International Journal of Business Innovation and Research (279 papers in press)

Regular Issues

• Investment pattern of domestic institutional investors  
  by Purwa Srivastava, Sakshi Varshney 
  Abstract: This research paper makes the first-ever study on the relationship between domestic institutional investors; DII, i.e., mutual fund; MF, insurance companies; INSU, development financial institution; DFI and banks with Indian stock market returns, at a disaggregated level. This analysis is based on ten-year daily data collected from Securities and Exchange Board of India, SEBI. During the study, Granger causality block exogeneity test verifies that stock returns predict MF, INSU, and DFI’s investment behaviour. Additionally, Correlation analysis shows a positive contemporaneous relationship of stock returns with buying and selling done by all the four DIIs. Quantile regression technique reveals that INSU and, MF are contrarian traders, whereas Banks are momentum traders. With the analysis, we learnt that INSU is the most active trader at every quantile. MF is more active at lower quantiles. Banks are active traders at upper and lower quantiles, and DFI is active only at extreme quantiles.
  Keywords: quantile regression; momentum traders; development financial institution; banks; mutual funds; insurance companies; contrarian trader; domestic institutional investor.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2021.10038350
   
  
• Uncovering the role of culture and self-image in determining academics acceptance of performance appraisal in a Jordanian university context  
  by Arwa Al-Twal, Nadine Khair 
  Abstract: Performance appraisal influences decisions made regarding academics. Little is known about academics perceptions of performance appraisal and why do they hold these perceptions. This paper explores the role of culture and self-image in shaping the mindset of academics concerning their acceptance of performance appraisal. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 16 academics working in a Jordanian university. This study revealed that the norms and traditions, groupings/categorisation, and personal networks within culture influence academics perceptions and acceptance of performance appraisal. The analysis also showed that self-image is a culturally developed inhibitor that plays a role in creating resistance to evaluation. This paper extends previous research on performance appraisal and brings insights concerning how it should be developed and implemented in a university context. It identifies potential yet critical inhibitors that explain academics perceptions of the practice, which is of practical interest to management in academic institutions and HR professionals.
  Keywords: performance appraisal; culture; self-image; academics; Jordan.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2021.10039268
   
  
• Financial Innovation and Bank’s Performance: An empirical analysis of Indian Commercial Banks  
  by TRISHA BHATTACHARYA, Simontini Das, Rilina Basu Banerjee 
  Abstract: The paper intends to investigate the impact of technology-led financial innovation on the financial performance of 52 public and private Indian Scheduled Commercial banks during the time period 2011 to 2012 to 2016 to 2017. Banks performances are measured under four major categories i.e., activity, liquidity, profitability, and solvency. Bank-wise financial innovation index is constructed by using principal component analysis from the variables, usage of credit card and debit card at ATM and point of sale, RTGS and NEFT. On the basis of adoption level of financial innovation, banks are classified into two clusters; high innovation banks and low innovation banks. The cluster analysis exhibits that adoption of technical innovation is relatively low among public sector banks (except State Bank of India) than private sector banks. Panel data estimation explains that financial innovation index helps to improve various indicators of Indian banking performance exclusively for low innovation banks. Hence the adoption of financial innovation is beneficial for the low innovation banks at their early stage of innovation. Empirical estimation shows that financial innovation does not affect banking activity, liquidity and profitability for high innovation banks. In fact, it reduces the solvency of high innovation banks.
  Keywords: financial innovation; cluster analysis; banking performance; panel data analysis.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2021.10039744
   
  
• Effect of Job Satisfaction on Organizational Effectiveness of IT Sector  
  by Reetu ., Dr. Anshu Yadav, Kulbir Singh Redhu 
  Abstract: The physical and psychological health of individuals working in the IT sector is adversely affected due to their hectic and stressful working schedules. Hence, the prime importance of the management is to understand the factors affecting physical health, mental wellbeing and satisfaction of employees and also enhance their satisfaction at the workplace. The present study focuses on the job satisfaction of employees working in the IT sector and its effect on organisation effectiveness. For this empirical data of 581 respondents from different IT companies in the capital region of India were analysed to assess the impact of job satisfaction on the organisational effectiveness. Working conditions, relation with supervisor and colleagues, organisation of work, career advancement, and decision-making enhances satisfaction of employees and satisfied employees contribute to organisational effectiveness.
  Keywords: organisational effectiveness; job satisfaction; moderation; IT sector.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2021.10039720
   
  
• Assessment of Service Innovation in the Quick Service Restaurants (QSRs)  
  by Rajani Sarangal, Rajesh Singh 
  Abstract: The present study is an attempt to analyse the impact of service innovation on customer satisfaction and experience. The impact of customer experience on customer satisfaction has also been examined. Furthermore, the study also identified the mediating role of customer experience in between service innovation and customer satisfaction. The sample respondents were 221 quick service restaurant customers specifically from McDonalds, Dominos Pizza, Pizza Hut, Cafe Coffee Day, and KFC located in three cities of India, in particular Jammu, Chandigarh and Delhi (North India). Structural equation modelling has been used to test the relationship between the constructs. Study proposed a model on the basis of several hypothetical relationships which have resulted from an extant review of the literature. The proposed model is then tested empirically, which reflects the influence of SI on CS and CE and further, the influence of CE on CS in the select quick service restaurants in India.
  Keywords: service innovation; customer experience; customer satisfaction; quick service restaurants; QSRs.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2021.10039811
   
  
• MOBILE BANKING A NEW BANKING MODEL: AN EMPIRICAL INVESTIGATION OF FINANCIAL INNOVATION  
  by Tarak Nath Sahu, Sudarshan Maity 
  Abstract: In the present study, researchers conduct a detailed investigation of financial innovation of mobile banking due to technological innovation. The study covers from 2010 to 2011 to 2019 to 2020. A multiple regression model is used to identify the important factors that influence technology-based mobile banking transactions. The analysis reveals that mobile connection, literacy and GDP rate play a significant role in the growth of mobile banking transactions. Further, to investigate the role of mobile banking transactions on financial inclusion, researchers have run a bivariate regression analysis. The result shows that mobile banking transactions have a significant role on financial inclusion. The study also finds that public and private sector banks both play a significant role in implementing mobile banking. So when physical branch mode banking is too costly, regulators and banks can stimulate the customers to use the mobile device as a mode of banking to achieve the target of financial inclusion.
  Keywords: financial inclusion; mobile banking; innovation; technology.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2021.10039945
   
  
• Investigating Customer’s Uncertainty and Satisfaction in Banking Industry: The Role of Organizational Silence towards Customer, Organizational Hypocrisy and Corporate Social Irresponsibility  
  by Omid SolatiNik, Reza Salehzadeh, Seyyed Mehdi Mirmehdi 
  Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effect of organisational silence towards customer, organisational hypocrisy and corporate social irresponsibility on customer’s uncertainty and satisfaction. A cross-sectional research design, drawing upon a questionnaire survey was employed to collect data from a sample of bank customer’s in Iran. Structural equation modelling was performed to test the relationship among the research variables using findings from the 1,095 participants. The results revealed that organisational silence towards customer, organisational hypocrisy and corporate social irresponsibility positively influenced customer’s uncertainty and satisfaction. In addition, customer uncertainty was a direct antecedent of customer satisfaction. This study contributes to the literature of customer satisfaction in the banking industry by being the first to investigate the simultaneous impact of organisational silence, organisational hypocrisy, corporate social irresponsibility and customer uncertainty on customer satisfaction.
  Keywords: customer satisfaction; customer uncertainty; organisational silence towards customer; organisational hypocrisy; corporate social irresponsibility.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2021.10039946
   
  
• ICT service exports in South Asia: a cross-country forecasting approach  
  by Abu Naser Mohammad Saif, Azmawani Abd Rahman, S.M. Masudur Rahman, Nusrat Jafrin 
  Abstract: The aim of current study is to depict the forecasting trend of information and communication technology (ICT) service exports for the eight South Asian countries (Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka). The latest available secondary data on ICT service exports for those South Asian countries from World Development Indicators (WDI) of the World Bank dataset for the period of 2008 to 2017 were used for this study. For identifying trend pattern, the least-square trend equation on deseasonalised data of ICT service exports has been used. In the least square trend equation, the independent variable is time and the dependent variable is deseasonalised data. Time series regression model has been initiated to forecast future values based on earlier mentioned values in the dataset. Findings of the study indicate that six countries (Bangladesh, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka) have an upward trend of ICT service exports for the period 2018 to 2025, and two countries (Afghanistan and Bhutan) have a downward trend of ICT service exports for the same time interval.
  Keywords: ICT service exports; South Asia; least square trend equation; deseasonalised data; time-series regression.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2021.10039997
   
  
• Artificial intelligence definition, applications and adoption in Human Resource Management: a systematic literature review  
  by Mohand Tuffaha, M. Rosario Perello-Marin 
  Abstract: This paper deals with the role of artificial intelligence (AI) in human resource management (HRM). Although AI emerged in the mid of the 20th century, current literature still offers an inconsistent view of AI in HRM. This piece of research provides an overview of the academic literature published in this field. AI and HRM, two separated research streams so far, have been analysed to aggregate knowledge and to identify common patterns on the interaction between them. The aim of this piece of paper is to analyse how AI can influence HRM and derive a specific definition of AI in HRM. Moreover, the authors discuss AI applications in HRM and current academic framework for AI adoption in HRM. The findings show a comprehensive review of the relationship between AI and HRM, identifying a research gaps regarding this knowledge area, and the implications of AI concerning.
  Keywords: artificial intelligence; human resource management; HRM; deep learning; machine learning; AI in HRM.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2021.10040005
   
  
• Impact of IT Women Employees Remote Work during Covid-19 with Work Life Balance  
  by JANSI RANI, V. KRISHNA PRIYA 
  Abstract: The balance of work life is a very tough situation for women to balance the family and as well as job. But now, drastic change, which has taken place due to the pandemic induced by the Covid-19, it pushed all the employees to work from home (WFH) itself. The IT industry is one of the top leading sector, and employees in this sector will have mental pressure, stress for smooth run of work and family. Due to this ongoing pandemic, all the IT employees are advised to work remotely, i.e., WFH. Based on that, the women employees are working from remote area and they should engage with both family and work, also simultaneously they will have to balance their work and family. The present research is to study about the women employees working remote during Covid-19 period and the way she balances the dual role of work and life.
  Keywords: Covid-19; remote work; work life balance; work and family engagement; work and family conflict.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2021.10040193
   
  
• Analysing productivity of digital marketing investments through selected metrics  
  by Kamalpreet Kaur, Lalit Mohan Kathuria 
  Abstract: Nowadays, the business firms are shifting their investments from traditional marketing to digital marketing. Even though the companies are spending more on digital marketing, yet most of the marketers find it difficult to measure productivity of digital marketing investments. One of the measures of productivity is return on investment (ROI), and digital marketing return on investment (ROI) is the measure of profit or loss that the marketers generate on their digital marketing investments. Digital marketing productivity is measured through different metrics such as cost per click, cost per impression, bounce rate, share of voice, conversion rate, etc. This paper highlights these metrics with the help of few case studies from past literature. These metrics provide useful information regarding success of digital marketing investments in generating sales growth, profit, brand awareness and knowledge, customer relationship management and promoting word-of-mouth. Effective productivity measurement of digital marketing investments would lead to trust among business firms and promote higher use of such digital marketing tools by the business organisations. The authors have also presented a conceptual framework of measuring digital marketing productivity.
  Keywords: digital marketing; productivity; marketing investments; metrics; return on investment; ROI.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2021.10040222
   
  
• Market segmentation of online shoppers: A Bayesian approach  
  by Manit Mishra, Snigdha Mohapatra 
  Abstract: Trust among online shoppers is an essential prerequisite for a flourishing e-retail. This study identifies trust-based segments among online shoppers in India. The antecedent constructs of trust in e-retailing context are theorised and a response-based segmentation is carried out using Bayesian latent structure regression (BLSR) with variable selection. BLSR is run on survey response from 263 respondents to extract the segments. The findings are validated by a focus group discussion involving 12 online shoppers. The study makes four unique contributions. First, there are no universal drivers of trust in e-retail. Second, Indian online shoppers can be segmented based on trust into inner-directed and outer-directed shoppers. Third, trust levels of inner-directed shoppers is influenced by: 1) their technology-savvy characteristics; 2) brand knowledge. And fourth, trust levels of outer-directed shoppers is shaped by e-retailers care. The findings provide e-retailers with segment-level, strategic market interventions for trust formation among online shoppers.
  Keywords: trust; segmentation; BLSR; e-retail; online shopping.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2021.10040258
   
  
• Women Empowerment: Key for Socio-Economic Development in India  
  by VINAY KANDPAL, Neeraj Nautiyal 
  Abstract: This paper attempts to analyse the role of microfinance institutions and self-help groups (SHGs) in people’s empowerment, especially women living in rural areas through placements or job opportunities across different sectors, thus removing gender stereotypes prevailing in society and removing the migration issue in India. Women in India earn a median gross salary of Rs.196 per hour, 19% lower than Rs.242 for men, according to the latest Monster Salary Index. Wage inequalities are the highest in IT/ITES (26%) and manufacturing (24%), but even women-intensive sectors such as healthcare and social work show a steep pay gap (21%). To promote gender equality and the entrepreneurial spirit, it is inevitable to finance women for various small and local start-ups.
  Keywords: self-help group; SHG; financial inclusion; micro financial institutions; banks.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2021.10040290
   
  
• Impact of Virtual Community Interaction, Technology fit and Compatibility examine the Students performance: Mediating role of e-Class Satisfaction  
  by Manoj Kumar, Pradeep Mamgain, Srinivas Subbarao Pasumarti 
  Abstract: The authors tried to identify the mediating role of e-class satisfaction on the academic students’ performance. The sample collected from Indian higher academic institution during COVID19 pandemic with the help of adoptive scaled items and expert suggestions. The total 384 number of responses were collected from the various academic intuitions. The descriptive measurement of items recorded on a seven-point of Likert scale, SEM and mediation test were performed to satisfy the objective. The study finding indicates, all predicators (VCI, TF and CMP) have a positive effect on e-class satisfaction and we also found a mediation effect on student performance. Additionally, we tried to find out the mediation effect of e-satisfaction on students’ performance. The study objective to investigate how virtual community interaction, technology fit and compatibility collective develop the e-satisfaction of the university level student and considered the mediation effect of e-class satisfaction on students’ performance building.
  Keywords: virtual interaction; virtual community; technology fit; computability; e-satisfaction; student performance.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2021.10040321
   
  
• Prioritising the Factors Influencing Strategic Tools' Usage by Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs): An Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) Approach  
  by T.R. Anandan, Kriti Priya Gupta 
  Abstract: Strategic practitioners and scholars often advise organisations to use strategic tools. Still, several studies identified differences in the usage pattern of strategic tools in various contexts. Researchers have also found a diverse set of factors influencing their adoption. However, hardly any research has gone beyond it to answer a very pertinent question: “which is/are the most important factor(s)?” This study aims at examining the relative importance of these factors in the context of MSMEs operating in developing nations. At first, we arranged these factors as per the extended TOE framework. Then, we applied the AHP technique to identify their priorities from the data collected from 17 MSME owners of NCT of Delhi using convenience sampling. The paper presents the ranking of each factor in three levels consisting of four in level 1, eight in level 2, and 21 in level 3.
  Keywords: strategic tools; micro; small and medium enterprises; MSMEs; TOE framework; analytic hierarchy process; AHP; prioritisation.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2021.10040441
   
  
• Corporate Governance, Innovation and Firm performance: Evidence from India  
  by Shweta Sharda, Shital Jhunjhunwala 
  Abstract: Innovation is crucial in determining the competitive position in the global market; however, management finds it difficult to allocate resources towards these investments due to uncertainty of returns in the future. Given that board of directors monitor managerial decisions and encourage them to pursue innovative strategies for enhancing firm performance, this study examines the moderating effect of corporate governance on the relationship between innovation and firm performance in a panel of 599 Indian listed companies from 2015 to 2019 by employing fixed-effect regression analysis and conditional effects. Results signify the negative moderating impact of nomination and remuneration committee (NRC) busyness and NRC participation on the relationship between innovation and market indicator (Tobin’s Q); however, none of them moderate the relation between innovation and financial performance (ROE). The findings also indicate the indirect influence of board independence on the strength of the R&D-performance relationship. Companies and regulators should develop measures to reduce management’s influence in the nomination process to achieve the desired outcome from the mandatory composition of NRC.
  Keywords: board; committees; governance; innovation; India; moderation; performance; R&D investment; returns; risk.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2021.10040585
   
  
• Does Corporate Governance really influence Stock Price Synchronicity  
  by Abhisek Saha Roy, Som Sankar Sen 
  Abstract: It has been argued in many studies that as the informational asymmetry in the market decreases, stock return synchronicity also decreases, the reason being the market has less market-wide information and more firm-specific information. This paper mostly tries to explain the influence of corporate governance on stock price synchronicity where corporate governance is considered a proxy of governance transparency. The result documents the fact that the presence of international directors, CEO duality, percentage of shareholding pattern and board member’s attendance has a very significant impact on synchronicity. However, selection of random effect model suggests that there is unobserved heterogeneity in the model which is constant over time and not correlated with the independent variable.
  Keywords: corporate governance; board composition; board diligence; stock price synchronicity.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2021.10040586
   
