International Journal of Power Electronics (10 papers in press)

Regular Issues

• Vibration reduction and intelligent control in SRM using optimised two stage commutation  
  by Veena Wilson, P.G. Latha , Neil Jose, B. Sandesh Bhaktha  
  Abstract: Switched reluctance motors (SRMs) have grown in popularity in a variety of industrial applications due to their inherent benefits such as high fault-tolerance, simplicity, affordability, and rare-earth free nature. However, the generation of undesirable vibrations due to radial force variations remains a significant challenge. Two stage commutation based on active vibration cancellation (AVC) is an effective method to reduce these vibrations. The focus of this paper is to address the major limitation with two stage commutation, namely the extended tail current causing increased copper loss. This is accomplished with optimal commutation parameters employing particle swarm optimisation (PSO) method. A MATLAB/Simulink model of SRM with vibration signal is developed and is used for demonstrating vibration cancellation. An intelligent control is also implemented which can track the dynamic changes in speed-load conditions. This paper showcases that this approach is an effective solution to reduce the vibrations issues in SRM, thereby improving the overall performance of the motor for industrial applications.
  Keywords: switched reluctance motor; SRM; active vibration cancellation; AVC; two stage commutation; particle swarm optimisation; PSO; artificial neural network; ANN.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPELEC.2025.10070331
   
  
• Design and evaluation of seven-level switched-capacitor boost multilevel inverter with nine switches and the triple voltage gain  
  by Rajiv Ranjan Sinha, Rajib Kumar Mandal 
  Abstract: A novel switched capacitor multilevel inverter (SCMLI) is introduced in this presented paper. There are several issues with the existing multilevel inverter (MLI) like its complicated structure, complex switching control, difficulty in generating the gate pulse, numerous components, and high voltage stress on the semiconductor switches. There is a noticeable rise in the quantity of semiconductor devices for generating the more number of levels. This increases complexity and expenses to the circuit, it can also reduce the reliability in certain situations. In planned topology a 7-level voltage waveform is created by using 9-switches, 1-diode and 2-capacitors. The planned topology has a voltage gain 3. The planned topology is simulated in MATLAB/SIMULINK and simulation result with different parameters is presented. Finally, the functioning and capability of the planned inverter to increase the input by a ratio of three are validated using experimental data on a laboratory prototype.
  Keywords: boosting factor; switched capacitor multilevel inverter; SCMLI; capacitor charging; H-bridge; switch pulse width modulation; SPWM.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPELEC.2025.10070469
   
  
• Design of a precision and programmable current source power supply for efficient microfluidic mixing process  
  by Ngoc-Viet Tran, Van-Toi Vo, Vy-Ngoc Do, Tan-Nhu Nguyen, Thanh-Qua Nguyen 
  Abstract: Microfluidic systems are essential for biomedical diagnostics, chemical synthesis, and environmental monitoring. However, achieving efficient mixing in microchannels is challenging due to the laminar flow. Traditional passive micromixing methods often lack control and efficiency. This study introduces an electromagnetic micromixer system to enhance mixing efficiency. The system employs two electromagnets on either side of the microchannel, where alternating magnetic fields generate lateral forces on magnetic particles, driving them toward higher magnetic field density. A microcontroller-based control unit manages the system, modulating current waveform parameters using DACs, Op-Amps, and MOSFETs. The program automatically adjusts the setups current value to ensure consistent performance by adding a coefficient when the MOSFETs temperature exceeds normal. Experimental validation demonstrated high accuracy in current control and consistent pulse width generation. The system can configure currents ranging from 1 mA to 15,000 mA, pulse widths from 5 μs to 65 ms, and delays from 5 μs to 65 ms. This micromixer shows excellent potential for precise mixing in microfluidic applications.
  Keywords: current source; microfluidic system; electromagnet; magnetic field; micromixer.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPELEC.2025.10070587
   
