International Journal of Global Environmental Issues (6 papers in press)

Regular Issues

• Is fishing causes for marine resource vulnerability in Gulf of Mannar, India?  
  by Kanaga V, Rajakumar M, Sujathkumar N.V, Jawahar P, Brita Nicy 
  Abstract: Marine fishery resources are providing lots of benefits to the society and environment especially in employment, income and nutritional security. Marine fisheries resource degradation due to anthropogenic activities which includes destructive fishing activities is the present issue. Fishing activities provide livelihoods to coastal people even though it affects negatively the marine fishery resources. Hence this study attempted to identify the major causes for the vulnerability in the Gulf of Mannar coast. Gulf of Mannar was selected as the study area for the research due to resource richness and the significant level of livelihood dependence on marine fishery resources. The sample size of the study was 450 fishermen which were distributed to non-motorised (33), motorized (335) and mechanized (82) craft sector based on percentage contribution to total fishing crafts registered in GoM coast. Primary data were collected from the respondents through field survey by survey schedule. The collected data were tabulated and analysed by Random Based Quotient technique and Spearmen rank correlation technique. Practising banned fishing methods, bottom trawl net use, scarcity of sustainable fishing gear, the inefficiency of mesh size regulation, and nonselective fishing gear used for fishing were the major causes for the vulnerability as identified from the study. Implementation of suitable policy measures and regular monitoring will help to solve the problems to maintain the resources at the sustainable level.
  Keywords: vulnerability; marine fishery resources; destructive fishing activities.
  
  
• Is the Russian invasion of Ukraine a constraint or opportunity for food and energy security in Africa?  
  by Essossinam Ali, Koffi Massèsso Adji 
  Abstract: This article analyses the constraints and opportunities of Africa’s food and energy security following the Russian aggression on Ukraine. The descriptive analysis of the data shows that despite the opportunities that the African continent abounds, it comes out as an indirect loser of the war in the context of globalisation. The increase in energy prices in Europe and other parts of the World will increase the prices of agricultural and manufactured products on which African countries are heavily dependent. Africa is, therefore, in the middle of the road, leading it into a trap of poverty and inequality. African decision makers should rethink the policies of food and energy sovereignty and the diversification of sources of income to resist possible external shocks.
  Keywords: war economy; economic warfare; food security; energy security; Russia; Ukraine; Africa.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJGENVI.2023.10056063
   
  

Special Issue on: International Design of Dialogic Environmental Policies

• SYNOPTICS, part X: application of the Synoptics model for the social analysis of states: Colombia (1991) and Nigeria (1992)  
  by Herbert Rauch 
  Abstract: Synoptics - a method to diagnose and consult in socio-political conflict situations is here used to describe and analyse the two conflict situations on the level of states in Colombia 1991 and Nigeria 1992. Several conflict scenarios are described to understand better the political micro, meso and macro scenes. The following case studies are developed along some of the main questions for Synoptics social analysis with regard to diagnosing socio-political events: 1) description of focus event; 2) general description of the embedding sovereign social system; 3) description of the agents of the focus event; 4) location of focus event with regard to the level of social systems; 5) C-analysis of the process of the focus event (C = common Challenge, and describing the Alpha, Beta, Gamma and Omega spaces within the social system; 6) gestalt/general pattern of the conflict, and considerations with respect to the future.
  Keywords: Synoptics method; social analysis; hypotheses; social systems; conflict situations; challenge principle; Colombia; Nigeria.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJGENVI.2021.10040314
   
  
• Synoptics, Part XI: application of the synoptics social analysis to presidential elections and the corona crisis  
  by Herbert Rauch 
  Abstract: This case study (based on the synoptics method explained earlier) tries to show that actual scenarios are able to show the transition of the macro the micro of very recent and prominent events. This election event provides a historically new element in the history of the USA, and even with regard to the human history overall: the whole world comes to see the incredible acts of opposing the official institutions responsible for the presidential transition versus the traditions of transferring administrative power peacefully. The world becomes eye-witness of a former president's behaviour, which - as many think - is partly owed to a specific character, but also to attitudes toward institutions. The side effects are perhaps the most important, namely demonstrating that 'the world has gone global' while the information technology allows almost instantaneous knowledge of important events worldwide - if the interest is global.
  Keywords: synoptics method; social analysis; social hypotheses; USA; presidential elections; political system; corona crisis; corona management.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJGENVI.2021.10041119
   
  
• Application of system dynamics for the sustainable management of solid waste in urban areas of Pakistan  
  by Shoaib Muhammad, Fatima Kauser, Arslan Raza, Ishtiaq Hassan, Shahmir Janjua 
  Abstract: Environmental problems, especially related to solid waste management, are a growing concern for every developing country, including Pakistan. Rapid population growth has significantly increased the levels of solid waste pollution, and the situation continues to worsen with every passing day. The technical, financial, environmental, and social elements involved in the management of solid waste systems are interconnected, resulting in several interacting feedback loops, thus making solid waste management a complex and dynamic problem. This research aims to develop an integrated system dynamics (SD) framework for the sustainable management of solid waste. The SD model is developed based on a detailed causal loop diagram prepared for the management of solid waste using STELLA software. Different strategies are formulated by including the policy levers in the model. The simulation results show that different financing strategies undertaken by the management can result in varying impacts for the consumers regarding collection efficiency and financial burden.
  Keywords: solid waste management; sustainability; system dynamics; STELLA software; policy levers; simulation; Pakistan.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJGENVI.2022.10048227
   
  
• Analysis on the difference of regional carbon emission trading price level from China  
  by XiangBao Gao, Ana 
  Abstract: This article first uses monthly prices from eight regional carbon emission right trading pilot markets in China to analyse the difference of regional carbon emission trading price level by independent-samples Kruskal-Wallis test, and further analyse the causes of the carbon emission right trading price level difference between Beijing and Tianjin. Comparing the two local governments’ policy such as the carbon emission right allocation scheme and the public auction of carbon emissions rights, it shows that the local government policy is the key factor that affects the regional carbon trading price level, and the government adopts the method of investigation and survey to enterprises which mainly join in carbon emission market, and exams the impact of different carbon emission pricing to the enterprises operational costs.
  Keywords: carbon emission right; price level difference; regional policy; China.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJGENVI.2023.10056064