based Smart Contracts for managing pharmaceutical records, leveraging the Practical Byzantine Fault Tolerance (PBFT) consensus method. The findings show healthcare practitioners can securely input patient data into the blockchain, while patients can contribute social data such as sleep patterns and activities. This enriched dataset supports improved diagnosis and prognosis. The study also evaluates execution time and data transmission for ledger updates as the network expands with more hospitals and blocks, demonstrating the scalability of blockchain-based healthcare solutions.
  Keywords: Blockchain; Healthcare; Pharmaceutical industry; Security; Smart Contracts.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2025.10069821
   
  
• The Subcontract Act in Japan: Risk Trends and Compliance Responses of Japanese Companies  
  by Akira Endo, Yasufumi Ishigaki 
  Abstract: Companies must comply with supply chain-related legislation as part of their procurement risk management. This study aims to clarify the risk trends and compliance practices of the Subcontract Act in Japan. It analysed 101 cases of violation of the Subcontract Act using a topic model and investigated compliance efforts among 322 Japanese firms across 33 industries. The results identified specific actions leading to violations and key issues in Japan. The findings also suggested that strategic combinations of compliance measures are necessary, balancing cost and resource constraints to enhance organizational compliance. This study provides valuable insights for managers to improve corporate governance on the supply chain.
  Keywords: The Subcontract Act in Japan; procurement risk management; procurement risks; Japanese companies; compliance practices on the supply chain; supply chain; compliance risks; supply chain risk.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2024.10069548
   
  
• Optimising Resource Allocation Through the Blocked Agent Retried Model in Military Manufacturing  
  by Jihad Daba, Moustapha El Hassan, Elias Saadeh 
  Abstract: Modern procurement management relies heavily on efficient resource allocation, which is crucial to maximising military, healthcare, and industrial performance. The practical utility of traditional queueing models is limited because they frequently overlook the dynamic retrial behaviours of blocked agents. To overcome these constraints, this paper presents the Extended Erlang-B (EEB) model, which incorporates a retrial dispatching mechanism. A new iterative approach was implemented to validate the EEB, and after 22 rounds, it converged to a steady-state traffic intensity of 15.8 Erlangs. Retrial techniques have been demonstrated to boost the utilisation of resources by 60% in practical situations. Dimensioning tables provide actionable insights for designing scalable systems for different retrial probabilities. The EEB model is pivotal for modern industrial and military applications, offering superior flexibility, accuracy, and robustness in resource allocation. Compared to traditional models, it effectively addresses dynamic operational demands across diverse domains, enhancing system performance and adaptability.
  Keywords: Extended Erlang-B Model; Queueing Theory; Resource Allocation Optimization; Stochastic Modeling; Production Machines Capacity Planning; Mathematical Optimization in Military Manufacturing.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2025.10069599
   
  
• Is Business Becoming Easier? A Comprehensive Literature Mapping on Ease of Doing Business  
  by Nayana Prabhash, Suresh Kumar S, Priya K.M 
  Abstract: The concept of “Ease of Doing Business” has gained global attention since the launch of the World Bank’s Doing Business project. This study aims to highlight the growing importance of the Ease of Doing Business concept by conducting a comprehensive bibliometric analysis. Through keyword research and bibliometric analysis, the study examines the scale, patterns, and emerging trends in research activity related to this concept. The study conducted a comprehensive screening process, starting with 1,734 records from Scopus and Web of Science databases, along with 14 additional records. After multiple stages of exclusion based on language, methodology, and relevance, 1,316 studies were included in the final review for analysis. The analysis uncovers the scope of research efforts, the influence of key publications, and the degree of international collaboration. Additionally, it identifies key thematic areas such as supply chain management, sustainability, corporate strategy alignment, and the integration of technology in procurement systems.
  Keywords: Bibliometrics; Global Procurement; Supply chain management; Ease of doing business (EoDB); Thematic Map; Business regulatory environment; Coauthorship analysis; Citation analysis.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2025.10069620
   
  
• Appraising E-Procurement Practices of Contractors on Construction Projects in Lagos Metropolis  
  by Dele Simeon, Joy C. Nwakaego 
  Abstract: This study investigates e-procurement practices of contracting firms in Lagos Metropolis with a view to enhancing transparency and efficiency. The study adopts a cross-sectional research design and data was collected from 126 contracting firms that utilise e-procurement systems using the stratified random sampling technique. Descriptive statistical tools were deployed for data analyses. The study uncovered 47 e-procurement practices of contracting firms, the topmost being e-banking platforms in material supply payment processes. The study concludes that contractors moderately deploy 43 out of the 47 investigated e-procurement practices. This implies some level of digital technology integration that will boost cost-effectiveness, efficiency, and transparency while raising industry standards for overall performance. The study recommends that contractors invest in user-friendly e-procurement technologies, secure managerial support, and improve training to increase the usage of e-procurement technologies. This may be accomplished by facilitating managerial support to encourage adoption, expediting e-procurement processes, and offering specialised training.
  Keywords: Construction; contracting organisations; contractors’ e-procurement practices; implementation challenges; Lagos Metropolis.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2025.10069740
   
  
• Fuzzy Production Inventory Model for Deteriorating Items Defuzzified by Signed Distance Method  
  by S.K. Indrajitsingha, S.K. Sahu, P.K. Jena, Padmanava Samanta 
  Abstract: The research analyses a production inventory model of deteriorating items with shortages under partial backlogging in a crisp and fuzzy environment. Uncertainties play a vital role in developing a real-life inventory model. Since the system parameters such as demand, deterioration, holding cost, etc. are uncertain, so they are considered triangular fuzzy numbers. The model is developed both in a crisp and fuzzy approach. The signed distance method is used for defuzzification. The concavity test of the total profit function is shown graphically using the Mathematica 11.1 software. The objective of this model is to maximise the profit. A comparison of results in both cases is carried out to decide which method gives a more accurate outcome. The numerical example, managerial implications and sensitivity analysis are presented for the proposed model.
  Keywords: Deterioration; Time and selling price dependent demand; Signed Distance Method; Partial backlogging.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2025.10069744
   
  
• Energy Consumption Optimisation through Machine Learning: a Strategic Approach to Sustainable Procurement in Smart Grids and Buildings: a Bibliometric Analysis  
  by Saravanan Thirunavukkarasu, Kavitha K, Sandeep T. T, Shalini Reddy P, Madhavi R, Dillipriya L 
  Abstract: This paper addresses whether machine learning, optimizing energy intake in smart grids and smart buildings, improves efficiency, stability, and sustainability of energy use. A bibliometric analysis was performed to identify the principal contributors, thematic patterns, and research gaps within the domain. Techniques of artificial neural networks and reinforcement learning support real-time decisions by integrating renewable sources in maintaining a stable energy supply. Our results underscore the disruptive potential of ML in reducing wasted energy, shifting the shape of demand, and achieving more effective, cost-effective, resilient grids for energy. It unravels the immense promise that ML holds in transforming energy-efficient solutions worldwide.
  Keywords: Energy Optimization; Machine Learning; Smart Grids; Smart Buildings; Energy Efficiency; Sustainability; Renewable Energy Integration; Demand Response; Artificial Intelligence.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2025.10069830
   
  
• Decoding the Impact of Customer Satisfaction on the Relationship between Perceived Benefits and Online Purchase Intention of Smartphones  
  by Mohammed Faiz-ul-faham Neikar, Suraj Kushe Shekhar 
  Abstract: The study examined how consumer satisfaction, perceived benefits, and intention to buy mobile phones relate to web purchasing. The study also examines how customer satisfaction mediates perceived benefits and online purchase intentions. The study found that perceived benefits and customer satisfaction positively and significantly affect mobile phone online purchasing intention. Customer satisfaction affects purchase intention more than perceived benefits. Additionally, young e-commerce consumer satisfaction partially mediates the relationship between positive behavioral views and online shopping. These findings are crucial for marketers and firms because they show that investing in perceived benefits and customer happiness can boost online purchase intentions. In e-commerce, tailored marketing that prioritizes consumer experience is crucial.
  Keywords: Customer satisfaction; Online shopping; Online purchase intention; Perceived benefits; Smartphones.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2025.10069894
   