  
• Prediction of safety in autonomous vehicles using modified deep CNN-BiLSTM with attention mechanism  
  by Sophiya Bartalwar, Vijayalaxmi Biradar 
  Abstract: In the present world, the usages of autonomous cars are getting higher because of the emerging technology. These autonomous cars give freedom to the person those who are not able to drive. It can control the CO2 gas emission, avoid traffic and accidents and there are no attention issues like human in autonomous cars. However, the autonomous cars are not perfect because sometimes the autonomous cars face some issues while analysing the different human hand gesture, climatic conditions and road sign. To overcome this problem, the proposed model uses improved search ability-based genetic algorithm (GA) in feature selection to attain the best features from the dataset and to predict the drivers behaviour and car mechanism, the modified deep convolutional neural network (CNN) bidirectional long short term memory (BiLSTM) algorithm with attention mechanism (AM) is used. While analysing the performance of the proposed model with metrics such as precision, recall, and F1 that is obtained, the overall accuracy of 96% thereby significantly enhances the safety prediction in autonomous vehicles.
  Keywords: autonomous cars; improved search ability genetic algorithm; GA: CNN-LSTM; attention mechanism; AM.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPELEC.2025.10070657
   
  
• Advanced vector control for PMBLDC motors in light electric vehicles: performance comparison with conventional FOC  
  by Majhrul Israr, Paulson Samuel 
  Abstract: BLDC motors are gaining in popularity in lightweight EVs like two and three-wheelers in India due to their durability, reliability, and high starting torque. However, electromagnetic torque ripple remains a significant challenge. Reducing this ripple can be achieved by optimising and injecting currents with appropriate harmonic components into the motor windings. This paper presents a simplified vector control strategy using single IP speed controller and a hysteresis current controller to minimise torque ripple, achieve maximum torque-per-current ratio (MTPA), and enhance speed response. The speed controller gains KP and Ki are optimised using particle swarm optimisation (PSO) for improved steady-state and dynamic performance. A comparative analysis with the conventional three-PI controller-based field-oriented control (FOC) method is conducted. The Indian drive cycle (IDC) has been taken as a reference input for speed tracking performances. The proposed controller effectiveness in reducing torque ripple and enhancing speed tracking is validated through MATLAB/Simulink simulations.
  Keywords: hysteresis current controller; HCC; IP controller; light electric vehicle; permanent magnet brushless dc motor; PMBLDCM; vector control.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPELEC.2025.10070729
   
  
• Neural network observer-based fractional-order linear quadratic control of modular multilevel converter  
  by Vivek Patel 
  Abstract: The modular multilevel converter (MMC) has seen extensive application in the high-voltage sector. The MMC is composed of multiple similar submodules. To ensure optimal performance, the MMC must maintain voltage balance between its upper and lower capacitor arms while also suppressing alternating current components in the circulating current. This chapter proposes a novel approach for controlling MMCs using a neural network observer based fractional-order linear quadratic integral control techniques. By leveraging neural network observers, the system is able to estimate internal states, while the fractional-order control strategy ensures robust performance and enhanced stability in the face of varying operating conditions. The effectiveness of the proposed method is demonstrated through simulations (MATLAB 2023a), highlighting its ability to regulate key converter parameters such as load current, circulating current, and capacitor voltages. The simulation results shows the superior performance in comparison to other controller approach, particularly in scenarios with fluctuating supply voltage.
  Keywords: modular multilevel converter; MMC; neural network observer; fractional-order; time varying linear quadratic control.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPELEC.2025.10071103
   
  
• A modified nearest level control scheme for a double star chopper cell modular multilevel converter for operation at lower values of amplitude modulation index  
  by Rana Das, Irfan Ahmed 
  Abstract: This paper presents a modified nearest level control (NLC) technique for a double star chopper cell modular multilevel converter (MMC). There are two prominent NLC techniques available in the literature for the MMC, one where the rounding off is done between 0.5 levels, and the other where the rounding off is done between 0.25 levels. However, both of them suffer from a serious drawback that they are unable to generate an output voltage at lower values of the modulation index. This paper presents a modified NLC technique that is capable of generating a satisfactory output voltage for lower values of modulation index while maintaining an acceptable total harmonic distortion in the output voltage waveform where the conventional NLC techniques fail to do so. Simulation results for an MMC with four submodules per arm are presented to verify the proposed modified NLC technique.
  Keywords: power electronic circuits; modular multilevel converter; MMC; nearest level control; NLC.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPELEC.2025.10070650
   