  
• Factors Affecting the Use of Online Research Collaboration Platforms For Knowledge Sharing: Evidence From Knowledge-Intensive Organizations  
  by Osama F. Al Kurdi  
  Abstract: There is a need for academics to connect through research communities to increase, share their current knowledge, collaborate, and inform their research efforts. Social media (SM) is fast becoming an essential instrument for knowledge sharing and communication, not only at the organisational level but also for individuals. Few attempts have been made to understand enablers that influence academics at knowledge-based organisations like universities to adopt SM tools for academic research sharing. This quantitative study examined the motivating factors of academics in relation to engaging with other experts in online platforms, using partial least squares equation modelling (PLS-SEM). There were seven variables associated with the study: attitudes towards knowledge, intention to share knowledge, actual sharing of knowledge, perceived behavioural control, self-efficacy, subjective norms, tools, and technology. The findings suggested that academics are likely to engage in online research collaboration due to the desire and attitudes towards sharing knowledge.
  Keywords: online research community; knowledge sharing; ResearchGate; academicians; researchers.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2021.10040587
   
  
• Applying Consumer-Based Brand Equity in Private Universities Branding: An Empirical Study  
  by Alaaeddine Abbas, Ayman Bazzi 
  Abstract: This paper investigates the influence of consumer-based brand equity (CBBE) dimensions on customers’ brand attitude and purchase intention, along with the moderating effect for corporate social responsibility (CSR) on the relationship between customers’ brand attitude and their purchase intention. The study sample consists of 375 students, which is considered as sufficient sample size for applying data analysis using partial least square-structure equation modelling (PLS-SEM). The current study findings reveal that three dimensions for CBBE out of four, have a significant positive effect on customers’ brand attitude (brand awareness, brand loyalty and brand image), while only brand loyalty has a direct positive influence on customers’ purchase intention. Also, the results indicate that brand attitude partially mediates the relationship between brand loyalty and purchase intention, while it fully mediates the relationship between brand image and purchase intention. Furthermore, CSR does not moderate the relationship between customers’ brand attitude and their purchase intention. Moreover, this paper contributes to CBBE literature.
  Keywords: brand equity; brand attitude; purchase intention; corporate social responsibility; CSR.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2021.10040588
   
  
• A metadata review on business intelligence in the construction industry  
  by Alwi Mahmudin, Ainul Mohsein Abdul-Mohsin, Md Shamimul Islam 
  Abstract: Little effort has been made to know the status of BI in the construction industries. Business intelligence (BI) is critical for companies to migrating into Industry 4.0. Therefore, this study aims to review the literature related to BI in the construction industry to find out the status and presents directions for future research. Twenty-five articles were collected from the Scopus database from the year 2000 to April 2019. The study analysed the data through data mining and descriptive statistics. The findings revealed a growing upward trend in publications. Moreover, Art?ras Kaklauskas was found as the top author and Expert Systems with Applications and Journal of Construction Engineering and Management were found to be the top journals that publish the most number of papers. This study contributes to literature by presenting a review paper on BI in the construction industry.
  Keywords: business intelligence; construction industry; data mining; artificial intelligence; literature review.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2021.10040625
   
  
• Capital structure and cooperative unions financial performance in southwest Ethiopia  
  by Bayelign Abebe, Ayalew Ali 
  Abstract: The purpose of this paper was to ascertain the effects of capital structure on the financial performance of cooperative unions. The financial performance was measured using return on asset (ROA) and equity (ROE) while the capital structure was measured using debt ratio, asset tangibility, liquidity ratio and asset size. The examination utilised a unique board model of cooperative unions for the time of 2015 to 2020. The examination uncovered that debt ratio, asset tangibility, and liquidity proportion has a noteworthy and beneficial outcome on the financial performance of cooperative unions however, asset size has a negative and critical impact on the financial performance measured both in ROA and ROE. The investigation presumes that capital structure has a noteworthy impact on the financial performance of cooperative unions. At long last, the investigation suggests that cooperative unions ought to have an ideal capital structure so as to upgrade the money-related execution and make the colossal incentive to its members.
  Keywords: capital structure; cooperative unions; financial performance; Ethiopia.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2021.10040694
   
  
• The Effects of Environmental Uncertainties on Performance of Quoted Food and Beverage firms in Nigeria  
  by Kayode K. Arogundade, Muyiwa. A. Opaleye, Omobola Monsurat Ajayi 
  Abstract: The unpredictability nature of today’s business environment exposed firms to various environmental uncertainties the effect of which on performance is yet to be ascertained. The study therefore examined effects of environmental uncertainties on firm survival, firm efficiency, and competitive advantage. Using survey research design, the study was carried out in Southwest Nigeria. All the 13 quoted food and beverage firms in the region were considered using total enumeration method while purposively, top and middle management category of staff totalled 673 were considered as respondents to the study. Six hundred and twenty-two questionnaires were returned and considered for analysis using both descriptive and inferential statistics. The results of the analysis shows that environmental uncertainties has significant effect on firm survival with F-value of 19.717; firm efficiency with F-value of 37.110; and competitive advantage with F-value of 42.932. Also, the results of the analysis on the effect of environmental uncertainties on overall performance shows that the F-test (1,620) = 10.881, was significant at p = 0.000 < 0.05. Based on the results, it is concluded that environmental uncertainties have significant effect on firm survival, firm efficiency, competitive advantage, and overall performance of quoted food and beverage firms in Nigeria.
  Keywords: environmental uncertainties; supplier uncertainty; customer uncertainty; technology uncertainty; competitor uncertainty; performance.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2021.10040695
   
  
• Interorganizational Relations in Technological Districts  
  by Marina N. Santucci  
  Abstract: This paper studies the development of interorganisational relationships among technological companies and the influence of belonging to an institutional district. Three levels were established to study the development of those relationships: first, participation in group activities, then the level of shared knowledge, and finally the achievement of joint projects. The study was designed under a mixed methodology with a correlational approach, triangulated by a questionnaire, interviews, and documentary bases for companies located in the technological district of Buenos Aires. The main results showed that expectations of development of the district and the possession of protocols for strategic decision-making significantly encourage cooperative actions, through their influence on the dynamics of trust. The shared knowledge was frequently tacit and mainly due to infrastructure and business partners. The most frequent type of relations was between large and small organisations, reflecting a potential for strategic alliances under co-working structures or business incubators.
  Keywords: decisions; trust; interorganisational relations; knowledge management; technological sector; district; cluster; innovation; networks; cooperative actions.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2021.10040990
   
  
• The Effectiveness of Long Tail Marketing on Consumer Behavior towards Online Streaming Channels: A Thematic Approach  
  by Greeshma Radhakrishnan, Rahul Ajayakumar, Sandhya G 
  Abstract: Consumer behaviour is complex, and it is interesting to understand the consumer’s intention towards online streaming channels, their preference towards popular and unpopular shows, which is a topic that is fascinating among the tech savvy individuals. This paper aims to understand Indian consumers’ aspects or reasons behind the preference for unpopular contents in the online streaming channels. Purposive sampling technique was used in choosing the participants and FGDs were organised to draw thematic content in the context of the study. Inductive thematic analysis gave way to other dimensions such as preference on genre, preference on category and count on unpopular content that progressed out of the themes. Preference on unpopular content, research on unpopular content, continue exploration on unpopular content and count on unpopular content had an influence on the viewers watching unpopular shows in the online streaming channels.
  Keywords: thematic analysis; long tail marketing; focus group methodology; online streaming channels and Indian consumers.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2021.10040991
   
  
• Innovation and firm performance: The role of absorptive capacity and technological capability  
  by ENDAH RAHAYU LESTARI, NIMAS MAYANG SABRINA SUNYOTO 
  Abstract: Innovation has shown to provide significant contribution to the competitiveness of the organisation. Hence, it is important to know how to integrate the absorptive capacity and technological capability into the innovation strategy because they influence the firm in creating innovation, determining the firm performance. The purpose of this article is to elaborate the role of absorptive capacity and technological capability support in developing firm’s innovation. This study uses samples of 143 food sector SMEs in Malang Raya, Indonesia. Partial least square (PLS) was then employed in order to test the validation model and the research hypotheses. The results showed that both absorptive capacity and technological capability have positive effects on innovation. Whereas, the innovation has positively associated with the firm performance. The study is quite beneficial to better understand that firms should take into account the key strategic roles and how to improve innovation for organisational success.
  Keywords: absorptive capacity; firm performance; innovation; technological capability; partial least square; PLS.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2021.10041038
   
  
• Working Mothers in UAE  
  by Ammara Amanat Ali, Alejandro Martin Sposato 
  Abstract: This article identifies the challenges faced by professional women, including mothers, in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) and the coping mechanisms that these women have developed to overcome them, in the context of the UAE. Working mothers encounter numerous challenges such as: lack of support from management, absence of sympathetic policies in the private sector, hiring prejudices, obstacles to leadership positions, and inappropriate questions during interviews, among others, these issues lead to a number of personal and professional challenges. Despite the current challenges, there are positive signs for the future, as the government of the UAE has introduced legislation and is taking concrete action to address some of these problems. This paper contributes to the existing literature on working mothers by exploring the experiences of mothers in the United Arab Emirates and highlighting the particular issues that arise in the context.
  Keywords: working mothers; motherhood penalties; career development; work-life balance; gender pay gap; UAE services sector.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2021.10041079
   
  
• Foundation, Status Quo, and Future Trends of the Business Model Innovation Process Knowledge Base  
  by Amaury Schaller, Ronald Vatananan-Thesenvitz 
  Abstract: With the application of a science-mapping technique, the knowledge base of the business model innovation (BMI) process literature was systematically assessed; 362 Scopus-indexed articles and conference papers from 2001 to 2018 were considered. This review uncovers the foundation, development, and future trends of the BMI process knowledge base. Moreover, this systematic literature review aims to connect the BMI process to two main disciplines: 1) strategic management; 2) innovation and entrepreneurship. Three schools of thought were identified: 1) new approaches to the BMI process; 3) antecedents and barriers to the BMI process; 3) strategic and sustainable decisions related to firm performance during the BMI process. The BMI literature is anchored equally in both disciplines, and hence a strategic entrepreneurship view is suggested for the process, especially since digital transformation is a relevant future avenue for BMI.
  Keywords: business model innovation; BMI; process; science mapping; bibliometrics; systematic literature review.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2021.10041088
   
  
• A study to analyse the social, economic, cultural, and technological determinants of e-business adoption in small and medium enterprises of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia  
  by M.I.R. SHAHID SATAR, Ghadah Alarifi 
  Abstract: The present study was formulated to identify the social, economic, cultural, and technological factors that determine the e-business adoption within SMEs of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). Following an extant literature review, a questionnaire survey was conducted across 76 SMEs in KSA through a quantitative non-experimental research design. The factors were ranked using the descriptive statistics, the reliability model, and the Relative Importance Index (RII). The results indicated that the five most significant factors determining the adoption of e-business within SMEs are: 1) perceived usefulness of the e-business; 2) centralised decision-making of SME owner/ entrepreneur; 3) education level/skill gaps in the society; 4) lack of resources; 5) resistant to change behaviour of entrepreneurs. The outcome will pertinently enable the managers, policymakers, and other stakeholders of SMEs in devising suitable e-business strategies.
  Keywords: SMEs; e-business; entrepreneurs; technology; e-commerce.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2021.10041203
   
  
• TOURIST SATISFACTION IN SUN AND SEA DESTINATIONS  
  by Ana Castillo-Canalejo, Sandra Sánchez-Cañizares, Luna Santos-Roldán 
  Abstract: Sun and sea tourism is one of the sector’s biggest drivers of visitor flow. It is, therefore, of great importance to evaluate the level of tourist satisfaction. This study serves a double purpose: first, to carry out a bibliometric analysis of the classics of literature on sun and sea tourist satisfaction; second, to examine the profile of tourists visiting the Andalusian coastline by looking at levels of satisfaction and expectations with the different tourist offer indicators. This has been achieved by means of a questionnaire that was handed out to 4,571 tourists. The main results of the bibliometric analysis show that despite the need for a better understanding of tourist satisfaction for the sun and sea segment, research in this area is scant and few studies have been published in international journals. The statistical analysis shows how tourists can be classified into two groups according to their level of satisfaction.
  Keywords: tourist; satisfaction; sun and sea; bibliometric analysis.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2021.10041225
   
  
• Technological Development of Biofertiliser Products and Processes: A Patent Analysis  
  by Andrés Eduardo Coutiño-Puchuli, Zoe T. Infante-Jiménez, José Alberto Solis-Navarrete 
  Abstract: The objective of this research is to identify trends in technological developments in biofertiliser products and processes based on patent analysis to help in present and future research. The investigation was carried out in Web of Science and Scopus for the bibliometric study; the Patentscope search tool was used for the status of applications and grants. The results yielded 122 applications and 18 patents granted, showing that the countries that make the most applications are China and Russia. This study provides knowledge about the patenting process, as well as the products and processes related to biofertilisers that have been granted in concession or are in the application process; therefore, the contribution of this work is to offer the latest regarding the development of patents on biofertilisers and sustainability. Biofertiliser innovations respond to a socio-economic and environmental need through precise scientific and technological research activities, guaranteeing adequate and sustainable use of biofertilisers in the market.
  Keywords: biofertilisers; technological development; patents; sustainability; innovation.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2021.10041338
   
  
• A Study on Resource Stretch and Leverage From the Perspective of Dynamic Capabilities  
  by Thuy Dung Pham Thi, Chi Minh Nguyen, Nam Tien Duong, Van Kien Pham 
  Abstract: The dynamic capabilities view, documented in many strategic management studies, addresses how firms integrate, build, and configure the resource-bases to respond to the market dynamism. This study aims to present an overview of these previous studies and explore the relationship between internal and external dynamics of a firm, which has received little attention in the literature body. Drawing on a case-centred narrative approach, we analysed the cases of five companies in various industries. Our findings show remarkable similarities among the interviewed companies’ narratives, which reveal five basic themes: top managers’ awareness leverage, industrial relationship leverage, strategic leverage, corporate knowledge leverage and corporate asset leverage. These themes reflect how dynamic capabilities are utilised to adapt, manipulate, and expand the resource-base within an organisation to either explore or exploit new opportunities. Accordingly, firms can understand the role of the dynamic capabilities in resource management and properly direct future managerial activities.
  Keywords: dynamic capabilities; market changes; resource leverage; business environment; competitive advantages.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2021.10041339
   
  
• SECURITY ENHANCED COLLABORATIVE BUSINESS MODEL APPROACH USING BLOCKCHAIN AND IoT  
  by S. REVATHY, S. SATHYA PRIYA 
  Abstract: Internet of things (IoT) is a popular technology used for various business use cases and it has the potential to speed up the shared economy in business sector. The intensification of technology in business application is a boon to business stakeholders nevertheless storing business and customer information in centralised server, maintaining integrity of data stored and managing identity of the legitimate users are still posing serious threats to the deployment of technology in the business field with higher data breach cost. These vulnerabilities make the business owners dither in collaborating their business though it increases profit. The proposed security enhanced collaborative business model (CBM) approach using Ethereum blockchain over IoT aims to allow business owners to collaborate in their business by ensuring trust and integrity with low deployment cost and build brand for their products in the market that is valued by the customers.
  Keywords: blockchain; collaborative business model; CBM; Ethereum; internet of things; IoT security; smart contracts.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2021.10041340
   
  
• Innovation systems performance drivers and outputs: a systematic literature review and directions for future research  
  by Ana Ortega, Ricardo M. Pino 
  Abstract: Innovation is a requirement to tackle social, economic and environmental challenges. To understand how to measure innovation is key for policymakers, business and social leaders, as it allows the design of better strategies related to the development and evaluation of innovation systems (ISs). The purpose of this systematic literature review (SLR) is to identify and explain the key innovation system performance (ISP) drivers and outputs through descriptive and content analyses. A total of 139 articles between 1998 and 2021 were included in the SLR, and the analyses were performed using software for qualitative research data analysis. The main conclusions are that while research about ISP is increasing, there is little consensus on how to measure innovation drivers and outputs. Future research should address composite and standardised indicators to measure ISP, allowing a better understanding of performance and comparisons among different ISs.
  Keywords: innovation systems; business innovation; literature review; metrics; performance drivers and outputs; indicators.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2021.10041373
   
  
• Adoption intention and usage behavior of Mobile Travel Apps: Integration of Trust, Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) with Social Cognitive Theory (SCT)  
  by H.M. Kamrul Hassan, Saikat Das, Mohammed Shahedul Quader 
  Abstract: Due to the recent development of new technologies, travel-based organisations worldwide are continually adopting user-friendly mobile travel apps to provide tourists with multidisciplinary service benefits. This study evaluates factors affecting young consumers’ mobile travel apps’ actual usage, where variables are taken from social cognitive theory and technology acceptance model. Using a cross-sectional survey, relevant data generated from 386 consumers who resided in Chattogram, Bangladesh. Related hypotheses are developed and validated, employing the partial least squares technique utilising SmartPLS 3.0. Results suggest that perceived ease of use, self-efficacy, social norms, and trust are significant precursors of the intention to use travel booking apps. And the intention to use mobile travel apps is a significant precedent for young consumers’ mobile travel apps usage behaviour. In this study, the integration of theory and practice will help academicians and professionals to explore a viable solution to a demanding issue in the tourism industry.
  Keywords: mobile travel apps; perceived usefulness; perceived ease of use; PEU; self-efficacy; social norm; trust; actual usage.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2021.10041374
   