  
• An Integrated Inventory Model for Time-Varying Demand: Balancing Trade Credit, Pricing, and Sustainability Under Carbon Tax Policies  
  by Manoj Kumar Sharma, Sakshi Pant, Paras Jhaldiyal, Neha Rani 
  Abstract: This study proposes an integrated inventory model for perishable items with time-varying demand, where demand depends on dynamic pricing and trade credit incentives. The framework addresses delayed deterioration - spoilage initiating after a predefined latency period, typical in products like seasonal produce or pharmaceuticals. To reconcile profitability and sustainability, the model integrates preservation technology investments to curb post-latency decay and carbon tax mechanisms penalising waste-driven emissions. It balances the trade-off between extended credit terms (boosting demand but increasing opportunity costs) and preservation costs (reducing waste but raising expenses). A profit-maximising function is formulated, validated numerically, and analysed for parameter sensitivity. Results demonstrate that synchronising pricing, credit periods, and preservation investments optimises profitability while ensuring regulatory compliance. The study provides actionable insights for designing inventory systems that harmonise financial efficiency with environmental stewardship under carbon taxation.
  Keywords: Credit period link demand; preservation technology; deterioration; credit period; optimization; carbon tax regulation.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2025.10069986
   
  
• Deconstructing the 'Digital Arrest' Phenomenon in India: an Interpretive Structural Modelling (ISM) & MICMAC Approach to Unravel Drivers and Systemic Vulnerabilities  
  by ShivamKrishn Agrawal, Pooja Gupta, Vijay Kumar Jain 
  Abstract: Indias rapid digital transformation has triggered a surge in digital arrest scams, with victims losing 120.30 crore in early 2024 (PMF IAS, 2025). This study employs interpretive structural modelling (ISM) and MICMAC analysis to identify 14 systemic drivers including organised crime networks, weak legal frameworks, rapid digitalisation, and psychological manipulation through expert consultations with cybersecurity and media professionals. The ISM model reveals hierarchical interdependencies: foundational enablers (e.g., jurisdictional challenges, anonymity tools) facilitate mid-tier vulnerabilities like low digital literacy and manipulative tactics, culminating in fear-driven victimisation and social stigma. MICMAC analysis classifies variables into independent drivers (systemic corruption, inadequate enforcement) and dependent outcomes, highlighting multi-level intervention needs. Policy imperatives include modernising cyber laws, expanding digital literacy campaigns, fostering cross-border law enforcement collaboration, and strengthening public-private partnerships to dismantle transnational cybercrime networks. By addressing systemic vulnerabilities and societal resilience gaps, this research provides a structural roadmap for safeguarding India s evolving digital ecosystem.
  Keywords: Digital Arrest Scams; Interpretive Structural Modelling (ISM); Cybercrime in India Psychological Manipulation; Systemic Vulnerabilities.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2025.10069990
   
  
• Enhancing Complex Procurement Negotiation with a Hybrid MADM Approach  
  by Hugo B. Santos, Pedro B. Água, Armindo Frias 
  Abstract: Armed conflicts increasingly rely on external resources due to limited domestic production capacity. The ongoing war in Ukraine underscores the urgency of acquiring defence equipment and resources efficiently. The study aims to contribute to complex acquisition negotiations, especially in countries pursuing industrialisation and economic development. To do so, we propose a negotiation support system, special adapted to procurement processes, based on a Multiple Attribute Decision-Making (MADM) hybrid method. Using a simulated acquisition of a Logistics Multipurpose Vessel, the model evaluates potential packages to determine the most beneficial option for the acquirer. Overall, the proposed model facilitates well-founded decision-making.
  Keywords: AHP-TOPSIS2N; decision-making; defence systems; economic development; Multiple Attribute Decision-Making (MADM); negotiation process; procurement management; systems acquisition; technology transfer.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2025.10070005
   
  
• Impact of Environmental, Social and Governance Performance (ESGP) on Financial Performance of Indian Firms: the Moderating Role of Audit Committee Independence  
  by Anisha Mishra, Waleed M. Alahdal, Najib H. S. Farhan, Shayuti Mohamed Adnan 
  Abstract: This study explored the effect of environmental, social and governance (ESG) performance on the financial performance of Indian firms, with audit committee independence serving as a moderating variable. Utilizing quantitative methods and secondary data, the study analysed 91 Indian firms from 2018 to 2022. The research drew upon legitimacy, and agency theories, employing random and fixed effect panel data modelling for analysis. The findings indicate that ESG performance and its components have no impact on FP (measured by ROA), while ESG performance and individual performance of Environmental and Governance has a negative and significant impact on the financial performance (measured by Tobin’s Q), whereas the social performance has no impact on TQ. Moreover, the independent audit committee does not moderate the relationship between ESGP and its components and firm performance. Overall, this study is novel within the Indian context. It enhances the understanding that ESG performance has a negative or negligible impact on financial performance. This relationship is so strong that even an independent audit committee cannot moderate it.
  Keywords: ESG Performance; Financial Performance; Audit Committee Independence; Legitimacy Theory; Agency theory.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2025.10070085
   
  
• Improvement of Internal Customer Service: Strategies for Supply Management  
  by Rosemary Dias Da Silva, Adilson Aderito Da Silva, Alberto De Medeiros Júnior 
  Abstract: The economic context of Industry 4.0 demands organizational strategies in the face of uncertainties and market fluctuations. In this scenario, supply management is essential to ensure companies remain competitive. This article presents the steps followed in elaborating a proposal to optimize the acquisition processes of inputs/services to improve the quality level in Supply Management of a Brazilian institution of Education and Health. To this end, we used the business problem-solving methodology with the support of the Transaction Cost Economics theory. The solution allowed structuring of the service to the requesting areas from the beginning of the demand, reducing the asymmetry of information and feasibility of the acquisition of an e-procurement tool, whose first simulations pointed to gains in the order of four million reais (R$) compared to the process carried out manually and an approximate saving of R$ 875 thousand in five years.
  Keywords: Industry 4.0; supply management; design science research; transformation; e-procurement; information asymmetry; transaction costs.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2024.10070111
   
  
• Human Resource Accounting Perspectives: a Comprehensive Bibliometric Analysis (2000-2024)  
  by Muhammad Humeedat  
  Abstract: This study analyses the global landscape of human resource accounting (HRA) research from 2001 to 2024, examining 561 documents, with 235 remaining after exclusions. Using bibliometric tools such as VOSviewer and R Software, the study identifies trends, authorship, and international collaborations. The primary aim is to map the evolution of HRA research, identify influential authors, journals, and institutions, and explore emerging themes like HR analytics and workforce planning. The results reveal a 10.2% annual growth in HRA research, with a notable peak in 2022. Leading contributors include the USA, Netherlands, and China, and 26.38% of studies involve international collaboration, indicating the interdisciplinary nature of the field. Key emerging trends include a shift towards HR analytics, big data, and performance management, reflecting the increasing integration of technology in HRA. The findings suggest that HRA is becoming more integral to organisational strategies, with an emphasis on data-driven methodologies and analytics. The study provides valuable insights into future research directions, highlighting the growing importance of technology in shaping the future of human resource management and the need for further exploration of analytics in HRA practices.
  Keywords: Human resource accounting; HR analytics; bibliometric analysis; R Software; VOSviewer; affiliations analysis; journals analysis; citation analysis; keywords analysis; HR perspectives.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2025.10070165
   
  
• The Intersection of Fashion and Sustainability: Exploring Consumer Motivations and Behaviour in Fashion Rental Markets for Sustainable Future  
  by Vijay Kumar Jain, Shrish Singh, Dr. Ravi Ranjan, Aditi Dahiya 
  Abstract: The growing concern over environmental sustainability has led to the emergence of innovative consumption models, such as fashion rental services, which promote reuse and reduce waste in the fashion industry. These models encourage reuse and cut down on waste in the fashion sector. With an emphasis on increasing sustainability, this study intends to investigate the important factors of rental consumption behaviour. By integrating fuzzy logic with the DEMATEL approach, this study captures the complexity and ambiguity inherent in consumer attitudes towards fashion rentals. The study determines and examines the connections between important elements impacting customer choices. The results demonstrate that social influence, flexibility and convenience, sustainability, luxury newcomers and cost consciousness are the main reasons for increasing trend of rental fashion. The findings underscore the importance of addressing these factors to enhance consumer participation in sustainable fashion practices. This study contributes to the literature on sustainable fashion by providing a robust analytical framework that guides stakeholders in developing strategies to foster greater acceptance of fashion rental markets. Fashion marketers gain from rental consumption since it gives them access to new consumer categories, particularly those looking for reasonably priced luxury or premium brands.
  Keywords: Sustainability; Luxury Newcomers; Minimalism; Circular economy; Subscription Model; Fashion Democratization.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2025.10070166
   