  
• Modelling of an integrated grid-connected three-phase current source unidirectional buck battery charger for electric traction application  
  by Izuchukwu Nnanna Eze, Linus Uchechukwu Anih, Cosmas Uchenna Ogbuka 
  Abstract: The difficulty of accessing controlled fast battery charging station in some geographical areas for electric vehicles necessitates one of the ideas of integrated motor drive and battery charging unit. To integrate the charger into the traction motor, one of the stator windings of the split-phase interior permanent magnet synchronous motor is connected to three-phase utility supply while the second stator winding feeds the extra-provided power electronic charger circuit. To this end, a unique complex q-d analytical equational control is used to realise the pulse width modulation (PWM) instead of the traditional PWM method. Current source control technique is employed in the charger control structure in lieu of voltage source converter (VSC) control topology. The reduction in grid line current harmonic distortion is 69.6% compared to VSC topology. Transfer function is developed to calculate the current and voltage control system proportional integral parameters. MATLAB study confirms the efficacy of the configuration.
  Keywords: split-phase; proportional integral; PI; Butterworth coefficient; current harmonic; electric vehicle.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPELEC.2025.10069462
   
  
• Soft switching and soft starting of TCHB converter-based dual active bridge converter by using SPS and EPS control techniques  
  by Amit Kumar, Abdul Hamid Bhat, Pramod Agarwal 
  Abstract: Renewable energy has significant potential for future electric networks, and direct current (DC) technology offers a viable solution to address related challenges. Efficient DC-DC converters are essential for achieving high voltage step-up ratios. This work presents a novel bidirectional soft-switching DC-DC converter that integrates a two-level converter on the low-voltage side and a transistor-clamped h-bridge (TCHB) multilevel converter on the high-voltage side. A phase-shift control method is employed to manage bi-directional power flow in a resonant converter operating at higher frequencies. The proposed method ensures soft-switching for all power devices across the entire power spectrum, enabling smooth transitions between power directions. Current stress measurements indicate significant reductions: from 19 A to 2 A in single-phase shift (SPS) and from 16 A to 1.6 A in extended phase shift (EPS). The performance of the same converter is validated through MATLAB/Simulink simulations and real-time experiments using an OPAL-RT simulator, demonstrating improved efficiency and reduced switching stress.
  Keywords: dual active bridge; DAB; extended phase shift; EPS; single phase shift; SPS; soft switching and soft starting; state of charge; transistor clamped h-bridge inverter.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPELEC.2025.10069940
   
  
• Hardware design and implementation for Class-E power amplifier for Qi compatible wireless power transfer for consumer electronics  
  by Avishek Munsi, Rohan Kumar, Kunwar Aditya 
  Abstract: This paper presents the design of a Class E power amplifier tailored for wireless power transfer applications, with an emphasis on achieving system compactness. The amplifier operates at a switching frequency of 100 kHz and delivers an output power of 15 W, conforming to Qi standards. A series-series topology was chosen for the wireless power transfer system. To achieve zero voltage switching (ZVS), the primary side was tuned to a frequency slightly lower than the switching frequency, eliminating the need for an additional inductor. This innovation results in a more compact and cost-effective system without compromising performance. To ensure effective power transfer, the secondary side was tuned to resonate at the switching frequency. Design calculations were validated using LTspice simulations and hardware implementations. This paper also evaluates the efficiency of the designed converter and provides an analysis of power loss. The proposed system is primarily intended for consumer electronics applications, such as cell phone chargers, offering a simplified and efficient solution.
  Keywords: wireless power transfer; WPT; Class-E amplifier; battery charger; zero voltage switching; ZVS; Qi standard.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPELEC.2025.10069941