  
• Determinants of Innovation for Emerging Market MNEs: Evidence from Chemical Industry in India  
  by Niti Bhasin, Harmanpreet Kaur 
  Abstract: Over a period of time, innovation has become the key for developing ownership advantages for emerging market MNEs. To examine the firm-level determinants of innovation for emerging market MNEs, this paper looks at the case of firms in the Indian chemicals and chemical products industry. The chemicals and chemical products industry is a high-technology and research-intensive industry and serves as a base for other industries. Hence, innovation in this sector can have spillover effects on other related industries as well. Employing panel data regression and using R&D (capital and current account) intensity and R&D (current account) intensity, empirical analysis has been conducted for the period 2009-2016. The results depict that young firms are more innovative. Growth, capital intensity, employee skills intensity, export intensity, import intensity and technology purchase intensity of firms significantly and positively affects innovation. In contrast, profit intensity negatively influences innovation.
  Keywords: emerging market MNEs; innovation; chemicals industry; India; R&D intensity.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2021.10041375
   
  
• Adoption of NFC-mobile payments by Generation Y consumers in Punjab: Empirical Evidence from UTAUT  
  by Sandeep Kaur, Nidhi Walia 
  Abstract: Although near field communication technology represents an opportunity for India to embrace the next frontier of mobile payments. However, consumers adoption of NFC-mobile payments is still lagged compared to QR mobile payment system. Therefore, the current research explores the potential of unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT) integrated with adoption readiness (AR) and perceived risk (PR) in explaining Generation Y consumers adoption of NFC-mobile payments in Punjab. The results based on structural equation modelling (SEM) analysis of 500 smartphone users indicate that perceived usefulness (PE), perceived ease of use (EE), facilitating conditions (FC), and social influence (SI) are vital dimensions of adoption readiness; which positively influence the behavioural intention. On the other hand, Perceived risk measured through security, privacy, and financial risk negatively influences behavioural intention (BI) to use NFC-mobile payments. Finally, the paper highlights the key implications for stakeholders.
  Keywords: NFC-mobile payments; Generation Y; UTAUT; perceived risk; adoption readiness; behavioural intention.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2021.10041378
   
  
• One marketing metric to rule them all? An examination of the emergence and rise of Net Promoter Score as a marketing fashion  
  by Dag Øivind Madsen  
  Abstract: Net promoter score (NPS) is heralded by its proponents as the quintessential marketing metric for measuring customer and brand loyalty. The popularity of NPS is currently very high, especially in North American companies, and the frenetic interest has led some commentators to state that it resembles a religion. In the current paper, the emergence and rise of NPS is examined using management fashion theory as an interpretive lens and organising framework. The findings indicate that the NPS concept exhibits several of the key characteristics and hallmarks of management fashions. However, in recent years, the concept has attracted more scrutiny and negative publicity. Therefore, it can be argued that the NPS concept, at least to some extent, has fallen victim to its own success. The paper discusses these findings about NPS’s evolutionary trajectory and lifecycle in light of theories about management fads and fashions.
  Keywords: net promoter score; NPS; marketing metric; management concept; management fashion; emergence; rise; evolution; lifecycle.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2021.10041533
   
  
• Impact of Business Intelligence Capabilities on Competitive Performance of pharmaceutical manufacturing companies in Jordan  
  by Mujahed AlTahraw, Mohammad Almarshad, Mosa Al-qaryouti, Majdi Al Habash 
  Abstract: This study aimed to shed light on the impact of business intelligence capabilities as one of the methodologies dedicated to dealing with dynamic environments on competitive performance. The study population was represented by managers working in pharmaceutical manufacturing companies as it is one of the leading industrial fields in Jordan. A sample of 1,458 managers was reached. In this study, structural equation modelling (SEM) was used for data analysis and hypothesis testing. The results showed that business intelligence capabilities had a positive impact on competitive performance. Accordingly, this study contributes to developing the theory of dynamic capabilities supported by modern technology, as well as it urges managers to increase the skill of employees to interact and use systems supported by information technology by providing training programs and seminars that contribute to increasing their awareness of the conditions of the dynamic business environment.
  Keywords: business intelligence capabilities; BIC; competitive performance; pharmaceuticals manufacturing companies; Jordan.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2021.10041557
   
  
• Designing the Leadership Model for Knowledge-based Enterprises via Mixed Research Methodology  
  by Hadi Teimouri, Somayeh Salem, Mohammad Hosein Moshref Javadi, Ali Shaemi Barzoki 
  Abstract: The current study aimed to design the leadership model for knowledge-oriented enterprises in Isfahan province via the mixed-research methodology and the use of the grounded theory in qualitative section. To this end, a group of primary themes was collected during a coding process and some categories were extracted besides performing open interviews with 17 senior managers of the knowledge-based enterprises and academic experts. Then, the link among these categories was explained in the form of causal conditions, axial phenomenon, underlying conditions, intervening conditions, and strategies and consequences in the framework of coding paradigm and a theory was created. In the quantitative section, the governing relations and goodness of all major factors of the proposed qualitative model were evaluated and confirmed via structural equation modelling by means of AMOS software.
  Keywords: leadership; leadership of knowledge-based enterprises; knowledge-based enterprises; knowledge employees; grounded theory.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2021.10041645
   
  
• Determinants of Facebook adoption as a marketing strategy among services-sector in north-western Nigeria  
  by Idris N. Abdullahi, Mohd Heikal Husin, Ahmad Suhaimi Baharudin 
  Abstract: Despite the benefits of Facebook to small and medium enterprises (SMEs), little is known about the determinants of Facebook adoption by SMEs in developing countries. This paper investigates the effect of relative advantage, perceived risks, top management support, organisational readiness, competitive pressure, and government support on Facebook adoption using data from 153 decision-makers of service SMEs in north-western Nigeria. The technology-organisation-environment framework (TOE) was utilised as a theoretical basis. Data was collected via an online survey and analysed using SmartPLS 3.2.8. Relative advantage, top management support, organisational readiness, and government support showed a significant and positive effect on Facebook adoption. Perceived risk was found to have a significant negative impact, while competitive pressure does not influence Facebook adoption. Findings from this research can be used by managers, SME owners, and policymakers in Nigeria to improve the Facebook adoption by SMEs in the services sector of north-western Nigeria.
  Keywords: Facebook adoption; service sector; small and medium enterprises; SMEs; Nigeria; marketing strategy.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2021.10041803
   
  
• Electronic Archiving Quality and Employees’ Performance: The Mediating Role of Organizational Development  
  by Nida'a Al-Husban, Sulieman Al-hawary 
  Abstract: This study purposed to investigate the impact of electronic archiving quality on employees’ performance in the presence of organisational development as a mediating variable. The qualitative questionnaire was utilised to measure levels and relationships among variables in the ministry of planning and international cooperation. A total of 260 questionnaires were distributed using the complete census method to the employees, whereby 186 questionnaires were returned and used for analysis. By using structural equation modelling (SEM), data have been analysed to test the study hypotheses and meet its objectives. The study results indicated that a significant relationship between electronic archiving quality and both employees’ performance and organisational development. Indeed, organisational development was found a mediating variable in the impact relationship between electronic archiving quality and employees’ performance. Consequently, the study contributes to highlighting the role of electronic archiving as a factor related to the theory of change that aims to enhance the organisations’ ability to cope with rapid change environments. Moreover, the study suggested to adopt a digital transformation strategy by providing the developing equipment and supplies for employees to perform their duties in the best way.
  Keywords: electronic archiving quality; employees’ performance; Ministry of Planning and International Cooperation; organisational development; Jordan.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2021.10041851
   
  
• CSR in Engineering Education: Evidences from India and Abroad  
  by Aashish Bhardwaj, Anu Gupta, Samira Tawangar 
  Abstract: Corporate social responsibility (CSR) aligns a company’s social and environmental activities with business purposes and values. Companies extend help for building social infrastructure, helping local communities, improving workplace conditions for labours and economic development at large. All these activities improve company’s market value and help in gaining competitive advantages over other companies in same segment. This paper presents activities extended by companies (mainly software companies) for supporting the technical education and their effect on the society. Notable CSR projects from the prominent companies have been identified and their contribution to the technical education has been presented from the Indian as a well as global perspective. All such CSR initiatives help to mitigate risks, enhance reputation and contribute to business results. At the same time, benefits to engineering students include their work experience on live project, international certifications and tag of
  Keywords: corporate social responsibility; CSR; corporate philanthropy; Microsoft IT Academy; TEALS; Infosys campus connect; Cisco Networking Academy; India.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2021.10041864
   
  
• Digitalization in accounting according to accountants' perception: An extended TAM model  
  by MALIK A.B.U. AFIFA, Hien Vo Van, Trang Le Hoang Van 
  Abstract: The main purpose of this study is to investigate whether accountants’ knowledge and skills about technology affect the level of digitalisation in accounting using the expanded TAM model. The study data was collected using an online questionnaire, where it sent randomly to 1,200 listed companies in Vietnam (one questionnaire for each company). The findings of this study indicated that skills about technology were positively linked with the level of digitalisation in accounting and had a stronger influence than knowledge and perceived usefulness about that technology. Besides, the level of digitalisation in accounting was not linked with perceived ease of use. Further findings showed the importance of perceived usefulness as it plays mediating role in the relationship between both technological knowledge and skills with the level of digitalisation in accounting. Finally, in the trend of digitalisation, Vietnamese companies should apply digital technology to maintain their competitive advantage and ensure their survival.
  Keywords: accountant knowledge; accountant skills; technology; digitalisation; accounting; extended TAM.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2021.10041901
   
  
• Improving Employee Performance, Commitment and Satisfaction through Leadership Style: Mediating Effect of Employee Satisfaction  
  by Zubair Hassan, Abdul Basit 
  Abstract: This research examined the impact of the leadership styles on employee performance, commitment, and satisfaction as well as the mediating effect of employee satisfaction. A sample of 304 Malaysian IT employees were selected using simple random probability sampling. Data was analysed using structural equation modelling via AMOS 22. The result shows that both leadership styles have significant effects on employee performance, commitments, and satisfaction. Also, we found that democratic leadership has significantly positive effect on performance, commitment, and satisfaction, while laissez-faire leadership style has significantly negative effects on employee performance, commitment, and satisfaction. Furthermore, we found that satisfaction has no mediating effects on the relationship between leadership styles, commitment, and performance. Therefore, we concluded that cultivating democratic leadership style will enhances employee performance, commitments, and satisfaction. Implication of research was discussed.
  Keywords: leadership style; commitment; performance; satisfaction; IT-firms; Malaysia.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2021.10041945
   
  
• Innovativeness in the economic system: the Italian experience  
  by Guido Migliaccio, Pietro Pavone 
  Abstract: The innovative potential of modern economic systems has become a fundamental variable. This study examines the profitability of innovative start-ups in the Italian ecosystem, considering the period 2014
  Keywords: profitability performance; innovative start-ups; financial statement analysis; ratios; analysis of variance; Italian.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2021.10042023
   
  
• A quantitative review and analysis of social commerce adoption studies by focusing on applied theories  
  by Nasibeh Pouti, Mohammad Taghi Taghavifard 
  Abstract: This study aims to examine the evolution of related studies on the acceptance and use of social media in business. To this aim, the basic theory approach was used. Based on a systematic review, 259 related studies were identified in three stages and analysed with an emphasis on basic theories. Accordingly, 36 major theories were evaluated based on their dimensions, applications, and business processes used in their studies, as well as the type of social media, the research methodology, and input and output of the study. Accordingly, technology acceptance model, social support theory, theory of planned behaviour, theory of rational action, social influence theory, and social exchange theory were considered as the most widely used theories. In addition, perceived ease of use and usefulness, attitude, user satisfaction, value, trust, informational and emotional support, reviews and social influence have been most widely used in social commerce acceptance studies.
  Keywords: adoption and use; social media; basic theories.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2021.10042100
   
  
• Impact of Organisational Capabilities on R&D Project Innovation Performance of E&E Manufacturing Firms in Malaysia  
  by Asmat-Nizam Abdul-Talib, Chee Wei Keung 
  Abstract: Innovation is vital as it contributes to business sustainability and success in a rapidly changing business environment characterised by high customer expectations and requirements, as well as business and technology competitions. Thus, organisational capabilities are expected to influence organisational performance directly. This research investigated the impact of organisational capabilities (i.e., technological marketing, customer relationship management, and management capabilities) on the research and development (R&D) project innovation performance of manufacturing firms. Data were collected through an online survey involving 56 electronic and electrical (E&E) manufacturing firms in Malaysia. The results indicated that marketing and management capabilities had a significant positive impact on R&D project innovation performance. However, unexpectedly, customer relationship management and technological capabilities did not show a significant effect on R&D project innovation performance. Of the two significant predictors of innovation performance, management capabilities were found to be a stronger contributor compared to marketing capabilities.
  Keywords: organisational capabilities; research and development; R&D; innovation; electronic and electrical industry; manufacturing firms; performance.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2021.10042101
   
  
• Customers’ Acceptance of Digital Marketing Techniques: The Impact of Search Engine, E-mail, and Social Media Marketing  
  by Shadi Altarifi, Ali Al- Quran, Hanan Almomani, Mohammad Eldahamsheh, Anber Mohammad, Sulieman Al-hawary 
  Abstract: The aim of this study is to explore customers’ acceptance of digital marketing techniques. Based on a literature review on digital marketing research, three techniques were chosen for the purpose of the study: search engine, email, and social media marketing. Data were collected using a questionnaire administered to grocery customers. Ninety-eight questionnaires were returned with a response rate of 65%. Analysing data using IBM SPSS and Smart PLS 3.0, the results found that both search engines and emails had no significant effects on customers’ acceptance of digital marketing. On the other hand, the results showed that social media as a common technique among customers had a significant and positive effect on customers’ acceptance of digital marketing. The contribution of the study is that it established a link between customer perspectives and digital marketing acceptance. Research implications, recommendations and future research directions are reported.
  Keywords: digital marketing acceptance; DMA; customers’ perspectives; search engine marketing; SEM; email marketing; social media marketing; SMM.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2021.10042135
   
  
• Recovering from a crisis: Designing and implementing a positive change intervention  
  by Raina Chhajer, Ankita Tandon, Thomas Joseph 
  Abstract: This qualitative study examines the nuances of a positive organisational change initiative at a Middle Eastern financial services firm after the global financial crisis of 2008. This study employs a single-case study design. Data was collected through semi-structured interviews, stories, audiovisuals, and secondary sources and analysed using the thematic analysis approach. We identify specific positive practices and enablers of successful positive organisational change. The findings suggest that four positive practices opportunity to connect, display of hidden talents, building personal skills, moments of playfulness, and four enablers of change formation of high-quality connections, individual capacity building, enhanced job engagement, experience and display of positive emotions lead to high performance. Our study contributes by developing a theoretical and actionable framework for designing and implementing positive change interventions, especially as organisations recover from major crises.
  Keywords: positive organisational change; positive practices; job engagement; high-quality connections; positive emotions; Middle East.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2021.10042174
   
  
• The Impact of Textual and Automated Analysis in Auditing and Accounting  
  by Amanina Rahman, Ulaganathan Subramanian, Minh-Son Dao 
  Abstract: Rapid advances in textual analysis and its applications in the field of auditing and accounting have received a lot of attention in this profession. This paper is focusing on the impact of textual and automated analysis in both the areas. This paper analysed the roles, benefits and risk associated with applying textual and automated analysis in the audit and accounting profession. The research used secondary data focusing on current literature centred on the two areas and the history to analyse the impact of textual and automated analysis. This paper concludes that that textual and automated analysis will benefit to Accounting and Auditing profession.
  Keywords: textual analysis; accounting; auditing.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2021.10042178
   
  
• Cryptoeconomics as a Market Shaping Phenomenon upon Business Model Innovation: A Systematic Literature Review  
  by Allysson Allex Araújo, Pamella Soares, Raphael Saraiva, Samuel Câmara, Jerffeson Souza 
  Abstract: An innovative business model (BM) can either create a new market or allow a company to shape new opportunities in the existing market. A new market that has been enabling novel ways of value proposition is the one covered by the BMs based on cryptoeconomics. However, the academic knowledge about cryptoeconomics as a market shaping phenomenon upon business model innovation (BMI) is spread across the literature, and no previous study has systematically reviewed this promising state-of-the-art. In order to clarify how this market has been shaped in practice, we systematically reviewed this literature aiming to identify what topics have been empirically investigated and what are currently the challenges as well as limitations that need further investigations. Evidences from the reviewed studies demonstrate that cryptoassets represent a sparking scenario for BMI research. For practitioners, our findings reveal opportunities for the use of cryptoassets by covering different market segments and value propositions.
  Keywords: cryptoeconomics; business model innovation; BMI; blockchain; market shaping; systematic literature review; SLR.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2021.10042181
   