  
• Supply Chain Resilience and Digital Technologies: a Systematic Literature Review Based on the PRISMA Method  
  by Houneida Haddar, Fatma Bouaziz 
  Abstract: This study aims to define supply chain resilience and identify its key determinants. It is based on a systematic literature review following the PRISMA method and an in-depth analysis of 141 articles. The findings reveal, first, that supply chain resilience can be conceptualised as a set of dynamic capabilities anticipation, adaptability, response, recovery, and learning mobilised before, during, and after disruptive events. Second, they highlight several determinants of supply chain resilience, among which digital technologies emerge as a key factor. Examining the relationship between digital technologies and supply chain resilience, based on the proposed definition, provides a foundation for future research in this evolving and still nascent field.
  Keywords: Supply Chain Resilience; Systematic Literature Review; PRISMA; Supply chain capabilities; Determinant Factors; Digital Technologies.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2025.10070285
   
  
• Exploring the Evolution of Social Media Marketing Research (2009-2024): a Bibliographic Investigation  
  by Preeti Ahlawat, Dr. Hawa Singh, Jagdeep Singla, Akhil Sharma, Kuldeep Chaudhary, Ritika Juneja 
  Abstract: This research analyzes the literature on social media marketing, analyzing 884 documents from 2009 to 2024. A bibliometric technique is applied to explore the conceptual framework of social media marketing research. The search guidelines were based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). RStudio and VOSviewer were used to display the analysis outcomes by creating scientific research maps. The study shows a declining trend in social media marketing publications. The research revealed that the top three keywords are "social media," "Social media marketing," and "marketing." "Network Narrative: Understanding Word-of-Mouth marketing in online communities" is the most effective article. The most recent advancements in social media marketing research include customer engagement, customer behavior, brand loyalty, and brand equity. The findings help managers understand how social media marketing influences customer behavior by helping by researching critical terms like "customer engagement," "brand loyalty," and "purchase intention."
  Keywords: Social Media Marketing; Bibliometric Analysis; Visualization; Vosviewer; Customer Engagement; Customer Behavior; Brand Loyalty; Brand Equity; Social Networking Sites; Social Media Platforms; Customer.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2025.10070287
   
  
• Optimising Inventory Policies for New and Take-Back Used Products with Concept of Complementary Products under Shortages  
  by Amarat Rathod, Kunal Shukla, Dharmesh Katariya 
  Abstract: Any business needs complementary items since they increase sales, profits, and customer attraction. In this study, retailers sell the new products with complementary products, take back the used products, and retailers sell them again with complementary products. Each products price-sensitive demands relate to one another and enhance its value. The objective of this research is to optimise the selling price, cycle time, inventory duration, and shortage period to maximise retail profits from new and take-back products, along with complementary items, under conditions of partial backlog shortages. A mathematical inventory model incorporating complementary items was formulated for new and take-back products. Using the classical optimisation method, we obtained the optimum value of the decision variables. The concavity of the objective function was verified using the Hessian matrix method and graphically. The studys numerical findings provide optimum profitability and suggest further research directions. Sensitivity analysis is performed to examine the proposed models stability.
  Keywords: complementary products; deterioration; take-back product; price-sensitive demand; selling price; shortage; cycle time.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2025.10070291
   
  
• Factors affecting Tourism Development under Mediating Role of Diversified Tourism Products: Case in Vietnam  
  by Liem Hoang Thanh  
  Abstract: This study aims to estimate the critical factors affecting the development of tourism in Vietnam, especially in Binh Thuan province, under the role of a mediating factor. Using quantitative method (Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling), the following factors have a significant and positive influence on tourism development under the intervention of diversified tourism products: tourism resources, infrastructure, information technology, stakeholder involvement, and government policies. The findings confirm that diversified tourism products significantly enhance tourism development by attracting a broader range of visitors, extending the tourism season, and increasing local economic benefits. The study also highlights how improved infrastructure, digital advancements, and policy interventions can further support the development of unique tourism offerings, such as eco-tourism, cultural tourism, and adventure tourism. These insights provide a strong foundation for Binh Thuan to strengthen its tourism strategy, ensuring long-term sustainability and maximizing its economic potential.
  Keywords: tourism; tourism development; tourism products; PLS-SEM.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2025.10070343
   
  
• E-procurement Implementation: the Role of Organisational Culture and Organisational Learning  
  by Yaw Brenya Abunyewa, Ernest Kissi, Victor Acheamfour, Bernard K. Baiden, Alhassan Baako Braimah 
  Abstract: E-procurement is an innovative technology that is critical to boosting overall procurement performance. Therefore, it is important to understand the facets of its implementation. Hence, the study sought to evaluate the influence of organisational culture on the implementation of e-procurement and the potential role of organisational learning. The study applied the explanatory research design and a quantitative research approach to test the developed hypothesis with data collected from 98 Procurement Officers in public sector firms. The hypothesised paths were investigated using structural equation modelling. The study revealed that adhocracy culture significantly drives e-procurement implementation while hierarchy culture inhibits its implementation. Nevertheless, organisational learning nullified the inhibiting effect of hierarchy culture. This study provides an understanding of the intricacies associated with the E-procurement usage. The study argues that guidelines for the use of E-procurement must incorporate issues of organisational culture and learning. The study offers valuable insights concerning organisational culture, organisational learning and e-procurement implementation.
  Keywords: E-procurement; Organizational culture; Organizational learning; Public sector; Structural Equation Modelling.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2025.10070414
   
  
• The Application of Artificial Intelligence in Engineering Education through the Lens of the Technology Acceptance Model  
  by Prasad Babu, Vanisri K, Murali Manohar B 
  Abstract: This study aims to establish a model to quantify the adoption of AI in relation to education and examines the integration of Artificial Intelligence in engineering education through the lens of the 'Technology Acceptance Model' (TAM), influence the attitude of the students towards use and the intention to use behaviour, in turn impacting the adoption of AI in education. Through analysing 308 university students, the present study followed quantitative data collection along with analysis procedures. Therefore, the responses of students were grouped into five testing constructs and evaluated to understand their adoption influence. Accordingly, data were subsequently quantitatively analysed utilizing Structure Equation Modelling (SEM). The findings revealed that perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use were important determinants of the attitude of students towards use and behavioural intention to use AI, and the attitude of students towards use and behavioural intention to use AI was also positively significant.
  Keywords: Artificial intelligence; AI Adoption; Technology Acceptance Model (TAM); Empirical Study; higher education.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2025.10070462
   
  
• Role of Human Capital Management in Successful Procurement 4.0 Operations: Case Study of the Bahrain Tender Board  
  by Sayed M. AlHashmi, Rashed Alzahmi 
  Abstract: This study investigates the critical role of human capital management in facilitating the transition to Procurement 4.0 within the Bahrain Tender Board (BTB). It examines the characteristics of “people” and strategic human resource management practices required for the successful implementation of a procure-to-pay public procurement system. Using an explanatory sequential mixed methods approach, incorporating both quantitative and qualitative data, the research identifies key factors necessary for effective Procurement 4.0 adoption, such as trusted leadership, engaged employees, and holistic talent management. The findings highlight improvement opportunities and propose actionable tools and models to address human capital gaps. The study emphasizes that a strategic partnership between HR and leadership is critical to achieving successful and sustainable Procurement 4.0 operations.
  Keywords: human capital management; digital transformation; public procurement; Procurement 4.0; procure-to-pay; system implementation services; strategy; leadership; People 4.0; HRM 4.0.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2025.10070463
   
  
• A Proposed Prototype Application of Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) for Competent Bidder Selection  
  by Mangesh Kapote, Sunil Pimplikar, Abhishek Beede 
  Abstract: Bidder selection is critical in construction contracts. When multiple criteria and alternatives exist, pairwise comparisons become time-consuming and complex. Inconsistent decisions require re-evaluation, limiting analytical hierarchy process’s (AHP) practical use for large datasets. This study presents a prototype application for executing an AHP model on personal computers using user-friendly web technologies like ReactJS, React-Redux, and Tailwind CSS (Cascading Style Sheets). The application was tested on a road project in Maharashtra, India. To assess the AHP model, data from four bidders were expanded using Monte Carlo Simulation (MCS), generating 45 additional bidders. The dataset was divided into five groups, with the top bidder from each selected for final analysis. The prototype streamlines bidder selection, improves decision accuracy, and minimizes biases. It enables clients to conduct thorough evaluations, ensuring the most qualified bidder is chosen, thereby reducing project failure risks due to poor selection.
  Keywords: Analytical hierarchy process; bidder selection; MCDM techniques; pre-qualification; prototype application.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2025.10070479
   