  
• Transportation Model of Humanitarian Logistics: Case of COVID-19 Monsoon Floods  
  by Yudi Fernando, Muhammad Shabir Shaharudin, Umi Nadhira Abdul Majid, Imran Syamil Zahanapi 
  Abstract: It is a challenging task to manage humanitarian logistics during COVID-19. This paper investigates how firms overcome floods and the COVID-19 pandemic transportation model simultaneously due to its severity on firms’ performance. This paper aims to examine the transportation model’s optimism, which needs to select the best route to deliver the monsoon floods relief operations during the COVID-19 pandemic. Arena software with a discrete event simulation and a multilayer perceptron (MLP) analysis using a deep learning technique was deployed in the method. The simulation software shows the most effective scenario with flexibility and MLP with root relative squared results found that disaster operations for mitigation are the most critical humanitarian performance indicators. The humanitarian logistics model is practical for NGOs or government agencies since it was designed with the COVID-19 scenario. The simulation technique is suitable for solving a practical problem and providing an alternative solution to humanitarian logistics.
  Keywords: transportation model; discrete event; simulation; non-government organisation; humanitarian logistics; multilayer perceptron; MLP; deep learning; COVID-19.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2021.10042238
   
  
• The role of organizational culture and decision making in achieving organizational innovative capability and organizational performance: The moderating role of allocentrism  
  by Mehmet KIZILOGLU, Mohammad Ali Yamin 
  Abstract: This study strives to investigate factor influence on organisation innovative capability and organisational performance with an integrative research model that combines factors such as organisational culture, decision making style and allocentrism. For research design, researcher has followed quantitative research approach under positivist paradigm. Sample size is computed with prior-power analysis. Using convenience sampling approach 299 valid responses were received from respondents. Data were analysed with latest statistical approach namely structural equation modelling (SEM). Results indicate that the research model has substantial variance R^2 79.7% in organisational innovative capability. Theoretically, these findings enrich organisational culture and decision-making style literature. Practically, this research suggests that factors like allocentrism, culture adaptability and culture consistency are the most influential factors for managerial consideration.
  Keywords: organisational innovative capability; organisational culture; decision making style; allocentrism; structural equation modelling; SEM.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2021.10042431
   
  
• Tactical capabilities in agile NPD projects: Insights from an autonomous car project in Sweden  
  by Gouthanan Pushpananthan, Ludvig Lindlöf, Marcus Rothoff 
  Abstract: Research on project management and new product development (NPD) identifies both strategy and tactics as important for success. Whilst there is a lot of attention on strategy, few studies address the role of tactics in NPD projects. In the pursuit for increasing organisational abilities to manage uncertainty, agile is increasingly getting traction in large firms. Both tactical activities and agile methodology deal with adapting to emergent challenges and handling uncertainty in projects. This motivated this study of how an agile transformation initiative influences tactical activities within NPD projects. The paper is based on a longitudinal case study of Volvo Car Group’s autonomous car project. The case firm’s transformation from waterfall to agile method provided the possibility to understand how tactical activities differ between the two methods. By using observations from the case, we argue that agile development method facilitates the use of tactics in NPD projects.
  Keywords: tactics; new product development; NPD; agile; empowered teams; case study; autonomous cars; Sweden.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2021.10042530
   
  
• Entrepreneurial organisational identity in the Sharing Economy: an identity claims and legitimacy granting approach  
  by João Miguel Cotrim, Francisco Nunes 
  Abstract: As an emergent phenomenon offering pathways towards sustainability, the sharing economy is a generic category representing multiple entrepreneurial ventures or sharing-based programs (SBPs). To become viable, SBPs must position themselves regarding, and obtain legitimacy from, other stakeholders. The nature of this self-presentation strategy and legitimacy granting process is mostly unknown. This paper aims to fill this gap by analysing how 40 SBP present themselves and the nature of legitimacy granted by 95 stakeholders to four prototypical SBPs. Results reveal that SBPs claim to be a part of a global movement, acting as agents of change in contemporary matters: the widespread prevalence of information technologies; the desirability of empowering people; social cohesion as a requirement in a globalised world; sustainability as a precondition of a more auspicious world. External audiences have granted legitimacy to SBPs through four types of legitimation: sameness, distinctiveness, cognitive and, to a less extent, socio-political.
  Keywords: sharing economy; identity claims; legitimacy granting; SBPs; prototypical entrepreneurial organisations; stakeholders.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2021.10042822
   
  
• Business Ethics-Strategic Performance Linkage: Evidence from Jordan  
  by Fuad N. Al-Shaikh 
  Abstract: This research aimed at investigating the mediating effect of ethical culture on the relationship between business ethics and financial performance. The population of the study consisted of 193 business companies listed on the Amman Stock Exchange. Performance measurement relied on data for the years (2016
  Keywords: business ethics; strategic performance; ethical culture; Jordan.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2021.10042823
   
  
• The Role of Anticipated Guilt in Consumer Adoption of Eco-innovation  
  by Ansab K. V, Pavan Kumar 
  Abstract: Consumer emotions have been explored from a broader perspective. However, the influence of specific emotions (such as guilt) in consumer decision-making remains ambiguous. Also, studies on the role of anticipated emotions are still in its early stages in consumer behaviour. Guilt is one of the most relevant negative emotion which influences sustainable behaviour of consumers. Literature review revealed that guilt is less researched in the context of green consumer behaviour. In this article, authors focus on anticipated emotion, specifically,
  Keywords: anticipated emotions; guilt; anticipated guilt; eco-innovation adoption; theory of planned behaviour; TPB; green consumer behaviour.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2021.10042861
   
  
• Consumer acceptance toward Blockchain Technology for Anti-counterfeiting: Hype, Credence or Future  
  by Geetika Jain, Archana Shrivastava, Mohsen Brahmi 
  Abstract: Blockchain, a decentralised protocol, is broadly considered to have a huge innovation potential in all fields. To date, it is largely in the banking arena where blockchain use cases have been identified. One of the most convincing objectives of using blockchain technology for the purpose of anti-counterfeiting is its ability to detect an error and eliminate any fraudulent activity. Use of the blockchain technology will be revolutionary in the fashion industry, where difficulty in identification and lack of transparency are major challenges. Implementation of blockchain is a long-term project as it depends on network effects as well as on defining the regulatory conditions. This study is an attempt to understand the customers’ acceptance towards implementation of blockchain technology for anti-counterfeiting for branded fashion accessories through the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT).
  Keywords: consumer acceptance; blockchain technology; innovation; anti-counterfeit; UTAUT.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2021.10042862
   
  
• Sustainable Transport: Co-Creation of Business with Customer Perceived Values  
  by Dileep Kumar M., Vinod Sharma, Chandan Maheshkar 
  Abstract: The selection of a mode of transport is varying based on the satisfaction commuters derived during their journey. Due to heavy traffic jams on-peak hours, commuters are switching over from road transport to rail transport. Nevertheless, such change of mode of transport is not permanent, since their intention to make use of one mode of transport rests with several aspects such as overall service quality, train fare, customer satisfaction, and the likes. Expectation disconfirmation theory states that the satisfaction of the customers depends on confirming the expectation of the customer. The study follows quantitative research with a cross-sectional design with the application of PLS-SEM, to explain the relationship between independent and dependent variables selected. The study provides practical and theoretical implications facilitating better managerial decisions to the Klang valley mass rapid transit (MRT) organisation which facilitates better public transport appreciation from the customers.
  Keywords: mass rapid transport; perceived value; customer satisfaction; train fare; behavioural intention; expectation disinformation theory.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2021.10042906
   
  
• HOW DOES VIETNAMESE STAFF MAKE BUYING DECISION OF ONLINE SERVICE VOUCHER  
  by Giao Ha Nam Khanh  
  Abstract: The main objectives of this research are to identify effecting factors on Vietnamese staff’s buying decision of online service voucher, to measure the impact of each factor, and to test the differences in the decision to purchase online service vouchers of Vietnamese staff through demographic factors by conducting interview to 331 staff who have ever bought online service voucher. The tools of Cronbach’s alpha analysis, exploratory factor analysis and multiple linear regression analysis were used with the SPSS program. The result shows that the impacts of the factors on staff purchase decision of online service voucher in Vietnam decreasingly: reference group, credibility, website responsiveness, price, online shopping experience, convenience. The research also rises some suggestions to the website-owned companies to enhance capability of selling online service voucher.
  Keywords: buying decision; online service voucher; Vietnamese staff.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2021.10042932
   
  
• Implementation of Blockchain technology in Industry 4.0: The digital banking transactions and challenges  
  by Anitha Kumari 
  Abstract: The remarkable progression of blockchain technology on the edge of the fourth industrial revolution will require new economic and organisational structures to achieve sustainable growth in every sector, especially in banking and finance. Blockchain technology in industry 4.0 revitalises technological adaptation and illuminates the global banking industry with the high potential value of cryptocurrency, secure protocols, and distributed ledger technology. The research objective of the study is to overview the industrial revolution, blockchain technology in industry 4.0, and the implementation challenges of the banking and finance industry. This study examines the understanding of technological advancement in industrial penetration that empowers a complete digital transformation of traditional banking services by integrating blockchain. The systematic literature review results highlight the blockchain technology implementation challenges and the benefits of the emerging technologies in industry 4.0. Understanding the technological revolution would enable bankers to implement industrial-based blockchain applications for transparent, secure, and fast transactions.
  Keywords: blockchain technology; industry 4.0; internet of things; financial technology; digital banking.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2021.10043038
   
  
• Taking innovators to the top  
  by Pryscilla A. V. Oliveira, Mario Salerno 
  Abstract: Strategic innovation is crucial for sustainable competitive advantage, but its intrinsic nature causes many dismissals. While expert leadership tends to perform better in innovation, innovation managers struggle to ascend to top- management positions. This paper aims to verify how this formula is equalised in two different realities, the most innovative companies in the world and Brazil, by analysing the CEOs’ career in the most innovative companies to verify to what extent they have an innovation background from 2016 to 2020 and how it was deployed. The results present a low, but growing representativeness of innovative CEOs in worldwide companies, indicating that top world companies are starting to perceive innovation capability as crucial for strategic positions. Companies have to support the creation of an innovation business function, be aware of their decision-making processes and have suitable HR practices for innovators. Having innovative leadership is essential to overcome obstacles and improve performance.
  Keywords: strategic innovation; radical innovation; breakthrough innovation; disruptive innovation; innovation management career; CEO career; TMT career; human resource practices; innovation expertise.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2021.10043041
   
  
• EXAMINING PREDICTORS OF BEHAVIOURAL SHIFT AMONG CONSUMERS DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC  
  by Prerna Garg, Daviender Narang 
  Abstract: The COVID-19 pandemic and social distancing mandates have completely disturbed the buying patterns of the consumer and have directed them towards new habits. The shift from going to the stores for shopping on weekends to hoarding of daily essentials and online ordering, once permissible have taught consumers some new ideas of coping up with this situation and adapting to the new normal. However, these behavioural changes are not uniformly applicable to all the categories of consumers. since the involvement level of consumers varies from product to product and situation to situation, therefore the present study attempts to review existing literature on different categories of consumers in India, their characteristics and their behavioural patterns during and post COVID-19. Subsequently, the study aims at identifying prominent factors affecting consumer’s behavioural patterns post-COVID-19 and lays the premise for further investigation by other researchers to extend these factors in examining new relationships.
  Keywords: consumer behaviour; behavioural intention; attitude; COVID-19; pandemic; exploratory factor analysis.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2021.10043091
   
  
• Innovation and Performance: Case Study of a Bank in Botswana  
  by Mpho M. Gaosegelwe, Gladness L. Monametsi 
  Abstract: The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between innovation, and bank performance. Factor analysis was used to ascertain the reliability of the survey instrument used in the study. Principal components analysis was used to identify and compute composite scores for the factors underlying the scale. The hypotheses were tested using regression analysis to ascertain the relationships of the three-predictor variables with that of the dependent variable. The finding of the factor analysis revealed robustness of the measurement scale, and the scale was found to be moderately internally consistent. Results of the regression analysis showed that product innovation and process innovation are moderate predictors of performance of the bank. In contrast, organisational innovation proved to be a weak predictor of performance. The findings of the study suggest that to improve performance, banks should introduce more innovative products and innovate their processes of delivery to customers.
  Keywords: innovation; bank performance; product innovation; process innovation; organisational innovation; Botswana.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2021.10043212
   
  
• Organisational Justice as antecedent to Innovative Work Behaviour: A Systematic Literature Review  
  by Anu Singh Lather, SIMRAN KAUR 
  Abstract: This study aimed to examine and evaluate the qualities of the studies highlighting the impact of organisational justice on innovative work. The preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) criteria were used to conduct this study. These principles ensure that reviews and meta-analyses are conducted methodically and transparently. A total of 43 primary studies from the years 2000 to 2021 were selected and examined. It was found that all the dimensions of organisational justice (distributive, interactional, and procedural justice) play a significant role in explaining deviance in employees perception towards organisations climate towards creativity. Based on the current research, the existing theoretical frameworks can be improved. Researchers can use empirical methods to test the relationship established between organisational justice perception and innovative work behaviour. In addition, moderating effects of different organisational factors like leadership style, knowledge sharing, conflict management, organisational learning capacity can be analysed to better understand the relationship between organisational justice perception and innovative work behaviour.
  Keywords: organisational justice perception; innovative work; meta-analysis; PRISMA; MMAT.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2021.10043213
   
  
• Social Intelligence and Individual Work Performance: A Mediator Model of Islamic Work Ethics  
  by H. Hartini, A. Fakhrorazi, Muhamad Fairuz Ahmad Jasmi, Yudi Fernando, Kamarul Azman Khamis 
  Abstract: The application of Islamic work ethics, especially in Islamic countries, has gained considerable attention among scholars further to analyse this variable’s influence on various work outcomes. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship between social intelligence (SQ) and individual work performance (IWP) with the mediating role of Islamic work ethics (IWEs) among Malaysian public service employees. The primary data were gathered from respondents using a self-administered questionnaire. A total of 450 questionnaires were distributed, and 174 were usable for further investigation. The purposive sampling method was applied to select the respondents. In analysing the data, we used the PLS-SEM, and the results show that IWE partially mediates the relationship between individual work performance and SQ. The findings provide insight into the critical role of IWE and SQ in improving employee’s work performance. Thus, public service organisations in Malaysia should provide positive reinforcements for learning and improving IWE and SQ in the workplace.
  Keywords: Islamic work ethics; IWEs; social intelligence; work performance; Malaysian public employees.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2021.10043216
   
  
• Investigating the effect of Human Resource Practices on Job Crafting and Work Engagement towards Innovative Work Behavior in the Airline Industry  
  by Farhana Abdullah, Haniruzila Hanifah, Ali Vafaei-Zadeh, Khaled Nawaser 
  Abstract: This research aimed at investigating the roles of human resource practices on work engagement and job crafting towards innovative work behaviour in airline industry. A total of 119 usable questionnaires were obtained for the final data analysis using partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM). The findings indicated that HR practices had a positive impact towards work engagement. However, the effect of HR practices on job crafting was found to be insignificant while surprisingly work engagement had a strong and positive impact towards job crafting. Besides, the effect of job crafting and work engagement on innovative work behaviour found to be significantly positive. The survey findings contribute to literature on the relationship between HR practices, work engagement, job crafting, and innovative work behaviour. The present study offers top management of the airline industry a vital insight into the variables significantly improving the innovative work behaviour among employees.
  Keywords: human resource practices; work engagement; job crafting; innovative work behaviour; IWB; airline industry.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2021.10043301
   
  
• Evaluating the Jordanian University Graduates' Entrepreneurship Skills  
  by Shadi Altahat, Yousef Alsafadi, Abdalah Gazan 
  Abstract: Entrepreneurship is fundamental to modern economics and technological development, and is vital to transitioning towards an interconnected digital economy, which requires adequate entrepreneurial skills that support this development. This study aimed to reveal the ability of Jordanian university graduates in some majors to pursue entrepreneurial work through examining their possession of entrepreneurial skills. This study utilised the descriptive, analytical approach on a sample of 322 graduate students. The study found that the degree of entrepreneurial skill possession among Jordanian university graduate students was moderate. However, graduates with prior work experience were found to have a significantly greater degree of entrepreneurial skills possession than those without. Moreover, among university graduates who have prior work experience, entrepreneurship personal skills were most available, followed by entrepreneurship technical skills, whereas entrepreneurship management skills were the least available. The study recommends universities enhance their course plan by adding practical courses to develop entrepreneurial skills.
  Keywords: entrepreneurship personal skills; EPS; entrepreneurship; management skills; entrepreneurship technical skills; ETS; Jordanian university graduates’.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2021.10043832
   
  
• Nexus between women directors and firm performance: a study on BSE 200 companies  
  by Najul Laskar, Khalada Sultana Choudhury, Jayanal Uddin Ahmed, Shahbaz Babar Khan, Shamil Mohammed 
  Abstract: The present study is a modest attempt to investigate the impact of gender diversity on firm performance of BSE 200 listed companies. The study is based on the secondary data collected from the EMIS database and the corporate governance reports for a period of eight years i.e., from 2012 to 2019. Sample size of the present study is 174 Indian companies listed in the Bombay Stock Exchange. The study has employed multiple regression models by considering the endogeneity issue to empirically test the impact of gender diversity on firm performance in Indian context. Based on the multiple regression models, we find that the impact of gender diversity is positive and significant on the market-based measure of firm performance. However, the impact becomes negative significant when firm performance was measured by accounting based measure of firm performance.
  Keywords: gender diversity; return on assets; return on capital employed; Tobin’s Q; market capitalisation; endogeneity; India.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2021.10043979
   