  
• Gamification of HRM and green behaviour: understanding the relationship between Reciprocal benefits and Engagement  
  by Vanisri Katta, Prabir Chandra Padhy 
  Abstract: The study aims to identify the impact of gamification of HRM system on green behaviour and explains how gamification will engage and motivate employees behaviour towards environmental aspects has become one of the main organisational strategic goals. This study has contributed the flow theory in the context to the impact of gamification of HR system on attaining green behaviour. This study was collected from 228 HR managers of different service industry that are IT, hospitality and healthcare that executed social engagement and motivational systems to leverage eco-friendly behaviour. Structural equation modelling using Smart PLS 3.0 was used for the analysis and the findings suggests that there is a meaningful difference between gamification HRM and green behaviour and reciprocal benefits and engagement mediates positively between both gamification HRM and green behaviour. This study revealed important drivers of gamification of HR systems (perceived enjoyment, recognition and motivation) which led to provide reciprocal benefits and higher degree of job engagement and also provides vitals insights for both theory and practices for the betterment of the organisation.
  Keywords: gamification; green behaviour; employee engagement; reciprocal benefits.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2024.10070567
   
  
• Effect of learning and forgetting on an inventory model with imperfect manufacturing under inflation  
  by Surendra Vikram Singh Padiyar, Shiv Raj Singh, Vipin Kuraie, Naveen Bhagat, Umesh Kumari, Ummeferva Zaidi  
  Abstract: This paper considers a production inventory model for deteriorating items with an imperfect production process under the effect of learning and forgetting. Learning is the process of improving the performance of a system engaged in a repetitive task over time, while the process of forgetting involves rearranging or deleting systematic knowledge. The concept of learning and forgetting is best fitted in many real-life situations such as the automotive industry, stabilizer industry, etc. This paper assumes that production cost, inspection cost, deterioration cost and rework cost follow the learning effect while inventory setup cost follows the learning and forgetting effect. Inflation is also considered in this model. Production rate is taken as a constant, and shortage is not taken in this model. Finally, numerical examples along with sensitivity analysis are presented to illustrate the proposed inventory model.
  Keywords: imperfect production; inflation; deterioration; learning; forgetting.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2025.10070569
   
  
• Critical factors driving purchasing intention on TikTok live-stream platform: insights from Vietnam  
  by Huong Giang Mai, Thu Hien Le, Thi Due Nhi Phung 
  Abstract: TikTok Live Shopping which features that integrates live video streaming with ecommerce, has been growing rapidly during and after the Covid-19 pandemic in Vietnam. The purpose of the research is to examine the factors affecting purchase intention on TikTok Live Shopping including: (1) Technical conditions, (2) Influencer trends, (3) Size preference driven by scarcity psychology, and (4) Perceived risk. This study proposes a research model based on a theoretical framework of online purchase intention, incorporating elements from the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA), and e-Commerce Adoption Model (e-CAM). The findings reveal that scarcity-based stimuli and the 4P Marketing mix positively impact purchase intention, whereas risk perception has a negative effect on purchase intention in TikTok Live Shopping. Subsequently, recommendations are made to the government and businesses to foster the growth of TikTok Live Shopping in particlar and live streaming commerce in general.
  Keywords: live streaming commerce; TikTok Live Shopping; purchase intention; livestream.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2024.10070584
   
  
• Procurement practices and gender disparities: analysing the impact of trust, risk, return and sustainability on investment decisions in the Indian stock markets  
  by S.N.Bharathi Rukshena, Mohd Afjal 
  Abstract: This study examines the impact of gender and income on sustainable investment decisions and responsible procurement practices among stock market investors in India. Utilising data from 416 prospective investors, the research employs the partial least squares method to analyse how gender and the proportion of income allocated to stocks influence investors' attitudes and intentions. The findings highlight the significance of investors attitudes, perceived trust, financial risk, returns, literacy, and sustainability concerns in shaping investment intentions and responsible procurement behaviours. The study reveals that both gender and income levels moderate these relationships. Practically, it suggests that brokerage firms can enhance trust among new and intermediate investors through sustainable investment strategies and financial education, thereby boosting their confidence and influencing their investment and procurement decisions. The research uniquely contributes to understanding the limited direct role of perceived trust in investment intentions, underscoring the importance of profitability considerations in investment decisions.
  Keywords: investment intention; investors’ attitude; perceived trust; perceived financial risk; perceived return; financial literacy; gender; income invested; TPB; empirical study; India.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2025.10070585
   
  
• Regulating conflicts of interest in public procurement: the cases of Egypt and the United Arab Emirates  
  by Karem Sayed Mohamed Elsayed Aboelazm  
  Abstract: This study addresses the concept of conflict of interest and distinguishes between it, corruption, and conflict of duties. This study also clarifies cases of conflicts of interest in public procurement mutating into corruption. In addition to a statement of the risks of conflicts of interest in the various stages of public procurement, this study used the descriptive method to describe and analyse the concept of conflict of interest and the difference between it and corruption and conflict of tasks. The analytical method was also used to explore the relationship between public procurement and conflict of interest and to identify cases of conflicts of interest and the mechanism for preventing their transformation into the crime of corruption. The comparative approach was also used to compare the Egyptian and UAE constitutions and laws in dealing with conflicts of interest in public procurement.
  Keywords: conflict of interest; corruption; conflict of duties; public procurement; integrity; Egypt; United Arab Emirates.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2025.10070622
   
  
• Impact of electronic human resource practices on job performance: organisational culture as a mediating variable  
  by Abdullah Al-Adamat, Nancy Shamaylah, Rafi Al-Rwaidan, Yasmin Mustafa, Mohammad Almaaitah 
  Abstract: The study investigates the effect of Electronic Human Resource Management (e-HRM) practices on job performance through organisational culture as a mediator focusing on public universities in Jordan. Employing a descriptive, explanatory, and predictive research design, the study utilizes non-random sampling across scientific and administrative staff. The results indicate that e-HRM practices substantially impact job performance and organizational culture, such that the influence of e-HRM practices on job performance is mediated by organizational culture. More precisely, the research underscores the contribution of e-recruitment, e-training, e-communication, and e-performance appraisal in developing employee capacity and managerial performance. The moderating impact of organisational culture is also examined, where an open and trusting cultural framework further enhances the positive effects of e-HRM practices. Our findings indicate that e-HRM practices contribute to individual performance by enhancing job performance and promoting organisational collaboration, thereby moderating the relationship between job and organisational performance.
  Keywords: electronic human resource management; e-HRM; organisational culture; job performance; public universities; Jordan.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2025.10070623
   
  
• Impulsive Purchasing Habits at the Height of the COVID-19 Pandemic  
  by Alan D. Smith  
  Abstract: Whimsical purchase decisions and impulsivity are traditionally triggered by emotions and feelings that social media and web-based promotions take advantage of, even during the height of the COVID-19 pandemic. While a number of researchers have identified what major influences individuals to impulse buy, this research was conducted to see the connections between various demographics and impulse buying. Based on a sample (n = 711) and using exploratory research and stepwise regression, a number of trends were found that differentiated age, gender, employment and disposable income levels, and the element associated with the thrill/excitement associated with impulsivity. Although females typically higher have levels of impulsively purchase online, the global pandemic may have reversed some of those trends. Although men cited greater buyer's remorse and more careful planning, females were more included to be bargain hunters and price conscious.
  Keywords: advertisements; buyer’s regret; consumer behavior; COVID-19 pandemic; demographics; empirical; ethical issues; impulse buying; PCA; social media.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2025.10070846
   
  
• Systemic Evolution of India's Circular Economy: Digital Transition, Emerging Themes and Future Directions  
  by ShivamKrishn Agrawal, Vijay Kumar Jain, Hemraj Verma 
  Abstract: Analysing 229 papers published between 2019 and 2025 from Scopus database, this subsequent bibliometric study looks at the development of circular economy (CE) and circular business model (CBM) research in India. Using cutting-edge bibliometric techniques including VOSviewer and Bibliometrix, the paper reveals notable trends, major scholarly contributions, and developing themes. Results show a significant rise in publications after 2021, so underlining India's growing attention on sustainable-oriented economic models. While noting important shortcomings in circular product-service systems and reverse logistics, the study emphasises fundamental themes including supply chain management, sustainability, and waste management. The results highlight CE practices' adoption of technology and a changing focus towards datadriven decision-making. This paper compiles scattered research in the Indian setting and offers insightful analysis to scholars, legislators, and business leaders. It provides a framework for next studies and policy initiatives aiming at encouraging sustainable economic transitions in India.
  Keywords: Resource Efficiency; Circular Economy; Circular Business Model; Bibliometric; Sustainability; Innovation Management.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2025.10070856
   
  
• An Inventory Model for Non-Perishable Items in a Two-Warehouse System with Price and Time-Dependent Demand Under Dynamic Pricing Strategy  
  by Paras Shingadiya, Chetansinh R. Vaghela, Sagar R. Khirsariya, Khanjan Trivedi 
  Abstract: The integrated concept for two warehouses to manage inventory of non immediately deteriorating items with dynamic pricing is examined in this article. One warehouse is thought to belong to an own, and the other is considered to be rented out. In the demand model, we consider the influence of price changes to evolve the solution of dynamic nature. The selling price, and discount rate are also investigated as time dependent functions. Weibull deterioration is used to describe how an item degrades. Time influences the holding cost. The objective of the research is finding the proper inventory to maximize an overall profit. We constructed an algorithm to find the best result of this specified problem. Numerical examples are used to illustrate the solution, and sensitivity study as a key parameter is also provided.
  Keywords: Inventory; Deteriorating items; Dynamic selling price; Non-instantaneous deterioration; Dynamic holding cost.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2025.10070914
   
  
• Acquiescence and Adoption of Electronic Government Procurement: Exploring the Mediating Role of Organisational Willingness and Readiness  
  by Mordecai Matto, Magoti Harun 
  Abstract: Using a Tanzanian case, this study investigates the mediating effect of organisational willingness and readiness on the public sectors acquiescence and adoption of electronic government procurement (eGP). The study adopts an exploratory sequential mixed-method approach in data collection. The data analytical technique was performed using thematic and partial least squares structural equation modelling with the help of SmartPLS 4 software. The findings of this study revealed that both organisational readiness and willingness positively mediate the relationship between acquiescence and adoption of the eGP. Similarly, the study also establishes that organisational readiness and willingness are positively related to adopting an eGP. The study stresses that policymakers should continue providing support, including capacity-building training to bidders, to increase their participation in public procurement opportunities.
  Keywords: e-procurement; e-government procurement; procurement compliance; organisational willingness; organisational readiness.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2025.10070947
   
  
• Product Trial Attitude Impact on Purchase Intention: a Study among Gen Z Gender Differences  
  by Moulika Katta, Mahendar Goli, Vandana Vemuri, Seema Nazneen 
  Abstract: Numerous foundational studies have investigated customers' attitudes toward trial and their intentions to make purchases. Nonetheless, research on Generation Z consumers regarding their trial attitudes and intention buy online in cosmetics sector is relatively scarce. Hence, the current study tries exploring the factors influencing product trial attitude and purchase intention in this segment. The research model comprised seven factors which were tested empirically. In addition, moderating effect of gender was tested. The study revealed that price, perceived interactivity, online reviews had a positive impact on product trial attitude. Conversely promotion had shown negative impact on product trial attitude. The influence of attitude towards product trials on purchase intention is more pronounced among female customers compared to their male counterparts. Ultimately, the study presents significant insights for both scholars and practitioners.
  Keywords: price; perceived interactivity; online reviews; promotion; perceived product quality; product trial attitude; purchase intention; generation Z.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2025.10071063
   
  
• Optimizing Multi-Level Production Model with Diverse Production Rates under Inflationary Pressures and Shortage  
  by Sachin Kumar Verma  
  Abstract: The present research report focuses on an inventory model, specifically a production model, grounded in several astute assumptions that significantly enhance its effectiveness. By skilfully combining inventory and manufacturing management strategies within an inflationary economic context, the model achieves a greater level of credibility. This model assumes a multilevel production structure with varying production and demand rates, both of which are considered to be time-dependent exponential functions. Throughout the cycle, a constant deterioration rate is assumed. The inventory also experiences stock out situations following the production process. A numerical example illustrates a mathematical technique aimed at optimising the inventory cost function. Sensitivity analysis is conducted to further validate the model. The model's reliability is confirmed through verification. Mathematica-11 is utilised to determine the optimal solution.
  Keywords: Inventory Management; Production Management; Inflation; Exponential Demand; Variable Production Rate; Supply Chain Optimisation.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2024.10071116
   
  
• Analysis of Deterioration with Greening Efforts, Inflation under Quadratic Time-Price Dependent Demand and Preservation Technology  
  by Monika Naik 
  Abstract: The perishable goods industry is greatly impacted by factors like shelf life, product greening, and economic forces such as inflation, which drives up prices and affects inventory management. To optimize profitability, it is crucial to maintain product freshness and extend shelf life through effective preservation techniques. This article explores how pricing, replenishment timing, and investments in greening efforts can maximize retailer profits, especially under inflationary pressures and product deterioration. A mathematical model of the inventory system was developed, validated through numerical analysis, and optimized using classical methods. Sensitivity analysis revealed that while inflation reduces total profit, strategic investments in greening and preservation extend shelf life, ultimately boosting profits. The paper provides practical managerial insights and highlights areas for future research in perishable goods inventory management, emphasizing the importance of balancing cost, freshness, and environmental sustainability to drive financial success.
  Keywords: inventory; deterioration; perishable product; greening efforts; inflation; time-price-greening efforts dependent demand; preservation.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2025.10071121
   
  
• Procurement and Brand Gestalt Synergy: a Pathway to Enhancing Patient Satisfaction and Loyalty in Healthcare  
  by Keerthiga Sekar, Naga Venkata Raghuram J 
  Abstract: The Indian healthcare industry becomes increasingly competitive, and understanding the factors influencing patients' decisions to return to a hospital is crucial for sustainable growth This study aims to investigate the impact of brand gestalt on revisit intention with the mediating effect of value co- creation, patient satisfaction, trust, patient loyalty in the context of Indian hospitals. The quantitative data was collected from 430 patients through structured questionnaire survey. This study employed SPSS for descriptive statistical analysis and SMART PLS 4 for hypothesis testing and IPMA analysis. The results indicate that brand gestalt positively impacts revisit intention, with value co-creation, patient satisfaction, trust, and patient loyalty acting as significant mediators in this process. These findings suggest that hospitals should focus on building a strong brand gestalt through effective value co- creation, ensuring patient satisfaction, and cultivating trust and loyalty to enhance patient retention. This study offers valuable insights for hospital administrators and marketers aiming to improve patient retention strategies.
  Keywords: Brand gestalt; Revisit intention; value co-creation; patient satisfaction; trust; patient loyalty; Indian hospitals.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2025.10071231
   
  
• The Role of Complexity in the Decision to Centralise Public Procurement: a Case Study in the Brazilian Federal Government  
  by Waldemiro Francisco Sorte Junior 
  Abstract: This paper argues that complexities in some stages of the procurement process may have a greater influence on the decision to centralise a public bidding and proposes a classification of procurement complexity into four categories. A literature review was undertaken to summarise the existing research on Procurement Complexity and the advantages of Centralized Procurement. Moreover, this study empirically assesses the impact of complexity on a centralised bidding conducted by the Brazilian Government, through a case study involving a centralised procurement process for software development services. A deeper understanding of the interplay between procurement complexity and centralised procurement can provide insights into the decision to either centralise or decentralise an acquisition process and help promote a more efficient use of public funds, while reducing the risk of wasting time, financial resources, and human capital.
  Keywords: Brazil; complexity; centralized public procurement; one-stage tendering procedure.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2025.10071247
   
  
• Corporate Social Responsibility and Firm Performance: Evidence of the Moderating Role of Corporate Governance in Vietnam  
  by Minh Hang Nguyen, Liew Chee Yoong, Trung Bao 
  Abstract: This study explores the moderating role of corporate governance in the relationship between corporate social responsibility (CSR) and firm performance in listed manufacturing companies in Vietnam. Drawing on agency theory, institutional theory, and resource dependence theory and employing a quantitative approach using the Feasible Generalised Least Squares (FGLS) method, this study demonstrates that blockholders, board size, gender diversity, and CEO duality significantly characterise corporate governance and influence the effect of CSR on firm performance. This research underscores the pivotal role of blockholders in enhancing CSR initiatives to boost the business performance of listed companies.
  Keywords: CSR; firm performance; manufacturing companies; Vietnam.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2025.10071280
   
  
• Sustainable Procurement in Hotel SMEs: Mapping Trends through TCCM and Bibliometric Approaches  
  by Manigandan R. 
  Abstract: The purpose of the article is to present a state-of-the-art literature review and emerging trends in hotel benchmarking SMEs through a bibliometric view. The TCCM framework analysis provides theory context methods in this area. A sample of 147 studies was taken from the Scopus database to explore research activities to be undertaken on the subject. This review yielded 147 articles published between 1992 to 2024. The study uses Vos viewer software for citation analysis, keyword analysis, and an R-studio package for the thematic evolution of the study. The findings demonstrate that the highest number of publications is in 2021, the authors annual scientific production from 2024, the highest country network structure from Spain, and the most prominent keyword is the hotel industry and digitalisation, SMEs. Bibliographic coupling and trend topics are mentioned. The study identified four major themes. Insight from this study is to provide strategies to implement innovative methods in this industry, and policymakers to take the right direction to implement new methods.
  Keywords: Benchmarking; Hotel SMES; TCCM framework analysis; citation analysis; multidimensional scaling; conceptual structure map; content analysis.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2025.10071529
   