  
• The roles of absorptive capacity, IT advancement and innovativeness in moving up the value chain by Indian IT service organisations  
  by Mahendramohan Balathandayuthapani, Kannabiran Ganesan, P. Sridevi 
  Abstract: Indian information technology (IT) service organisations have been dwelling at the lower levels of the IT services value chain, providing low value-added services. Competition from other low-cost nations and automation of services are forcing them to move up the value chain and offer high-value services. Emerging technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI), data science and internet of things (IoT) are also generating a plethora of opportunities to move up the value chain. To exploit these opportunities, Indian IT service organisations should upgrade their capabilities. We develop a theoretical model based on the absorptive capacity perspective to understand the phenomenon of moving up the value chain. Structural equation modelling was used to analyse the responses from 188 employees of Indian IT service organisations. The study establishes the importance of the service organisation’s absorptive capacity, IT advancement and innovativeness in moving up the value chain.
  Keywords: absorptive capacity; information technology advancement; innovativeness; moving-up value chain; information technology service.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2021.10043995
   
  
• A Pre-Merger Study on Perception and Experience of Employees Working in Public Sector Banks in India  
  by Sikha Sadani, Chandana Goswami 
  Abstract: The purpose of the paper is to study the perception and experience of bank employees prior to the merger of ten public sector banks into four, which took place in April, 2020. The study focussed on five dimensions
  Keywords: banking sector; merger; employees; perception; public sector; India; experience; employee satisfaction; psychology.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2021.10043999
   
  
• The Role of the Core Requirements of Basel III Committee's Decisions in Improving Internal Audit Quality under Corporate Governance in Jordanian Commercial Banks  
  by Nofan Hamid Al-Olimat, Mohammad Naser Hamdan, Dea’a Al-Deen Al-Sraheen, Hamza A. Alali 
  Abstract: Through banking supervision, the Basel 3 reports strengthen the solidity of financial stability and compatibility among national supervisory systems and practices. This study examines the role of Basel 3 under core requirement using regulatory capital, capital adequacy ratio, and financial gearing ratio to improve internal audit quality. The methodology used involved a quantitative method using questionnaire distributed among internal audit, risk management and credit staff in 20 banks, after which 79 from the distributed 90 questionnaires were deemed valid for analysis. The software used for processing and analysing data was smart PLS. After data analysis, the study results showed that there is a statistically significant positive moderating role of Basel 3 Committee in improving internal audit quality under corporate governance in Jordanian commercial banks.
  Keywords: Basel 3; internal audit quality; corporate governance; Jordanian commercial banks.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2021.10044003
   
  
• Title: Business Model Innovation for Inclusive Development: Case Studies of Infrastructure Development in India  
  by Xinlu Qiu, Rekha Rao-Nicholson 
  Abstract: There has been growing recognition of the challenges of inclusive development in developing economies. However, very few studies have looked at the business model innovation of domestic companies under different resource constraints. In this study, we examined the business model innovation of private firms engaged in the inclusive development of public infrastructure development facilitates. By analysing two case studies on public infrastructure in India as the empirical context of this study, we highlight areas where private firms can introduce innovation into their business models. We extend the current business value creation and exploitation model in private firms to include an active interface between private firms and public organisations. Thus, we expand the literature on business model innovation in developing countries. While these innovations generate profits for private firms, they do not undermine the overall benefit generated in the country due to the adoption of world-class public infrastructure for inclusive development.
  Keywords: business model innovation; inclusive development; public infrastructure; innovation; India.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2021.10044078
   
  
• E-Service Quality Subdimensions and their Effects upon Users’ Behavioral and Praising Intentions in Internet Banking Services  
  by Cemil Kuzey, Muhammet Sait Dinc, Ali Haydar Gungormus 
  Abstract: The purpose of this study is to explore the effect of electronic service quality subdimensions upon the behavioural and praising intentions of users engaged in internet banking. Using the survey method, 203 responses were collected from users of online banking in Turkey. A partial least square structural equation model was constructed to test both the reliability and validity of the measurement, as well as the structural model. The results indicated that emotional benefits, ease of use, and control subdimensions which are influenced through graphical quality and layout clarity have a significant and positive impact upon the behavioural and praising intentions of users of online banking. The study did not find support for the direct effect of layout clarity upon behavioural and praising intentions.
  Keywords: e-service quality; internet banking; partial least square structural equation model; Turkey.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2021.10044174
   
  
• Determinants of FinTech Adoption by Microfinance Institutions in India to Increase Efficiency and Productivity  
  by Nazia Hasan, Anjani Kumar Singh, Ritesh Dwivedi 
  Abstract: The present study attempts to find out the determinants of FinTech adoption for financial inclusion by a microfinance institution in India. The factors such as efficiency, consistency, convenience, reliability is taken as predictors of organisational attitude. Similarly, organisational attitude, ease of use, and perceived benefits are considered as antecedents of organisational adoption intention of FinTech in microfinance institutions of India. The purposive sampling technique was used to get a filled survey instrument by target samples. The results indicate that convenience and consistency in the use of FinTech applications build a favourable attitude to adopt it. Furthermore, perceived benefits are the most important antecedents of the adoption intention of FinTech in the microfinance institution in India. Additionally, the reliability of the application has a positive but insignificant impact on organisational attitude to adopt FinTech. The implications of the present study are discussed.
  Keywords: FinTech; organisational adoption intention; perceived benefits; ease of use; India.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2021.10044269
   
  
• Stakeholder perception on Challenges of Artificial Intelligence implementation in Indian Aviation Industry: A Focus Group Study  
  by Aarushi Jain, Akhil Damodaran, Rupesh Kumar, Deepak Bangwal 
  Abstract: Artificial intelligence (AI) is regarded as an emerging and new face of modern technology or science. Although it has existed for decades, its presence and exigency have been realised recently, especially due to COVID-19. Global economies are experiencing and witnessing the Industrial revolution 4.0. It becomes predominant for the aviation industry to take automation and AI and robotics one step ahead to develop an intelligent industry. The study is an attempt to understand the status of the Indian airport sector to identify where the industry is lacking in terms of technology, infrastructure, and standards and recommended practices (SARPs). This will further help to identify best practices that will improve AI implementation in the Indian airport sector. The experts are invited to understand their perception of AI and the challenges in implementing AI in the aviation industry post-COVID-19 pandemic with the help of a focus group discussion. The major themes are identified from the discussion, namely: the agility of the organisation, stakeholders’ confidence, regulatory challenges, organisation capability. Hence, the study has some critical managerial implications of the identified factors.
  Keywords: artificial intelligence; aviation industry; technology; focus group study; India; airports; COVID-19; Industry 4.0.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2021.10044273
   
  
• Special aspects of the economy digitalization process of CIS countries: Practical aspects  
  by Irina Zedgenizova, Gulnara Pulatova, Tolkunbek Kadyrov, Elena Orkina, Elena Midler, Nikolay Karaulov, Georgy Peshcherov 
  Abstract: The purpose of the article is to study digitalisation process of the CIS countries economy, compare the approaches, successes and complexities arising in this way, including estimation of prospects and trends of the digital economy in these countries. The paper considers the concept
  Keywords: digital economy; high technologies; digitalisation; digital transformation; digital divide; cyber security; fourth industrial revolution; country development; IT business; CIS countries.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2021.10044427
   
  
• Quality of Work Life: An Impact on Bankers Productivity  
  by Habeeb Ur Rahiman, Rashmi Kodikal 
  Abstract: Quality of work life (QWL) is a generic term that includes an employee’s feeling about various aspects of their work including the compensation and rewards, job security, interpersonal relations and the intrinsic meaning of being satisfied in their workplace. This research paper was documented with an intention to understand the influence of the QWL on the productivity of employees working in the banking arena. The study examined the most clout able factors that contributed to the quality of work-life of employees and its correlation on their productivity. A multi-stage sampling method was used to draw a sizeable sample from ten major banks situated in the Karnataka state of India. A total of 756 personnel spread across various branches belonging to rural, semi-urban and urban were covered. The study was validated further by testing various hypotheses drawn based on a review of the literature. The study empirically identified eight major attributes that influence the QWL of bankers. The relationship between QWL and productivity was investigated with notable results using SEM approach.
  Keywords: quality of work life; QWL; productivity; bankers; job satisfaction; working condition; social relevance; and importance.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2021.10044429
   
  
• Influence of Nostalgic Behavior on the Consumption Patterns of Adults: A Conceptual Framework  
  by Manuel Sotelo-Duarte, Rajagopal Rajagopal 
  Abstract: Nostalgia has an intrinsic association with consumer behaviour. Retrieval of memories drives emotions among consumers and reinforces experience-led buying decisions. Despite nostalgia, and consumption being a common practice at various times in life, issues regarding the nostalgia stimuli on customers’ perceptions and buying decisions remain less explored. This article aims at exploring the consumption pattern of adult consumers by analysing the influence of nostalgic behaviour referring to the autobiographic memories and social motivations. It describes the purchase intentions and consumption pattern among adult consumers in the context of self-reference criteria based on nostalgic memories and social motivations. This article offers constructive understanding on establishing relationship between nostalgic memories and consumption pattern over the temporal framework and establishing the brand loyalty and hedonic satisfaction. It contributes to the existing literature by critically examining the theoretical concepts and empirical findings of previous studies on perceptions of consumers on nostalgic emotions and their role in making buying decisions.
  Keywords: nostalgia; memories; consumption behaviour; buying decision; childhood; adulthood; social motivation.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2021.10044432
   
  
• The impact of innovation inputs on apparel industries innovation output. Evidence from top apparel exporter countries.  
  by Temesgen Getachew Atilaw, Daniel Kitaw 
  Abstract: Time sensitive nature of apparel industry and consumers expectation of new products; have put pressure on apparel industries innovation behaviour. The purpose of this study is to investigate the link between innovation inputs to innovation output in apparel industry. This study aspire to identify impact of R&D and non-R&D innovation input activities on innovation outputs based on World Bank enterprise surveys conducted on top four apparel exporting countries; China, Bangladesh, Vietnam, and India. The analytical method divided sample firms into four treatment categories, namely, no innovation activities, non-R&D innovation activities only, R&D innovation activities only, and both R&D and non-R&D innovation activities. The analysis attempts to identify which of the treatment effects promote innovation output. In so doing, IPWRA estimation methods were employed. The notable finding from this study is that irrespective of regional specificities, innovation in apparel industry has a distinctive pattern.
  Keywords: non-R&D; innovation input; innovation output; IPWRA; apparel industry.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2021.10044474
   
  
• MEDIATING EFFECT OF EMPLOYEE ENGAGEMENT ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN JOB SATISFACTION AND ORGANIZATIONAL COMMITMENT IN HIGHER EDUCATION.  
  by Sweta Chauhan, Dr. SHILPA WADHWA, Rahul Raj, Ashish Anand Tripathi, Anuj . 
  Abstract: In recent years, employee engagement (EE) has gained huge attention in organisations and research activities. For both human resources practitioners and academician’s employee engagement is the main focus of interest, and is constantly rated as a major concern of the top management priority list. Employee engagement, on the other hand, has received less attention in Asian higher education institutions. As more Asian firms recognise the value of a productive staff, this study examines the function of employee engagement in mediating the association between job satisfaction and organisational commitment. Employee engagement partially mediates the relationship among job satisfaction and organisational commitment, according to an SEM analysis of 253 online responses from academicians in Uttarakhand. The developed framework was determined to be a suitable fit for the scenario. The findings may persuade higher education policymakers to view employee engagement as an opportunity instead of a liability.
  Keywords: job satisfaction; employee engagement; organisational commitment; higher educational institutions; HEI’s.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2021.10044475
   
  
• The Mediating Role of Logistics Innovativeness on Logistics Capabilities and Supply Chain Performance: Evidence from Defense Industry Companies in Turkey  
  by Karahan Kara 
  Abstract: In today's competitive conditions, supply chain performance enables companies to gain an advantage over rival companies. Logistics capabilities and logistics innovativeness contributes to supply chain performance with innovative attitudes. In this study, the effect of logistics capabilities on supply chain performance and the mediating role of logistics innovativeness in the relationship between logistics capabilities and supply chain performance are discussed. Sampling is 21 defence industry companies in Turkey. In the research method, a questionnaire was applied. A total of 358 successful survey results were obtained from the sampling area. Structural equation models were created with the obtained data set. Hypotheses were tested with the AMOS package program. The findings concluded that the logistics capabilities of defence industry companies have a significant effect on supply chain performance and logistics innovativeness has a full mediating effect between logistics capabilities and supply chain performance. Implications are made based on the findings obtained.
  Keywords: supply chain performance; logistics capabilities; logistics innovativeness; defence industry; mediating effect; Turkey.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2021.10044476
   
  
• Intellectual Capital and its Effect on the Financial Performance of Ethiopian Private Commercial Banks  
  by Abdu Mohammed Assfaw  
  Abstract: This study aims to examine the intellectual capital and its effect on the financial performance of Ethiopian private commercial banks using the pulic model. Quantitative panel data from audited annual reports of Ethiopian private commercial banks from 2011 to 2019 are collected. The robust fixed effect regression model has been adopted to investigate the effect of IC and the financial performance measures of the banks. The study results show a positive relationship between the value added intellectual coefficient (VAIC) and the financial performance of private commercial banks in Ethiopia. The study also revealed that the components of VAIC (i.e., human capital efficiency, capital employed efficiency, and structural capital efficiency) have a positive and significant effect on the financial performance of banks measured by return on asset and return on equity over the study periods. Practically, the results of the study could be useful for shareholders to consider IC as a strategic resource and hence emphasise these intangibles, and to the bank managers to benchmark themselves against the best competitors based on the level of efficiency rankings.
  Keywords: robust fixed effect regression; intellectual capital; VAIC; financial performance; commercial banks; Ethiopia.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2021.10044528
   
  
• Factors Determining the Intention to Use Artificial Intelligence in Accounting in SMEs: Evidence from Vietnam  
  by Hien Vo Van, MALIK A.B.U. AFIFA, Trang Le Hoang Van 
  Abstract: Artificial intelligence (AI) is a relatively new term in accounting in small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in Vietnam. This study aims to build a theoretical model of factors affecting the intention to use AI in accounting in Vietnamese SMEs based on two famous theories called TAM and TOE. Qualitative research was used with case study method through eight discussions with 12 subjects consisting of accountants, directors and experts who have deep knowledge of accounting and technology along with technique of using saturation point in the sampling process. The results were very interesting when we have expanded the TOE theory with five new discovered factors, which are closely related to accounting (system stability, renewal culture, accountants’ capacity, government relevance and finally, training and retraining). It is even more interesting that the attitude toward use factor is removed from the TAM model because of a relatively low approval rate.
  Keywords: artificial intelligence; technology acceptance model; TAM; technology adoption; TOE; expanded TOE; accounting innovation; small and medium enterprises; SMEs; Vietnam.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2021.10044529
   
  
• Integrating customer clustering and QFD to Improve and Develop Services: a Case Study  
  by Neda Lalvand, Mohammad Saleh Owlia 
  Abstract: To be successful in today’s dynamic marketplace, organisations must communicate with customers in order to improve their customer knowledge, such as customer demands and desires, opinions and needs. Current study employs a combination of QFD and customer clustering for the purpose of improving and developing mobile services in order to better meet customer demands and improve the organisation’s performance. The current research model was implemented at the Mobile Telecommunications Company (MCI), of Iran and the corresponding data were collected through the distribution of questionnaires and interviews with experts. Customer clustering was performed using the K-means algorithm. Subsequently, a house of quality matrix was created for each cluster. Finally, recommendations were made to the organisation’s managers regarding the procedures for improving mobile services. Additionally, the priorities and quality of MCI services were compared to those of a competitor company.
  Keywords: customer clustering; quality function development; QFD; mobile phone services; data mining.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2021.10044580
   
  
• Development of Startups Risk Assessment Framework during Covid-19 era  
  by Aswathy Sreenivasan, Marappan Suresh 
  Abstract: Start-ups across all sectors are facing many challenges during the COVID-19 era. This paper aims to assess the significant risks faced by start-ups during the COVID-19 pandemic using a multi-grade fuzzy logic approach. A case study is conducted using multi-grade fuzzy for assessment of manufacturing start-ups’ risk. The conceptual model for evaluation of risk is developed with three enablers, ten criteria, and 33 attributes. The multi-grade fuzzy is used for risk assessment and importance performance analysis (IPA) used for classification of risk attributes. The overall risk index for case start-up is 6.47. It pertains to the range (6
  Keywords: start-up risk; risk assessment; COVID-19 era; new venture; multi-grade fuzzy; importance performance analysis; IPA.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2021.10044609
   
  
• Modelling Firm-level Innovation Value Chain  
  by Shimelis Tilahun, Eshetie Berhan 
  Abstract: Innovation has known in the literature as a deliberate act of firms’ creativity in the intentional and unintentional knowledge management process for the success of business ventures. The innovation value chain has represented in place of the innovation process with a depth view of knowledge production and management through recursive acts. It has also seen as the firm’s creative path to achieve a financial objective through the value capturing process. This study has gone through a fused approach of innovation value chain with the knowledge management process and business model innovation. The new approach has filled a literature gap that comprehends the innovation value chain and business model as independent elements of entrepreneurship. The study has also contributed a methodological approach that can resolve the criticisms of process-based innovation studies. Based on simulation results staying a long time in the imitation process may cause firms to become colonised on imported technologies.
  Keywords: knowledge management process; KMP; business model innovation; BMI; innovation process; IVC canvas model; knowledge spillover.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2021.10044611
   