  
• Supplier Interrelationships in Project-Based Contexts: a Review and Conceptual Framework  
  by Yichen Sun, Vitrano Gaia, Mariani Costanza, Guido J.L. Micheli, Mancini Mauro 
  Abstract: Supplier interrelationships (SIs) in project-based contexts hold the potential to enhance project outcome, business performance, and supply chain efficiency yet remain underexplored and fragmented in current research. To capture existing knowledge, this study adopts a systematic literature review to analyse the state-of-the-art and identify key constructs and their interconnections. Through descriptive and thematic analysis, a conceptual framework is developed, outlining propositions and future research directions. Findings indicate that SI in project-based contexts is in its early stages of theoretical development, yet it offers substantial opportunities for enhancing outcomes. The reviewed studies span various project contexts, highlighting that SI varies across different settings. Current research focuses on four aspects: motivators, nature, outcomes, and influencing factors, while also addressing the SI evolution and dynamics. This study contributes to the theoretical understanding by bridging fragmented research through the proposed framework and provides practical insights for managing SIs across industries by identifying key constructs.
  Keywords: supplier interrelationships; project-based contexts; systematic literature review; conceptual framework; project management; procurement; supply management.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2025.10071539
   
  
• A Green Inventory Model Leveraging Postponement Strategy with Advance Payment  
  by Sakthisree Periyasamy, Geetha Krithivasan 
  Abstract: In this study, we introduce an inventory framework for products subject to non-instantaneous degradation, partially backlogged shortages and an advance payment policy for retailers. The model integrates investment in green technology to mitigate emissions of carbon from transportation. In addition, postponement strategy is also employed to optimise efficiency, reduce inventory costs, and improve customer satisfaction by delaying certain processes until demand becomes more certain. A solution methodology is proposed to determine the optimal cycle length, time at which shortages begin, and the minimum total expenses for procuring and maintaining n-finished items in both postponement and independent systems. Our inventory model is calibrated through numerical illustrations and sensitivity analysis is conducted on key parameters. This work intends to minimise overall inventory cost and to mitigate carbon emissions by embedding green technology into postponement system and independent systems under an advance payment scheme.
  Keywords: Inventory; non instantaneous degradation; postponement strategy; advance payment; green technology; carbon emission.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2025.10071594
   
  
• Role Stressor and Reduced Audit Quality Practices: an Exploration of the Mediating Role of Job Stress  
  by Mohd Nazli Mohd Nor, Roshaiza Binti Taha, Waleed M. Alahdal, Abdul Hafaz Ngah, Saiyidi Mat Roni, Salihin Abang 
  Abstract: The impact of role stressors, job stress, and reduced audit quality practices (RAQP) on the quality of financial auditing is investigated in this study. Role stressors are exemplified by role conflict, role ambiguity, and role overload. Data was obtained through a mail survey to Malaysian auditors and analysis was conducted based on a theoretical model of two-level job stress outcome employing Smart Partial least Square (PLS). The findings indicated that role overload and role conflict were found to be positively correlated with job stress, however the only factor found to be positively correlated with RAQP was role conflict. Additionally, there is a significant relationship between job stress and RAQP. Furthermore, the association between role conflict and RAQP is considerably strengthened by job stress. The findings also demonstrate the prominence role of RAQP in describing the audit quality issues. Although there are limitations to this study because it was difficult to get auditors to agree to participate, the results obtain are relevant to conform the findings from prior studies on the nexus between role stressors, job stress, and RAQP. This studys conclusions provide a convincing argument for auditors on the possibilities of job stress relating to the nature of work in this field.
  Keywords: Audit Quality; Job Stress; Role Stressor; Reduced Audit Quality Practices; Auditor.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2025.10071625
   
  
• AI Software in Supplier Search and its Impact on Global Procurement Strategies  
  by Nils Brehme, Nils Thomas Finger 
  Abstract: The study researches the impact of Artificial Intelligence (AI) software on supplier search processes and its implications for global procurement strategies. Conventionally applied methods, mainly internet research and trade-fair attendance, are limited and resource-consuming. Via qualitative content analysis of expert interviews, this study identifies key problems and opportunities arising from AI-integration in supplier search processes. The findings proof that AI can enhance supplier portfolios and decision-making speed and support supply chain resilience and cost reductions. But a successful adoption depends on organisational readiness, sufficient data quality and effective human-AI collaboration. This study grants insights into how AI solutions can transform procurement practices, resulting in both operational and strategic benefits. Also, it supports practitioners in the necessary digital procurement transformation by highlighting critical factors for implementation success. Finally, it contributes to the academic discourse and emphasises further research need on further optimising AI-supported supplier search in today's volatile market environments.
  Keywords: AI; supplier-search; procurement optimisation; procurement strategy; procurement innovation; AI-software; procurement digitalization; procurement processes; global sourcing; supply chain resilience.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2025.10071664
   
  
• The Effect of Environmental, Social, and Governance on Corporate Debt: the Mediating Role of Information Asymmetry and Insights from the Natural Language Processing Approach  
  by Bui Thu Hien, Thu Anh Trinh, Nhung Ha Phuong Vu, Linh Thi Thuy Pham, Thanh Nhat Le, Cuong Xuan Trinh 
  Abstract: Using a sample of Vietnamese-listed firms over the period 20182022, this paper examines the effect of environmental, social, and governance (ESG) scores on the debt structure of Vietnamese-listed firms. A natural language processing framework is constructed to quantify firm-level ESG engagements using textual data from sustainability and annual reports. This research finds that companies involved with better ESG practices tend to have a debt structure that is more public (bond issuance) than private (bank loans). Information asymmetry is found to mediate the relationship between ESG scores and debt structure. While the social and governance pillars show significant associations with corporate debt restructuring, the environmental pillar does not. The paper highlights the important role of ESG scores in influencing firm debt structure, which contributes to investors and stakeholders understanding of sustainable financing in an emerging market.
  Keywords: ESG scoring; ESG performance; corporate debt structure; private debt; public debt; bank debt; bond debt; information asymmetry; leverage ratio; natural language processing.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2025.10071678
   
  
• Harnessing Machine Learning for Enhanced Customer Relationship Management and Performance Optimisation in Retail Firms  
  by Kingsley Ibe Uche  
  Abstract: This study explores the potential of machine learning (ML) to enhance customer relationship management (CRM) and overall performance in retail firms, focusing on customer satisfaction, inventory management, and profitability. A quantitative analysis was conducted with data from 40 business analysts in UAE retail firms, using statistical techniques such as regression and correlation. Findings reveal that ML enables firms to identify consumer needs, predict purchase behaviours, and personalise services, boosting customer satisfaction and operational efficiency. Additionally, ML optimises inventory management and reduces non-essential tasks, leading to increased profitability. A majority (95%) of participants confirmed the importance of ML in improving CRM and business performance, including revenue and footfall. However, the study's focus on UAE limits its broader applicability, highlighting the need for further research across diverse regions. Retail leaders are encouraged to adopt ML technology to enhance customer understanding, streamline operations, and achieve sustained growth and competitiveness.
  Keywords: Machine learning; customer relationship management; retail industry; consumer behaviour; inventory management; operational efficiency; personalized services; business performance; profiability ?.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2025.10071680
   
  
• Factors Influencing Real Estate Purchase Decision in Vietnam under Mediator and Moderator Factors  
  by Thi Thanh Chau Nguyen  
  Abstract: This research examines the factors that affect residents' decision to buy real estate in Vietnam, focusing on the mediating role of purchase intention. Data was gathered from a cross-sectional survey of 279 Vietnamese residents and analysed using partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM). Utilising the theories of reasoned action (TRA) and planned behaviour (TPB), the study found that perceived risk, attitude, subjective norms, and perceived behavioural control significantly influence purchase decisions through the intervention of purchase intention. Additionally, the research adds to the literature by providing empirical evidence that geographical location moderates and strengthens the impact of purchase intention on the decision to purchase real estate in Vietnam.
  Keywords: geographical location; purchase intention; purchase decision; real estate; Vietnam.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2025.10071719
   
  
• Analysis of Fuzzy Multi Echelon Inventory Model with Inflation  
  by S. V. Singh Padiyar, Neha Punetha, Poonam Miyan, Krati Jain 
  Abstract: A supply chain networks with the effects of perishability, uncertainty and inflation, as well as time-dependent demand is studied. It is possible that due to various incidents during the production, some mistakes may occur in the process of manufacturing, and defective goods may be produced. Due to raised uncertainties of demand, the related parameters are considered to follow fuzziness. Since production is depending on the demand, therefore, the production rate is also affected by uncertainties. In order to include this effect, the production related parameter is also taken in form of triangular fuzzy number. Incorporating these factors, the model is formulated using graded mean representation to de-fuzzify the total cost function. To implement and understand the model in real life, it is very important to see it numerically, therefore sensitivity analysis for this model has been done with numerical example.
  Keywords: Supply chain; deteriorating item; inflation; imperfect production; graded mean representation method.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2025.10071720
   
  
• Analysing Business Strategies with Halal Supply Chain Management (HSCM) and Supply Chain Operations Reference (SCOR) Models: a Qualitative Study  
  by Handriyono Handriyono, Anisa Rahmah, Arnis Susanto, Intan Nurul Awwaliyah 
  Abstract: This research aims to analysed the business strategy implemented in the supply chain using halal supply chain management (HSCM) and supply chain operations reference (SCOR) models, driven by Indonesia's large Muslim population and the launch of the Indonesian Halal Industry Master Plan (MPIHI). Both models are used to determine the halal integrity carried out in the business supply chain to be used as a comparative lens. A qualitative descriptive analysis was conducted, involving interviews, observations, and documentation. Results showed that businesses implemented HSCM well but had suboptimal processes and four less-than-optimal SCOR key performance indicators (KPIs). These KPIs include; establish production plan cycle time, accuracy payment to suppliers, augmentation of production quantity, and capacity utilisation. This study contributes to understanding HSCM implementation in Indonesia and highlights the importance of halal compliance and operational efficiency.
  Keywords: Supply Chain; Halal Supply Chain Management (HSCM); Supply Chain Operations Reference (SCOR).
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2024.10071804
   
  
• Transforming Economies: the Role of Circular Bioeconomy in Progressing Environmental Sustainability and Social Inclusiveness for Long-Term Market Growth  
  by Vijay Kumar Jain, Shrish Singh, Aditi Dahiya, Dr. Ravi Ranjan, Shipra Agarwal, Preeti Sharma 
  Abstract: Our current economic system has contributed to social inequality and the loss of nature to such an extent that it threatens the stability of our economies and societies and could even be the cause of the collapse of civilisation. This necessitates a shift to a new economic system and forces us to find new ways of producing and consuming in a world with limited resources. Therefore, the main objective of this paper is to apply a fuzzy DEMTALE technique to identify the key drivers of the bio-circular economy and to determine cause-effect relationships between the identified drivers. After a review of the literature and discussions with experts, sixteen drivers were identified for this study. The cause-effect diagram analyses the decisive factors and their causal relationships. Promoting the business environment (C7), market incentives (C14) and stakeholders (C12) were found to be the most important factors. The results offer policy makers an alternative approach for a paradigm shift towards a regenerative and harmonious interaction between humanity and the natural world and provide a roadmap for a successful and sustainable future.
  Keywords: bio waste valorisation; supply chain intervention; resilience; social inclusion; bio-based products.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2025.10071962
   
  
• Can Knowledge Management Capability Spur SMEs' Sustainable Competitive Advantage? The Mediating Role of Organisational Agility  
  by Mohammed Abbod Humran, Muhammad Abi Sofian Abdul Halim, Azlin Ahmad 
  Abstract: Although knowledge management (KM) capability has garnered widespread attention, its linkage to sustainable competitive advantage (SCA) remains unclear. This may stem from the fact that the KM-SCA relationship depends on other complementary capabilities. Drawing on the hierarchy-of-capabilities perspective, this study examined the intervening roles of market capitalising agility (MarA) and operational adjustment agility (OprA). An empirical analysis using SmartPLS was conducted on survey data from 242 small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in Yemen’s manufacturing sector. Findings revealed that KM capability positively affects SMEs' SCA. Important to note that this relationship is partially mediated by MarA and OprA. The findings further revealed that SCA, which results from strengthening KM capability, can be realised through different agile responses. These findings offer valuable insights by illustrating the different mediating roles of MarA and OprA in the KM capability-SCA relationship; and highlight that the synergy arising from the interplay between capabilities of different orders can effectively generate SCA for SMEs.
  Keywords: Sustainable competitive advantage; KM capability; market capitalizing agility; operational adjustment agility; SMEs.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2025.10071993
   
  
• Luxury Brand Conglomerates Reporting on Sustainable Sourcing Practices: Window Dress to Impress?  
  by Wim Lambrechts, Donna Marshall, Hakan Karaosman, Ingrid Molderez, Kim Janssens, Pinar Ozuyar, Jason Mandels 
  Abstract: Sustainable purchasing and supply management is becoming increasingly important in globalized supply chains, more specifically due to regulatory initiatives such as the European Commission's Corporate Sustainability Due Diligence Directive. The decision to move production processes across the globe has caused lack of visibility and the risk of unsustainable and unethical behaviour. Although known as purveyors of exquisite and unique products, luxury brands have not escaped accusations of unsustainable and unethical sourcing practices. Through a qualitative thematic report analysis, this study focuses on how luxury brand conglomerates disclose sustainable purchasing and supply management practices in their sustainability reports, and whether sustainability is recontextualized to fit their (luxury) narrative. The research found that these firms frame the concept of sustainability to match their narrative with specific focus on legitimacy and competitive advantage, but decouple from luxury value. Furthermore, in recontextualising sustainability, issues of ethical sourcing and responsibility are largely ignored.
  Keywords: Sustainable Supply Management; Sustainability Reporting; Ethical Sourcing; Sustainable Sourcing; Luxury Value.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2025.10072113
   
  
• The Digital Spine of Circular Industry: Modelling AI and Industry 4.0 Enablers for Sustainable Innovation  
  by ShivamKrishn Agrawal 
  Abstract: This study investigates the integration of advanced digital technologies to facilitate the transition toward a Circular Economy (CE) in the context of Industry 4.0. Addressing a gap in existing literature, it identifies and models the interrelationships among twelve critical technological enablers using a hybrid methodology that combines Interpretive Structural Modelling (ISM) and Cross-Impact Matrix Multiplication Applied to Classification (MICMAC). Data collected from 30 domain experts inform a five-level hierarchical structure of enablers and their classification based on driving and dependence power. Foundational technologies workforce digital literacy, advanced robotics, and smart sensors emerge as critical high-driving enablers. In contrast, digital twins, machine learning, and augmented reality are highly dependent, indicating their reliance on established digital infrastructures. The study presents a strategic framework to guide prioritisation and sequencing of technological interventions. It emphasises the imperative of reinforcing digital infrastructure and human capital to achieve a resilient, scalable, and sustainable industrial paradigm in the circular economy transition.
  Keywords: Keywords: Circular Economy (CE); Industry 4.0; Machine Learning; Internet of Things (IoT); Artificial Intelligence.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2025.10072153
   
  
• Modified Green Perceived Value (GPV) Model in Understanding Consumers' Purchase Intentions of Green Food Products  
  by Naseem Ahmad, Mehfooz Zaki, Mohammed Afzal, Fahad . 
  Abstract: The present work explores consumer attitudes and purchase intentions of green food products through the green perceived value (GPV) lens. Four GPVs (functional, conditional, social, and emotional values) were considered to assess the consumers' attitudes and purchase patterns of green food products in India's emerging economy. AMOS version 23.0 and SPSS version 22.0 were used to analyse the collected data, and 398 valid responses were used for analysis and hypothesis testing. The study results showed a positive relationship between GPV constructs and the consumers' attitudes toward green food products. Also, the SEM results showed the importance of green practices in forming positive consumer attitudes. Furthermore, consumers' attitudes and green practices positively influenced their purchase intentions regarding green food products. The study results suggest several implications for future research and marketing strategies in consumers' purchasing behaviour concerning green food products for emerging markets like India.
  Keywords: Green behaviour; Green consumer; Consumer Studies; Green consumer behaviour; Consumer marketing.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2025.10072192
   
  
• Governance of Major Sporting Events: An Analysis of the Public Tender Processes for the 'Alicante Starting Port of The Ocean Race' in the 2017 and 2023 Editions  
  by Carlos Garulo Ramon, Juan Antonio Sánchez Sáez 
  Abstract: This study analyzes the public tender process conducted by the regional government for the management of the "Alicante, Starting Port of The Ocean Race" event in its 2017 and 2023 editions. The objective is to identify the main factors that influenced the awarding of the contract to a specific company. A documentary and comparative analysis was performed using data obtained from the Spanish State Contracting Platform. The findings reveal that most of the budget was allocated to infrastructure and logistics. Additionally, both editions had similar overall budgets, and the procurement process resulted in savings of more than 10% of the initial estimated budget.
  Keywords: call for tenders; public procurement; public administration; outsourcing; sport governance; major sport events; The Ocean Race.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2025.10072207
   