  
• EXAMINING VOLUNTEERING MOTIVES, ATTITUDES, AND INTENTIONS LINK IN MEGA SPORT EVENTS IN THE QATARI CONTEXT  
  by Anas Al Bakri, Shatha M. Obeidat, Bader Al-Esmael 
  Abstract: In this paper we examine people`s intention to volunteer in Mega sports events (MSEs) and activities in Qatar. Particularly, this study focuses on identifying motives to volunteer in MSEs. It also examines a model of possible links between motives to volunteer, attitudes toward volunteering, and volunteering intentions. In order to test the conceptual model of the current study, the quantitative phase includes the distribution and collection of a survey that targeted employees working in Qatari companies. Results of the study identified many motives behind volunteering in Qatar such as helping others and feeling needed. The results showed that there is a significant positive link between volunteering motives and attitudes toward volunteering, a significant positive link between attitudes and volunteering intentions, and a significant positive link between motives and intentions to volunteer. Finally, results showed that the link between motives to volunteer and volunteering intentions is mediated by volunteering attitudes.
  Keywords: volunteering; mega; sport; motives; attitudes; intentions; Qatar; human; interactions; culture.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2021.10044819
   
  
• Food Supply Chains: A Bibliometric Analysis (2008-2021)  
  by Gaurvendra Singh, Yash Daultani, Sahu Rajendra 
  Abstract: This paper aims to explore the overall research status, top contributions, and key research issues in the domain of food supply chains based on a holistic bibliometric analysis. A total of 496 research papers published during 2008
  Keywords: food supply chain; FSC; supply chain; Agriculture 4.0; bibliometric analysis; policy recommendations; co-citation networks; co-authorship networks.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2021.10044939
   
  
• MOBILE BANKING USAGE AND CUSTOMER LOYALTY AMONG INDIAN USERS: MODERATING EFFECT OF OCCUPATION AND EDUCATION  
  by Sonia Chawla, Savdeep Vasudeva 
  Abstract: Internet penetration and digital payments are significant indicators for reaching the goal of financial inclusion and investigating the role of demographic variables is significant to achieve the goal of financial inclusion. The article has analysed the moderating impact of two significant demographic variables, i.e., occupation and education on mobile banking usage and customer loyalty through hierarchical regression analysis. Further, the present research is unique in the perspective that it is based on customer loyalty as the ultimate construct defining mobile banking usage instead of intention to use. Findings of the study reveal that occupation is a significant moderating variable while education does not significantly moderate the relationship between mobile banking usage and loyalty. Results of the study will help the bankers to give due attention to these variables while drafting any strategy to be formulated for increasing usage of mobile banking or creating any loyalty program for its customers.
  Keywords: mobile banking usage; customer loyalty; occupation; education; hierarchical regression.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2021.10044982
   
  
• How Organization Attractiveness Drives Millennial Job seekers: Exploring corporate social responsibility on job pursuit intentions.  
  by CHIEHWEN E.D. HSU, S. YESHWANT RAJ, Carlone Mitchell 
  Abstract: The contemporary working environment is changing fast, partly because of the inflow of younger generation workers, known as millennials. The study focuses on the communication efforts of potential job seekers in our generation on corporate social responsibility and employee culture. Millennials are establishing workplaces where cross-functional and cross-contact may be efficient and successful and provide new skills and values for workplaces and management. The present work adopts signal theory guiding ideas. A fictionalised site with manipulated information on corporate social responsibility and employees’ cultural use was done among millennial job seekers from Asia and North America, 147 students aged 19 to 35 years were utilised for this study. The participants were then asked using an online questionnaire to score the organisation’s attractiveness. The results of the study demonstrate that knowledge and the culture of the employee expressing social responsibility have a beneficial impact on the organisation’s attraction for millennials.
  Keywords: corporate social responsibility; CSR; millennials; person-organisation fit; POF; signal theory; organisational behaviour.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2021.10045070
   
  
• Implicit and Social Learning Theory: An Explanation of Why Experienced Medical Representatives Have Higher Both Engagement and Performance  
  by Daniel Kisahwan, Alex Winarno, Deni Hermana 
  Abstract: Research purposes is to obtain an explanation of the high involvement and performance of experienced medical representatives based on implicit and social learning theory. Using the approach mix method of explanatory survey and selected case studies with a sample of 207 medical representative of pharmaceutical companies spread across major cities in Indonesia. The data analysis using SEM and phenomenology. Findings shows understanding of the reality and social world of medical representatives as a learning space encourages increased work engagement and performance. The view of the inherent dynamic nature of work as medical representatives encourages increased self-regulation based on role models to be more engaged and perform well even during a pandemic COVID-19. Originality of research provides a framework to explain the process of improving work engagement and performance based on lay views on the dynamic nature and social learning process that is felt in pharmaceutical companies.
  Keywords: implicit; incremental; mindset; pharmaceutical companies; social learning;.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2022.10045197
   
  
• ARIMA Modelling of Weighted Average Lending Rates (WALR) of Indian Scheduled Commercial Banks and Estimation of VaR : Implications on Asset-Liability Management (ALM)  
  by Upendra Nath Shukla, Rohit Kushwaha, Himanshu Mohan, Sanjay Medhavi 
  Abstract: Weighted average lending rates (WALRs) as introduced by Reserve Bank of India (RBI) to compute effective lending rates on outstanding rupee loans, plays a significant role on value at risk (VaR) and asset-liability management of Indian banks. This study aims to predict WALR of scheduled commercial banks on outstanding Rupee loans in India by taking monthly data from Feb’2012 to November’2020 from
  Keywords: lending rates; interest rates; commercial banks; ARIMA; forecasting; liquidity and asset-liability management; ALM; risk management; VaR; risk management.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2022.10045199
   
  
• MEASURING QUALITY SERVICE: THE USE OF FUZZY KANO MODEL AS AN INPUT FOR TOPSIS  
  by Fagner José Coutinho De Melo, André Albuquerque, Larissa De Arruda Xavier, Denise Dumke De Medeiros 
  Abstract: The objective of this research is to propose an approach to assess the quality perceived by patients in a hospital. The approach deals with an integration of the Kano Model, the theory of fuzzy systems and TOPSIS technique to compare the distance from the service provided to the ideal service. The results show that the attributes closest to the ideal service are: Cordiality and goodwill in attendance, attendance (information), modern equipment’s and commitment of the medical team. Those who have the greatest distance with the ideal solution are physical location, clean and pleasant facilities, employee appearance and clothing and efficient medical explanation. From the study of the ordering of the categories, it was possible to observe that the laboratory exams category was the service closest to the ideal service and the infrastructure category was the one that obtained the greatest distance from the ideal service.
  Keywords: Kano model; fuzzy systems theory; TOPSIS technique; service industries; healthcare.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2022.10045298
   
  
• Does Program Loyalty induce Brand Loyalty  
  by Yogesh Funde, Amit Shrivastava 
  Abstract: Loyalty programs are designed to improve retention rates and increase repeat purchases. The historical research argues that loyalty programs may lead to loyalty towards the loyalty program rather than the brand; these generalisations are not empirically proven. This research will try to test the relationship between program loyalty and its value perception. In addition, researchers seek to assess whether the value perception of the loyalty program indeed impacts brand loyalty. The researchers used the model proposed by Dowling and Uncles (1997). The research used structure equation modelling to establish evidence of the relationship among the three components. It has been found that the value perception of the loyalty program has a positive influence on brand loyalty. In addition, value perception affects brand loyalty by augmenting program loyalty. This indicates a loyalty program with high perceived value will also generate brand loyalty. Thus, as an implication value perception of a loyalty program is a key component of marketing strategy.
  Keywords: program loyalty; brand loyalty; value perception; structure equation modelling.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2021.10045325
   
  
• A study of revenue model for monetization of the digital asset  
  by Jitender Kumar, Ayush Vyas Kukkillaya, Murumuru Naga Lohitha, Rahul M, Felsia D, Avi Chaudhary 
  Abstract: The primary purpose of the research is to identify the sustainable revenue model when an automobile company wants to transform and digitise its mobility services using a digital asset and to find the tipping point of the customers. Finding a revenue model is imperative and should be the first step of a business plan because it gives us a definite plan on revenue sources. Various revenue models of the companies were studied before and after the transformation, also after the implementation of the different revenue model, factor analysis is employed on the primary data collected. Based on the interpretations from the primary data for the tipping point, online sales with some offline touch points are preferred. The consumers vote quality and safety as utmost importance. The software as a service (SaaS) revenue model is recommended.
  Keywords: automotive industry; customer-buying behaviour; mobility services; monetisation of a digital asset; revenue model; the tipping point.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2021.10045326
   
  
• ENTREPRENEURIAL ORIENTATION AND FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE AMONG MSMES IN NIGERIA  
  by Yusuf Akinwale, Caleb ADELOWO, Jhalukpreya Surujlal 
  Abstract: This paper examines the influence of entrepreneurial orientation (EO) on firms financial performance among micro, small and medium enterprises in a developing country. Data for the study were collected from 242 owners of micro, small and medium enterprises through a cross-sectional survey conducted in 2019. The result of the correlation analysis shows that all the variables measuring EO (innovativeness, risk taking, proactiveness, competitiveness) are positively related to firms performance except autonomy. The logistic regression results reveal that innovativeness and risk taking potentials are more likely to influence firms financial performance. The LR statistic shows that all the EO variables jointly influence firms performance. The study concludes that a concerted effort should be made by the MSMEs to continuously take actions that could strengthen their EO in order to build competitive advantage that would make them resilient in any dynamic and uncertain environment, as this would positively influence their financial performance.
  Keywords: entrepreneurial orientation; firm financial performance; micro; small and medium enterprises; MSMEs; Nigeria.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2022.10045392
   
  
• Driving forces behind service innovation in knowledge-intensive services with different knowledge bases  
  by Anastasia Krupskaya 
  Abstract: The purpose of the paper is to complement and classify the existing forces, affecting innovation processes in knowledge-intensive services, previously studied mostly in quantitative research, and to compare the level of innovativeness of the final services. The paper investigates through qualitative research 12 knowledge-intensive service organisations with different knowledge bases, which include both knowledge-intensive service activities (KISA) and knowledge-intensive business services (KIBS). The research results helped to classify the forces into: external and internal, strategic and tactical, positive and negative. These forces are interconnected and dynamically interact over time. This research can help organisations understand which models exist for the search and development of innovative ideas, distinguish tactical from strategic forces and learn to transform obstacles to innovations into incentives to innovate.
  Keywords: innovation; knowledge-intensive services; KIS; sources of knowledge; knowledge-intensive business services; KIBS; obstacles to innovation; incentives to innovation; knowledge bases.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2022.10045446
   
  
• Dimensions of E-Banking and the mediating role of customer satisfaction: a structural equation model approach  
  by SYED MOHD MINHAJ, Mohd Altaf Khan 
  Abstract: Online payment is a concept with increasing prominence across the globe. Due to digitisation, the concept of online banking has gradually made inroads into the marketing area, not only for customers but businesses as well. The researcher obtained the primary data from 187 respondents. Purposive sampling techniques were adopted. Structure equation modelling (SEM), reliability, convergent, discriminate validity and model fitness are achieved through SmartPLS 3. The findings reveal that efficiency, and reliability, and service quality have a significant direct effect on customer satisfaction and customer retention. It also shows the significant effect of efficiency and reliability and service quality by taking customer satisfaction as a mediator on customer retention. The information generated may contain useful practical information for banks as well as for businesses that consider India to be a possible target market. This study also uniquely identifies four components of e-banking in the form of efficiency and reliability, service quality, customer satisfaction, and customer retention.
  Keywords: e-banking; reliability; efficiency; service quality; retention.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2022.10045447
   
  
• A Regression Model to Identify Supply Chain Cost Drivers in Healthcare and Make Cost Predictions.  
  by Jean C. Essila  
  Abstract: Supply chain (SC) is again in the news because of SC disruptions about to jeopardise the 2021 Christmas season in the USA. Although abundant literature on healthcare supply chain management (SCM) exists, most research projects focus on finding cost-reduction strategies. Little research exists on what actually drives cost increases in a specific segment of the healthcare SC. This study analyses SC costs in the primary care sector as an attempt to uncover SC actual cost drivers in that segment beyond the well-known traditional classification so that SCM professionals can prioritise their efforts in resolving one or two most important factors that account for a significant portion of the total cost in that important sector. Using regression analysis and a test of statistical significance, the study determined that in the healthcare sector, inventory (with a p-value of 0.0001), and not transportation (traditionally known as the largest SC cost in all industry SC), is the biggest SC cost driver in primary care SCM. The result might lead to a positive managerial practice change in that segment of the healthcare SCM.
  Keywords: supply chain management; SCM; healthcare supply chain; inventory models; supply chain costs; cost drivers.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2021.10045448
   
  
• A Case Study of SEAM Used for a Lebanese Entrepreneurial Venture  
  by Faleh Alshameri, Debra Salsi, Badawi Yamine 
  Abstract: Oftentimes, small businesses fail to address short and long-term hidden costs because they believe this, in itself, creates an up-front expense. Using socio-economic approach to management (SEAM), hidden costs can be calculated to reveal evidence that in fact, the outcomes, especially for small businesses, can become quite the opposite. This paper explores a case study within a small Lebanese business, using the SEAM methodology to improve the social and economic state. The paper addresses how this methodology can help businesses with limited resources and funding avoid short and long-term hidden costs. The application of this method can be used to calculate ongoing hidden costs that keep a business sustainable and competitive. In SEAM, the qualitative results are collected from the interviews performed by the intervener with all employees of the company. The results are then categorised into six different groups of dysfunctions as defined by SEAM. These groups are: 1) working conditions; 2) work organisation; 3) communication-coordination-cooperation; 4) time management; 5) integrated training; 6) strategic implementation. Each category of the six categories is divided further into subcategories. We found that using SEAM helps in reducing the hidden costs.
  Keywords: SEAM; hidden costs; managerial framework.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2022.10045811
   
  
• Violence and Family Firms Performance: The Mediating Role of Entrepreneurial Orientation  
  by Miguel Ángel Pérez-Uribe, Swithina Mboko, Claudia Smith Kelly 
  Abstract: Research shows that context is relevant to understand the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and firm performance. One context is the institutional environment. This research contributes to the literature by analysing how aspects of the level of societal safety and security affect financial performance in family firms through the mediating effect of entrepreneurial orientation. In our study, the Global Peace Index is used to measure the level of societal safety and security. In addition to the Global Peace Index, we used the Successful Transgenerational Entrepreneurship Practice Survey for information on entrepreneurial orientation and financial performance in family firms. Our analysis employed the structural equation modelling methodology. In high-income countries, our results indicate that entrepreneurial orientation does not play a significant mediating role between violence and family firms’ performance. In contrast, for middle-income countries, the results show that entrepreneurial orientation mediates the relationship between violence and the financial performance of family firms.
  Keywords: entrepreneurial orientation; institutional environment; violence; family firm performance.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2022.10046626
   
  
• Determinants of Online Banking Adoption in India : An Empirical investigation  
  by Vikram Kumar Sharma, Amit Kumar 
  Abstract: In India, the e-commerce segment is still in its initial phase. With the government actively supporting the Digital India campaign, the banking sector poised to become more efficient and productive by adopting ICT enabled fintech technologies. The study aims to find the factors involved in developing the intention to Use online banking services. Online survey was conducted and obtained a sample of 424 users across India. Multiple regression was applied and data was used to validate the model. In addition to its basic constructs, i.e., perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, trust and government support, introduced a new variable
  Keywords: technology acceptance model; TAM; intention to use; adoption; online banking; Y; theory of reasoned action; TRA.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2022.10046633
   
  
• Factors towards Successful Commercialisation of Research Findings: The Perspectives of Public Universities Academicians in Malaysia  
  by Mohamad Faizal Ramli, Muhammad Majid, Fatin Farazh Ya'acob, Basri Badyalina 
  Abstract: Recently, there have been increased initiatives to encourage the involvement of academicians in commercialising activities. However, producing a marketable product that can move into the commercialisation stage is difficult due to limitations in financial support, experiences, commitment, facilities, and skills. This issue has led this study identified factors towards the successful commercialisation of research findings among academicians. Four hundred fifty science and engineering academicians from Malaysian public universities were selected as the respondents. The results indicated facilities and support as the most crucial factors influencing the researchers to commercialise their research findings, followed by quality research outputs, incentives, financial support, and adequate human resources and skills. The findings can be acknowledged by stakeholders on the best practices that must be introduced or implemented to enhance the commercialisation success rate among Malaysian academicians.
  Keywords: commercialisation; success factors; academician; research and development; Malaysia.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2022.10046634
   
  
• Positive Affect and Normative Evaluation as Mediators in the Impulsiveness and Gen-Y Impulse Purchase Urges  
  by Yi Yong Lee, Chin Lay Gan 
  Abstract: This study examines the role of the individual factor: impulse buying tendency (IBT) on the urge to buy impulsively (UB) through the mediations of positive affect (PA) and normative evaluation (NE). The structural model of this study was analysed using structural equation modelling conducted in Smart PLS 3.0. Findings revealed that IBT, PA, and NE significantly predicted UB. IBT significantly predicted the PA and NE. Both PA and NE have partially mediated the relationship between IBT and UB. The overall findings of this study could enrich the understanding of impulse purchase behaviour, particularly in the Malaysian Gen-Y context.
  Keywords: impulse buying tendency; IBT; cognitive reaction; affective reaction; generation Y; gender differences; impulse buying.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2022.10046638
   
  
• Investigating Antecedents of Customer Relationship Management using Interval Type-2 Fuzzy FMEA Approach  
  by Mohammad Hossein Azadi, Khaled Nawaser, Ali Vafaei-Zadeh, Seyed Najmodin Mousavi, Razieh Bagherzadeh Khodashahri, Haniruzila Hanifah 
  Abstract: Nowadays, processes of customer identification, selection, acquisition, development, and retention are advantageous for organisations. However, poor understanding of customer relationship management (CRM) by businesses is one of the problems raised in this field. Thus, this study sheds light on the antecedents of CRM using type-2 fuzzy failure mode and effects analysis (FMEA). Following the review of the relevant literature and experts’ opinions, 29 essential factors within a total number of seven domains were identified. The weight of the risk factors was assessed via type-2 fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (AHP), and they were then prioritised through the type-2 fuzzy technique for order of preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS). The results of the study revealed that the domains of organisational knowledge management, integrity in information systems, and focus on profitable customers had a more relative degree of closeness than four other domains.
  Keywords: : customer relationship management; antecedents of CRM; failure mode and effects analysis; FMEA; type-2 fuzzy.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2021.10046641
   
  
• Examining the impact of CRM on Customer Satisfaction: A case of an Indian Public Sector Bank  
  by Bhavneet Kaur, Neelam Dhall, Anuradha Jain 
  Abstract: In the wake of constant changes in the economic scenario, advent of new technologies and cut-throat competition, the banking sector has evolved its approach towards serving customers. Customer relationship management (CRM) has, therefore, acquired a strategic position in this sector. Keeping this in mind, the present study aims to understand the dynamics of the relationship between CRM and customer satisfaction in a public sector bank in India. In this context, the authors seek to examine the impact of CRM dimensions on overall customer satisfaction. The data was collected through the schedule method from the bank account holders. The data has been analysed using t-test, ANOVA, correlation and multiple regression analysis. Results establish the effect of
  Keywords: customer relationship management; CRM; customer satisfaction; demographics; banking sector.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2022.10046643
   
  
• AN EXPLORATORY STUDY ON THE USE OF ADOPTING BLOCKCHAIN TECHNOLOGY IN ACCOUNTING  
  by Ulaganathan Subramanian, NURSYAZA ELMALIYANA NABILAH A.L.I. RAHMAN 
  Abstract: Blockchain technology is a suitable tool for accounting it begins with recording every transaction that is immutable and maintains a permanent record of transactions. This process helps in keeping a complete audit trail of transactions. Blockchain helps to track information easily without consuming much time. Blockchain offers ample opportunities to redesign the business system and can alter the landscape of the accounting profession. This paper reviews how blockchain's implementation expedites the process for accountants and examines its long-lasting implications. It further discusses how the early movers adopted blockchain technology and identified its drawbacks and openings for the accounting profession. The paper also makes recommendations for accountants to familiarise, adjust, and uplift themselves to the role of strategic partners in blockchain implementation and explains how it adds value to the organisation's opportunities and challenges in applying blockchain technology to accounting and auditing.
  Keywords: Accounting; Blockchain technology; Early movers.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2021.10046646
   
  
• Smart contract-based Islamic Fintech model for Mudaraba financing  
  by Mustafa Raza Rabbani, Dr. Hana Bawazir, Shahnawaz Khan, Sitara Karim, Daouia Chebab 
  Abstract: The purpose of this study is to explore the possibility of applying smart contracts in Islamic finance transactions and to explore the application of smart contracts in Mudaraba contract. Mudaraba financing is an ancient Islamic contract where one party known as Rabb-Ul-Maal provides the fund to the other party known as Mudarib to do the business on his behalf and share the profit on agreed terms and conditions. The study is an exploratory in nature as it explores the possibility of Islamic finance tool
  Keywords: Mudaraba; Islamic finance; Fintech; smart contract; blockchain; pandemic; COVID-19.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2022.10046649
   
  
• Robotic Process Automation Adoption Challenges in Indian IT and BPO sector  
  by Kadambini Katke, Harshith Babu 
  Abstract: Since a decade, the robotic automation process has failed to record required recognition and wide acceptance even after claiming value and operational benefit to all stakeholders. Robotic process automation (RPA) failure is a common occurrence. It is required to identify the hurdle in the technology adoption process. This research paper attempts to test the widely cited technology acceptance model (Davis, 1989) to robotic process automation adoption among IT and BPO employees in India. Perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use are the two drivers that impact technology adoption (TAM and TAM2). This study makes an attempt to relate the model with behavioural intentions of RPA adoption. The primary results support that perceived usefulness does not influence the behavioural intention whereas perceived ease of use and subjective norms positively influence the behavioural intention of IT and BPO employees towards RPA technology adoption.
  Keywords: technology adoption; behavioural intention; robotic process automation; RPA.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2021.10046655
   
  
• A Developmental Study To Create Use Cases To Address The Financial And Other Relevant Issues Faced By Millennials Through Account Aggregation  
  by Prashant Goyal, Anjali Krishna S. P, Eshwar Inuganti, Nitin Sankaran, Shivam Nathani, Sonali Jajodia 
  Abstract: The role of the study was to determine the gaps felt by millennials in the established commercial system and, consequently create use cases for bridging the existing gaps wherever possible through account aggregation. Account aggregation is a process that promotes structured financial data sharing from financial information providers (FIPs) to financial information users (FIUs), which retain a log of the consent provided and offering the ability to withdraw or manage the consent originally provided by the client. The research paper revolves around identifying the possibilities of solving existing financial issues through account aggregation. Hence, the research was based on a survey conducted on the millennial population, which was further classified into three categories for the study. The study led to the development of use cases in various sectors that can be utilised in developing the account aggregator ecosystem.
  Keywords: account aggregation; data encryption; data privacy; financial information providers; FIPs; financial information users; FIUs; millennials.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2021.10046659
   
  
• Job Insecurity & Happenstance Skill: A Concept-Based Framework for the contemporary workplace  
  by Priyanka Vincent, Murale Venugopalan 
  Abstract: Job insecurity (J.I.) research has focused extensively on the detrimental effects on individuals and organisations. In this conceptual article, we examine a more contemporary approach by reviewing articles that discuss happenstance skills, resilience, and job resources and have proposed a conceptual model concentrating on the adaptable behaviours of J.I. The model discusses J.I. and its consequences using the happenstance learning theory and job demand resource model. We group these types of J.I. behaviour into four creative gamut scaled according to subjective-objective versus challenge-hindrance context to provide a framework for future research.
  Keywords: job insecurity; performance; happenstance skills; job demand resource model; resilience.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2021.10046667
   
  
• ICT Practices and organisational Performance in public food supply chain: The mediating role of supplier relationship and logistics integration  
  by Anil Kumar, Gyanendra Sisodia 
  Abstract: The purpose of the study is to examine the role of ICT practices in organisation performance along with mediating role of suppliers and logistics integration. The theoretical framework was proposed depicting ICT practices, Supplier relationship and logistics integration and tests the relationships between these practices and organisational performance. The respondents were chosen as officers and executives of the Food Corporation of India with the help of snowball sampling technique. Total usable sample was 252. The proposed framework and hypotheses were tested using PLS-SEM. The analysis of the study shows that ICT practices, Supplier Relationship, and Logistics Integration have a significant and positive impact on the performance of the organisation. Furthermore, the study found that Supplier Relationship, and Logistics Integration partially mediates the relationship between ICT practices and organisational performance. In the end managerial implications, limitations and future research directions were provided.
  Keywords: public distribution system; supply chain management; supplier relationship; ICT practices; organisational performance; PLS-SEM; India.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2021.10046670
   
  
• Job insecurity and happenstance skill: a concept-based framework for contemporary workplace  
  by Priyanka Vincent 
  Abstract: Job insecurity (J.I.) research has focused extensively on the detrimental effects on individuals and organisations. In this conceptual article, we examine a more contemporary approach by reviewing articles that discuss happenstance skills, resilience, and job resources and have proposed a conceptual model concentrating on the adaptable behaviours of J.I. The model discusses J.I. and its consequences using the happenstance learning theory and job demand resource model. We group these types of J.I. behaviour into four creative gamut scaled according to subjective-objective versus challenge-hindrance context to provide a framework for future research.
  Keywords: job insecurity; performance; happenstance skills; job demand resource model; resilience.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2021.10046998
   
  
• A developmental study to create use cases to address the financial and other relevant issues faced by millennials through account aggregation  
  by Prashant Goyal 
  Abstract: The role of the study was to determine the gaps felt by millennials in the established commercial system and, consequently create use cases for bridging the existing gaps wherever possible through account aggregation. Account aggregation is a process that promotes structured financial data sharing from financial information providers (FIPs) to financial information users (FIUs), which retain a log of the consent provided and offering the ability to withdraw or manage the consent originally provided by the client. The research paper revolves around identifying the possibilities of solving existing financial issues through account aggregation. Hence, the research was based on a survey conducted on the millennial population, which was further classified into three categories for the study. The study led to the development of use cases in various sectors that can be utilised in developing the account aggregator ecosystem.
  Keywords: account aggregation; data encryption; data privacy; financial information providers; FIPs; financial information users; FIUs; millennials.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2021.10046999
   
  
• An exploratory study on the use of adopting blockchain technology in accounting  
  by Ulaganathan Subramanian 
  Abstract: Blockchain technology is a suitable tool for accounting it begins with recording every transaction that is immutable and maintains a permanent record of transactions. This process helps in keeping a complete audit trail of transactions. Blockchain helps to track information easily without consuming much time. Blockchain offers ample opportunities to redesign the business system and can alter the landscape of the accounting profession. This paper reviews how blockchains implementation expedites the process for accountants and examines its long-lasting implications. It further discusses how the early movers adopted blockchain technology and identified its drawbacks and openings for the accounting profession. The paper also makes recommendations for accountants to familiarise, adjust, and uplift themselves to the role of strategic partners in blockchain implementation and explains how it adds value to the organisations opportunities and challenges in applying blockchain technology to accounting and auditing.
  Keywords: accounting; blockchain technology; early movers.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2021.10047000
   
  
• Examining the impact of CRM on customer satisfaction: a case of an Indian public sector bank  
  by Bhavneet Kaur 
  Abstract: In the wake of constant changes in the economic scenario, advent of new technologies and cut-throat competition, the banking sector has evolved its approach towards serving customers. Customer relationship management (CRM) has, therefore, acquired a strategic position in this sector. Keeping this in mind, the present study aims to understand the dynamics of the relationship between CRM and customer satisfaction in a public sector bank in India. In this context, the authors seek to examine the impact of CRM dimensions on overall customer satisfaction. The data was collected through the schedule method from the bank account holders. The data has been analysed using t-test, ANOVA, correlation and multiple regression analysis. Results establish the effect of gender and age on the level of customer satisfaction in case of few CRM dimensions. Moreover, two CRM dimensions, i.e., value proposition and privileges and infrastructure were found to significantly contribute to overall customer satisfaction.
  Keywords: customer relationship management; CRM; customer satisfaction; demographics; banking sector.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2021.10047001
   
  
• Positive affect and normative evaluation as mediators in the impulsiveness and Gen-Y impulse purchase urges  
  by Yi Yong Lee 
  Abstract: This study examines the role of the individual factor: impulse buying tendency (IBT) on the urge to buy impulsively (UB) through the mediations of positive affect (PA) and normative evaluation (NE). The structural model of this study was analysed using structural equation modelling conducted in Smart PLS 3.0. Findings revealed that IBT, PA, and NE significantly predicted UB. IBT significantly predicted the PA and NE. Both PA and NE have partially mediated the relationship between IBT and UB. The overall findings of this study could enrich the understanding of impulse purchase behaviour, particularly in the Malaysian Gen-Y context
  Keywords: impulse buying tendency; IBT; cognitive reaction; affective reaction; generation Y; gender differences; impulse buying.
  
  
• Factors towards successful commercialisation of research findings: the perspectives of public universities academicians in Malaysia  
  by Mohamad Faizal Ramli 
  Abstract: Recently, there have been increased initiatives to encourage the involvement of academicians in commercialising activities. However, producing a marketable product that can move into the commercialisation stage is difficult due to limitations in financial support, experiences, commitment, facilities, and skills. This issue has led this study identified factors towards the successful commercialisation of research findings among academicians. Four hundred fifty science and engineering academicians from Malaysian public universities were selected as the respondents. The results indicated facilities and support as the most crucial factors influencing the researchers to commercialise their research findings, followed by quality research outputs, incentives, financial support, and adequate human resources and skills. The findings can be acknowledged by stakeholders on the best practices that must be introduced or implemented to enhance the commercialisation success rate among Malaysian academicians.
  Keywords: commercialisation; success factors; academician; research and development; Malaysia.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2021.10047002
   
  
• Organisational learning capacity impacting innovation performance of firms  
  by Sanjay Dhir 
  Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to understand the possible valid interconnection among the variables/factors that are responsible for the innovative performance of a firm through the organisational learning capacity (OLC). This study has attempted to comprehend the complex relationship among the factors that are to be put together to encourage innovation with the help of OLC within the firm that leads to growth and development. The analysis of the factors would lead to the outcome of the firm, i.e., innovative performance. Total interpretive structural modelling (TISM) has been used to explore the 11 factors on literature reviews. In the TISM structure, some of the factors settled at the bottom of the hierarchy require more attention compared to the factors at the top. An absolute supervision of these variables can methodically achieve organisational innovative performance. The approach also gives valid reasons to analyse why and what factors work as barriers or effective endeavour to development.
  Keywords: organisational learning capacity; OLC; innovative performance; absorptive capacity.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2021.10047003
   
  
• A case study of the socio-economic approach to management used for a Lebanese entrepreneurial venture  
  by Faleh Alshameri 
  Abstract: : Oftentimes, small businesses fail to address short and long-term hidden costs because they believe this, in itself, creates an up-front expense. Using socio-economic approach to management (SEAM), hidden costs can be calculated to reveal evidence that in fact, the outcomes, especially for small businesses, can become quite the opposite. This paper explores a case study within a small Lebanese business, using the SEAM methodology to improve the social and economic state. The paper addresses how this methodology can help businesses with limited resources and funding avoid short and long-term hidden costs. The application of this method can be used to calculate ongoing hidden costs that keep a business sustainable and competitive. In SEAM, the qualitative results are collected from the interviews performed by the intervener with all employees of the company. The results are then categorised into six different groups of dysfunctions as defined by SEAM. These groups are: 1) working conditions; 2) work organisation; 3) communication-coordination-cooperation; 4) time management; 5) integrated training; 6) strategic implementation. Each category of the six categories is divided further into subcategories. We found that using SEAM helps in reducing the hidden costs.
  Keywords: SEAM; hidden costs; managerial framework.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2021.10047004
   
  
• An empirical investigation of determinants for adoption of C2C auction marketplaces  
  by Sumedha Chauhan 
  Abstract: : In the last two decades, online and real-time interactions have grown significantly between individual buyers and sellers. Consumer-to-consumer (C2C) electronic-commerce (e-commerce) has been increasingly adopted by the people as a direct interface for buying and selling products or services. This research focuses on identifying the key determinants for adoption of C2C auction marketplaces, especially online auctions. Rogers (2003) diffusion of innovation (DoI) theory has been used as the guiding framework for this study as C2C e-commerce falls into the category of technological innovation Research methodology involves quantitative survey of 278 consumers of C2C auction marketplace in India and the application of logistic regression to determine the impact of DoI attributes on C2C e-commerce adoption. Research findings indicate that relative advantage, observability, perceived security, age, and gender influence the adoption of C2C auction marketplaces. However, compatibility, complexity, and trialability do not significantly influence the adoption of C2C auction market places.
  Keywords: consumer-to-consumer; C2C; India; innovation; e-commerce; diffusion of innovation; DoI.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2021.10047008
   
  
• Blockchain adoption barriers in food supply chain: a systematic review and bibliometric synthesis  
  by Xin Tong Li, Abdul Rashid Abdullah, Wei Lu, Abu Naser Mohammad Saif 
  Abstract: During the current research trajectory concerning business innovation, blockchain would be the prime catalyst for a massive transformation. Since food industries across the world are moving fast to adopt blockchain, this systematic review with bibliometric synthesis aims to identify the blockchain adoption barriers in the food supply chain. Using the PRISMA flowchart, a total of 784 published papers from different research databases were examined to identify the relevant 20 publications. Bibliometric data were synthesised for each of the 20 publications. VOSviewer was used to create term co-occurrence network maps and later, key terms were identified. Associated barriers were reported by critically analysing the identified publications. Mapping the barriers with the previously recognised key terms, broad categories of barriers as themes, i.e., digital interference, food safety, and scalability were advanced. The findings of current research show that digital interference, food safety, and scalability are the barriers to blockchain adoption in FSC.
  Keywords: blockchain adoption; food supply chain; FSC; systematic review; bibliometric; PRISMA; qualitative.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2021.10047028
   