  
• Sustainable Choices in Procurement: the Influence of Green Beliefs and Social Norms on Green Consumption, Moderated by Emotional Intelligence  
  by Jenifer Arokia Selvi A, Karthikeyan M, Geetha Mohan, Vasumathi Palaniswamy 
  Abstract: Drawing upon Theory of planned behaviour and value belief norms theory, the study investigates the mediating influence of green purchase intention and the moderating impact of emotional intelligence on the relationship between intention and behaviour Data were collected from 311 consumers in urban areas of South India using a structured questionnaire and analysed with structural equation modelling (SEM) The results indicate that green attitude, green value, green belief, and subjective norm significantly affect green purchasing intention, which subsequently positively impacts green consuming behaviour Emotional intelligence significantly moderates the association between green purchase intention and green consumption behaviour, indicating that persons with elevated emotional intelligence are more inclined to convert their intentions into tangible sustainable purchasing activities These findings highlight the significance of including emotional and cognitive elements in fostering environmentally responsible consumer behaviour The study enhances current material by providing a complete framework that elucidates how personal values and beliefs, societal norms, and emotional abilities synergistically influence pro-environmental behaviour.
  Keywords: Emotional Intelligence; Green Attitude; Green Value; Green Belief; Subject Norms; Intention; Green Consumption.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2025.10072301
   
  
• Can the Fashion Sector Take Advantage of Disruptive Technologies? The Case of AI and Blockchain  
  by Sarah Bouraga 
  Abstract: Over the past few months, headlines in the fashion press have been buzzing about two technologies: Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Blockchain. The fashion industry has recognized that these technologies could have a great impact on the sector. To some extent, they already have. Case in point, fashion labels are experimenting with AI-designed clothes and with blockchain-enabled NFTs. In this paper, we aim to provide a comprehensive and fine-grained overview of AI and Blockchain in the fashion value chain and identify future research directions. In order to reach these goals, we systematically collected and analyzed 151 papers. The result is a conceptual framework documenting the use of AI and/or Blockchain in the fashion sector. The practical and theoretical implications are twofold. Managers in the fashion industry will have actionable recommendations regarding the use of AI and/or blockchain. This work contributes to the literature and identifies future research directions for researchers.
  Keywords: Blockchain; Artificial Intelligence; Fashion; Conceptual Framework; Systematic Literature Review.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2025.10072302
   
  
• From inactive to proactive: examining social sustainability approaches and relational dynamics in procurement from a social capital perspective  
  by Jad El Bizri, Sven-Anders Stegare 
  Abstract: This study investigates how social sustainable procurement is characterised in terms of relational dynamics and its impact on social sustainability outcomes. Adopting qualitative research with a focus on the social capital lens, 21 semi-structured interviews with 30 respondents were conducted in the Swedish hospitality sector. Our findings point towards four distinct social sustainability approaches: inactive, reactive, active, and proactive. These approaches are influenced by the relational dynamics, encompassing dialogue, goal and cultural value congruence, and frequency of interaction. The study highlights the pivotal role of dialogue as a catalyst for transitioning from an inactive to a proactive approach. This research contributes to the development of a theoretical framework rooted in social capital theory, examining how relational dynamics influence the selection of social sustainability strategies. Furthermore, it provides valuable managerial insights, offering a social sustainability-procurement trajectory model that assists managers in assessing their strategic standing and guides them to specific improvements.
  Keywords: social sustainability; procurement; social capital; relational dynamics; Swedish hospitality.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2024.10065320
   
  
• Upstream decision to buy local products: how government role moderates the influence of product quality and capacity on intention to buy  
  by Widi Santuso, Mochammad Al Musadieq, Kadarisman Hidayat, Sunarti  
  Abstract: This research aims to test and analyse the effect of product quality and capacity on the intention and decision to buy local products with the government's role as a moderating variable. This study takes a quantitative approach by collecting data through questionnaires distributed directly to 90 companies and then analysing them using structural equation modelling (SEM). The research results showed that product quality and capacity significantly influenced the intention to buy local products and the decision to buy local products, and the intention to buy local products had a significant positive effect on the decision to buy local products. Meanwhile, the government's role significantly moderates the influence of product quality and capacity on the decision to buy local products. The research introduces a novel dimension by unveiling the significant moderating government role in shaping the impact of product quality and capacity on the decision to buy local products.
  Keywords: capacity; government role; intention to buy; local product purchase; product quality.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2024.10066062
   
  
• The association between procurement process, e-procurement deployment and procurement performance in an emerging economy  
  by Lomatey Toku, Abdul Samed Muntaka, Francis Kofi Andoh-Baidoo 
  Abstract: Electronic procurement is critical in the reduction of procurement irregularities and inefficiencies in organisations and institutions in order to enhance value for money in the procurement process. This research is to examine the relationships between procurement process, e-procurement deployment, and procurement performance using the institutional theory as a lens. The projected model was empirically verified using primary data collected from 309 Ghanaian public organisations obligated to use the Public Procurement Act in their procurement activities. Analysis of statistics was performed using the partial least square based structural equation modelling method. The study outcomes validate that both procurement process and eprocurement deployment have a positive significant relationship with procurement performance. Further, whilst procurement process has a positive effect on e-procurement deployment, e-procurement deployment has a complementary partial mediation role between procurement process and procurement performance. For theoretical contribution, this research extends the institutional theory into the procurement literature. For practice, the findings provide insight for government practitioners and regulatory bodies to institute policies and protocols that encourage e-procurement deployments to enhance the activities of the procurement systems.
  Keywords: procurement; e-procurement; procurement process; procurement performance; institutional theory; emerging economy; mediation.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2024.10068134
   
  
• E-procurement adoption impact on operational efficiency and performance of medium scale industries: pandemic perspective  
  by G. Bala Sendhil Kumar, C. Ganeshkumar, P. Victer Paul 
  Abstract: This paper analyses the impact of different factors on the adoption of e-procurement systems and detects the impact of the adoption of e-procurement on the operational efficiency and business performance of medium-scale industries. After a thorough investigation of the literature reviewed, the factors that facilitate the adoption of e-procurement were identified and the conceptual model was developed. The primary data was collected using a non-disguised and well-structured questionnaire from the executives in the production department of medium-scale industries that are using e-procurement. The sample size for this study is 432, the data collected is analysed using statistical packages of AMOS 20, and the conceptual model tested using structural equation modelling. This research study reveals that factors like organisational factors, technological factors, and supplier-related factors drive organisations to adopt e-procurement, and organisations using e-procurement enjoy better operational efficiency, which leads to an increase in overall business performance in the pandemic situation.
  Keywords: adoption; e-procurement; medium scale industries; operational efficiency performance.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2024.10066696
   
  
• Cost optimisation of single server retrial queue with standby server, extended vacation and delayed repair  
  by R. Poornima, K. Kirupa 
  Abstract: This paper analyses a steady-state queueing system with repeated attempts, coupled with a standby server during vacation periods. Clients arrive in batches according to a compound Poisson process. If the server is idle upon batch arrival, one client receives immediate service; the rest join the orbit. Otherwise, the entire batch joins the orbit. After each service completion, the server may take a vacation and may extend the vacation with a certain probability. During vacations of the main server, a standby server serves clients. The server is subject to breakdown at a random amount of time, and the repair starts after some delay. After repair, service resumes for interrupted clients. Using the supplementary variable method, the equilibrium condition of the system is derived, and the stochastic decomposition law is verified. The system's probabilities and performance metrics are obtained. The optimal standby rate is determined through cost analysis to minimise expenses for the proposed model.
  Keywords: batch arrival; Bernoulli extended vacation; standby server; random breakdown; delay repair; reserved time.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2024.10066371
   
  
• The antecedents of acceptance of halal food among non-Muslims in Ghana using the theory of planned behaviour and value-belief-norm theory  
  by Edward Markwei Martey 
  Abstract: This paper aims to examine the antecedents of acceptance of halal food among non-Muslims in Ghana using the extended theory of planned behaviour. The study employed a judgmental sampling method to collect primary responses from customers of halal food. Questionnaires were designed based on the constructs of TPB and VEN and were distributed to 463 respondents. The gathered data were analysed using partial least squares structural equation modelling to test the hypotheses developed through literature review. The results of the data analysis indicate that only trust in halal food moderated the relationship between personal value and acceptance of halal food. This research incorporated environmental beliefs, personal norms, personal values, and pro-environmental attitude as moderating variables on the constructs of TPB, with a specific focus on non-Muslims in Ghana.
  Keywords: halal food; HLF; acceptance; trust; availability; personal value; Ghana.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2024.10066135