  
• Blockchain adoption barriers in food supply chain: A systematic review and bibliometric synthesis  
  by Xintong Li, Abdul Rashid Abdullah, Liu Wei, Abu Naser Mohammad Saif 
  Abstract: During the current research trajectory concerning business innovation, blockchain would be the prime catalyst for a massive transformation. Since food industries across the world are moving fast to adopt blockchain, this systematic review with bibliometric synthesis aims to identify the blockchain adoption barriers in the food supply chain. Using the PRISMA flowchart, a total of 784 published papers from different research databases were examined to identify the relevant 20 publications. Bibliometric data were synthesised for each of the 20 publications. VOSviewer was used to create term co-occurrence network maps and later, key terms were identified. Associated barriers were reported by critically analysing the identified publications. Mapping the barriers with the previously recognised key terms, broad categories of barriers as themes, i.e., digital interference, food safety, and scalability were advanced. The findings of current research show that digital interference, food safety, and scalability are the barriers to blockchain adoption in FSC.
  Keywords: blockchain adoption; food supply chain; FSC; systematic review; bibliometric; PRISMA; qualitative.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2022.10047094
   
  
• TRANSFORMATIONAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP AND EMPLOYEE READINESS TO CHANGE IN INDIAN MSEs: A MEDIATING ROLE OF EMPLOYEES INNOVATIVE BEHAVIOUR  
  by Kartikeya Raina, Navneet Rawat 
  Abstract: Medium and small enterprises (MSEs) are critical for economic development. The advantages to society and the economy are enormous, as it fosters innovation, creates new job possibilities, boosts competitiveness, boosts organisational productivity, and contributes to global economic growth. A business’s success or failure is highly dependent on its capacity to adapt to a rapidly changing environment. The study has examined the relationship of transformational entrepreneurs, innovative behaviour, and change-related self-efficacy affecting employee readiness to change. The sample of 478 employees of MSE was collected and analysed using structural equation modelling (SEM). The finding indicated a significant association between transformational entrepreneurship and employees’ readiness to change. The result also established a substantial role of employee’s innovative behaviour as a mediating variable between the above-stated relationship and change related to employee self-efficacy as a moderating variable between transformational entrepreneurship and employees’ innovative behaviour.
  Keywords: transformational entrepreneurs; employees; innovative behaviour; change-related self-efficacy; employee readiness to change; Indian MSEs.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2022.10047344
   
  
• Assessing the predictors of intention to use Unified Payment Interface: The role of age and gender as moderators  
  by POULAMI SAHA, Kiran K.B. 
  Abstract: Discovering significant predictors of behavioural intention towards unified payment interface (UPI) usage is crucial because UPI is an exemplary digital innovation and UPI enabled payments are preferred by both payer and payee. The present study extended UTAUT3 with an additional construct called word of mouth content (WOMC) and verified its influence on the intention of UPI users. The study also examines whether age and gender moderate the association between WOMC and intention. Data were collected using consumer intercept survey and analysed with structural equation modelling. The moderating effects were examined using multi-group analysis. The results state that performance expectancy, social influence, habit, personal innovativeness and WOMC are significant predictors of the intention of UPI users and the relationship between WOMC and intention differs across gender but not across age. This study is the first of its kind to carry out empirical research on the adoption of UPI in an emerging economy like India.
  Keywords: word of mouth content; WOMC; behavioural intention; unified payment interface; UPI; multi-group analysis.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2022.10047427
   
  
• Workplace ostracism: A systematic review, thematic analysis, and research agenda  
  by Neelam Kaushal, Karminder Ghuman 
  Abstract: The present study undertakes a systematic literature review, organises the entire workplace ostracism (WO) literature through thematic analysis, and sets an agenda for imminent research for the orderly advancement of the domain. The SLR was undertaken following a well-defined protocol and inclusion and exclusion criteria. A total of 125 documents from web of science and Scopus databases were considered for organising the WO research findings. The study developed the knowledge structure of WO literature and organised it under six major dimensions: demographics, personality, and leadership as antecedents, moderators, and mediators; and emotional response, behavioural modification, and organisational performance as outcomes. It also proposes the linkages, which can be examined through future research by employing the suggested research design for the orderly development of the domain and concludes with theoretical and practical implications.
  Keywords: workplace ostracism; employee discrimination; systematic literature review; thematic analysis.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2022.10047475
   
  
• Emotional intelligence and organisational ambidexterity: a mediation analysis in the independent business schools  
  by Tapaswini Panigrahi, Yellumahanti Soma Sekhar Patro, Rama Krishna Gupta Potnuru 
  Abstract: The research focuses to investigate the impact of emotional intelligence (EI) on organisational ambidexterity (OA) through perceived organisational support (POS) acting as a mediator for improving the practices amongst the faculties of independent business schools in Eastern and South India. These faculties are selected as respondents of the study. In the findings, faculty members’ views of EI were shown to be associated with two predictors of OA, which they attribute to the mediating influence of POS. It is demonstrated in this study that EI has a significant impact on POS, thanks to the development of a novel research approach. In addition, the study discovers that POS has a partial mediating effect on the relationship between EI and OA, as well as on the positive relationship amongst EI, POS, and OA.
  Keywords: emotional intelligence; business school faculties; perceived organisational support; POS; mediation; organisational ambidexterity.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2022.10047573
   
  
• A systematic review of management styles in non-profit organisations: implications for research and practice  
  by Hamed Dehghanan, Mehdi Fatemi, Saeed Rahimi, Khaled Nawaser, Haniruzila Hanifah, Ali Vafaei-Zadeh 
  Abstract: Not-for-profit organisations are considered the third cornerstone of community development, along with businesses and public organisations. Despite recent developments, these organisations have encountered several obstacles, including limited financial resources and major operational inefficiencies, forcing them to resort to strategic management frameworks. Most non-profit organisations, however, seem to fail to adapt new management roles to organisational priorities. As a result, to promote strategic thinking in this context, the present work provides a systematic review of the history of management styles in non-profit organisations. By searching the related keywords in the Scopus database and based on the three-stage monitoring of titles, abstracts, and texts, 23 sources, out of 703, were finally selected, being deeply investigated, and classified under the main axes of theoretical foundations, patterns of strategic thinking and planning, senior management tasks, and cooperation framework in non-profit organisations. Some management implications are also presented for a non-profit conglomerate.
  Keywords: non-profit organisations; management; systematic literature review; SLR; conglomerate.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2022.10047623
   
  
• Teacher's emotional intelligence and job satisfaction as determinants of academic performance of students  
  by Sonika Singh 
  Abstract: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of teachers’ emotional intelligence (EI) on students’ academic performance and to propose a model with job satisfaction (JS) acting as a mediator between EI and academic achievement. 628 secondary school teachers were surveyed to gather data. The data analysis in this study was conducted using structural equation modelling (SEM). The results of the study showed that teacher’s emotional abilities were significantly and positively associated with academic achievement of students and showed R2 60.1% variance in academic achievement. The relationship between teacher’s EI and academic achievement of students is partially mediated by JS of teachers. By elucidating this link, which is an under-researched topic in the literature, the current study contributes to the growth of knowledge about teachers’ EI and its effect on students’ academic success.
  Keywords: emotional intelligence; academic achievement; job satisfaction; secondary schools; mediation; SEM; teachers’ emotional intelligence; student performance.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2022.10047624
   
  
• An analysis of the Variables Influencing Insurance Purchase Behavior: An Extension of Planned Behavior Theory  
  by Nimesh Bhojak, Ashwin Modi, Mohammadali Momin 
  Abstract: The study explored the utility of the theory of planned behaviour by adding the factors such as risk of health illness, availability of health infrastructure, and health insurance literacy to measure the purchase intention of health insurance. The quantitative study adopted the cross-sectional design with data gathered from 400 Indian respondents using the convenience sampling method. The measurement model and the structural equation model were used to measure the purchase intention. The data were analysed using SPSS-AMOS. Overall, attitude has a strong influence, and the risk of health Illness has a weak association with purchase intention. A strong association between attitude and PCB were evident across the purchase intention of health insurance. The study has made a significant contribution to both the literature and the factors that influence the purchase of health insurance by adding other constructs to the theory of planned behaviour and proposing the extended TPB model.
  Keywords: health management; healthcare service; health policy; health promotion; public health; qualitative research.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2022.10047702
   
  
• The effect of innovation on firm export activity in a developing country: evidence from Ecuador  
  by Iván Trejo Moya, Juan Fernández 
  Abstract: Using data from Ecuador’s 2015 Innovation Survey, this article examines whether engaging in innovation activities influences firms’ export propensity and intensity, in a developing country like Ecuador. Additionally, it explores whether the introduction of innovative technologies influences firms’ export behaviour. Given the observational nature of the data, this paper uses the inverse probability weighting (IPW) method to generate a counterfactual that can be compared to firms that engage in innovative activities and have introduced innovative technologies. The results suggest that engaging in innovation activities has no effect on firms’ export behaviour. However, the introduction of innovative technologies increases a firm’s propensity to export, though it does not account for firm differences in export intensity.
  Keywords: innovation; exports; developing country; inverse probability weighting; IPW; Ecuador.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2021.10047703
   
  
• Management models and practices for the innovation creation.  
  by Karin Melendez, Abraham Davila, Andrés Melgar, Marcelo Pessoa 
  Abstract: Today, organisations recognise the need for innovations that allow them to have a competitive advantage in the market in which they operate. However, many of them fail. The objective of this study is to provide a set of models and practices, which the academic community recommends, for organisations that perform the tasks of creating innovations. To this end, a systematic literature review was carried out. In total, 56 studies were obtained, of which 33 models were found and a set of recurring practices on the search for innovation opportunities, selection and implementation. A small number of practices belonged to the evaluation of innovation in the market. The investigations were, in several cases, carried out in specific contexts (e.g., industry type and company size). The knowledge presented is a basis to investigate its applicability in organisational contexts, not studied, or expand the studies and improve the practices presented.
  Keywords: innovation management; innovation practices; innovation model; innovation creation process; innovation process; innovation project; management practices; innovation.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2022.10047810
   
  
• Qualitative determinants of employment in innovative firms: effect of ownership, gender and education level of top manager and types of innovation on employment in a sample of Egyptian firms  
  by Abdelhammid BOUROUAHA, Tarik Azkak, Sara Bouredja 
  Abstract: The study identifies the qualitative employment determinants in Egyptian innovative firms. Different studies found that some innovative firms have a positive effect on employment. However, other firms in other types of innovation have a negative effect on employment. The article uses BEEPS data drawn from the World Bank in the period 2012 to 2016. The results of ANCOVA analysis show statistically that firm age has a significant positive effect just on permanent employment. However, there do not have a significant effect on the other types of employment. Also, the top managers experience has a positive significant effect on all types of employment. Compared with the service sector, manufacturing firms have a significant positive effect on all types of employment. For the top manager gender, male top managers have a positive significant effect on all of permanent, production and skilled employment. Owning an innovative firm has a significant negative effect on employment.
  Keywords: innovation; qualitative determinants; employment types; top manager; firm ownership; Egypt; analysis of covariance; ANCOVA; Egyptian firm.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2022.10047829
   
  
• Innovation activities and innovative performance of Ecuadorian companies  
  by Orly Carvache-Franco, Mauricio Carvache-Franco, Wilmer Carvache-Franco, Miguel A. Bustamante-Ubilla 
  Abstract: This research examines the relationship between innovation activities and the innovative performance of Ecuadorian companies. It was a quantitative non-experimental study with a cross-sectional design. The sample was obtained from the Ecuadorian national innovation activities survey. The econometric model used was the bivariate probit regression. The results show that research and development (R&D), acquisition of machinery and equipment, acquisition of hardware and software, and training are the activities related to the innovative performance of Ecuadorian companies. These companies’ innovation strategies and activities primarily focus on the technology acquisition strategy rather than the market-focused strategy through developing R&D. This research sheds new light on the relationships between innovation activities and innovative performance in developing countries, where evidence is scarce.
  Keywords: innovation; innovation activities; innovative performance; product innovation; process innovation.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2022.10047968
   
  
• Relationship between market orientation, supply chain integration and innovation performance: Is innovation capability a necessity  
  by Haulah Abd Aziz, Muhammad Shahar Jusoh, Mohd. Harith Amlus 
  Abstract: This study proposed a moderating framework to explain the relationship between market orientation (MO), supply chain integration (SCI), innovation capability (IC) and innovation performance (IP). Within the theoretical framework, IC moderated the interrelationship between MO and SCI on innovation performance. Thus, indicating its significance on the national economies, prioritising on Malaysian manufacturers. This study implement quantitative approach with data collected from survey delivered to 105 Malaysian manufacturers. PLS SEM was used for hypotheses testing and data analyses. The findings projected MO and SCI as direct influencers of IP, while IC positively moderate MO, SCI
  Keywords: market orientation; supply chain integration; SCI; IC; innovation performance; SEM-PLS; Malaysian manufacturers.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2021.10048029
   
  
• EXPLORING THE EXPERIENCE OF RURAL WOMEN ENTREPRENURS IN KERALA  
  by Ubais Iqbal, Alen Kuriakose, Elsa Joseph 
  Abstract: Women entrepreneurship literature is gaining momentum in recent years due its dynamic characteristics and multi-disciplinary scope. This study sought to trace the expectations and challenges of women entrepreneurs in the rural areas of Kerala, India. The study has used an exploratory research design and collected qualitative data by using semi-structured interview. The study revealed that financial crisis, the desire to own a business, changing social outlook on gender stereotypes, encouragement from community-based organisations and support from family as the major drivers that motivates the rural women in Kerala to embrace entrepreneurship. The results of the study also assert that the rural women in Kerala are facing obstacles in the form of funding and managing capital, better infrastructure, patriarchal stigma, lack of awareness about different aspects of running a business and long hours of work. Affordable and accessible banking and support for marketing are the major expectations delineated in this study.
  Keywords: rural women entrepreneurship; driving factors; gender stereotypes; expectations and barriers.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2021.10048180
   
  
• Portfolio Optimization between Global Equity Markets  
  by Mrityunjay Tiwary, Vaibhav Aggarwal 
  Abstract: Over the past few decades, economic liberalisation and tech advancements have strengthened linkages between world equity indices in both developed and developing economies. Several studies indicate significant volatility transmission amongst major global equity indices. However, this study addresses the scant literature on utilising the volatility linkages to create pair-wise efficient portfolio weights for international investors. The findings suggest that international investors in the emerging market should give the highest allocation to Taiwan and the lowest exposure to Russia. Further, investors in frontier markets should give maximum portfolio allocation to the Canadian stock market. This study has several important implications. First, international investors can formulate better risk-adjusted equity portfolios across major markets. Second, the regulators can formulate policies to reduce the inflow of volatility from other markets with suitable policies.
  Keywords: portfolio weight; BEKK-GARCH; spillover; stock indices; diversification.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2022.10048367
   
  
• Interference of Artificial Intelligence, Analytics and Automation in Performance Management System  
  by Rajashree Gethe  
  Abstract: This research paper aims to explore role, importance and use of analytics, automation, artificial intelligence in performance management system so as to make PMS error free and bias free and also it overcomes all possible limitations of traditional PMS. Paper develops a conceptual framework of application of analytics, automation and artificial (AAA) intelligence in performance management system so as to make it bias free and how organisations are benefited by adoption of 3A dimension in PMS. Adoption of analytics, automation and artificial intelligence in performance management system helps business leaders to make complex human capital process easier. Paper proposes use of HR analytics, automation and artificial intelligence which helps to reduce subjective bias occurred in the performance appraisal system and improves accuracy and fairness of the performance appraisal process, additionally it positively effects on employees improved perceived satisfaction towards fair PMS.
  Keywords: analytics; automation; artificial intelligence; robotic process automation; RPA.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2023.10048716
   
  
• Power  
  by Sanjay Mohapatra, Komal Goel 
  Abstract: As people use smartphone apps for a variety of purposes, a steady stream of app-based consumer data services that rely on the data-driven marketing model are being launched. The power-responsibility equilibrium theory (PRE) is used in this study to investigate the effect of context-dependent privacy norms on privacy concerns among smartphone app users. Partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) approach was applied to test on 154 valid responses using structured survey questionnaire. Our finding reveals lack of corporate transparency and illusory informed consent may deprive consumers’ of privacy control, inappropriate flow of information may further breach their integrity of privacy based on contextual integrity.
  Keywords: social contract theory; power responsibility equilibrium framework; contextual integrity; smartphone app-based online privacy concerns; corporate transparency; consumers’ informed consent.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2022.10048846
   
  
• Managing Job Content Plateau through Proactive Personality: A Conceptual Framework  
  by Biswa Prakash Jena, Archana Choudhary, Manas Pal 
  Abstract: The job content plateau (JCP) is a condition in which employees perceive their occupations as ordinary in nature which has been associated with an employee’s turnover intention as well as organisation’s dysfunctional outcomes. Considering the intervening factors like job crafting (JCF), proactive personality (PP) and developmental idiosyncratic deals (DID) between JCP and career commitment (CC) a conceptual framework has been developed and empirically validated. In this research work, survey data were collected from executives across various industries based on the position level, total years of experience, and education level. The confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and structural equation modelling (SEM) has been carried out to check the effectiveness of the proposed model and test hypothesis proposition. The results of the study revealed that JCF and DID have a mediating role between JCP and CC, which facilitate proactive executives to lead their CC and reduce the negative consequences of JCP.
  Keywords: job content plateau; JCP; proactive personality; developmental idiosyncratic deals; DID; job crafting; JCF; career commitment.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2022.10049048
   
  
• Improvement of Food Losses and Wastes in Sustainable Supply Chain Process  
  by Ibrahim Gouda, Sharfuddin Ahmed Khan, Loai Khaldoun, Lieth Kutrub 
  Abstract: A lot of food is either lost during the supply chain process, or wasted while consumption. The purpose of this paper is in two folds. Firstly, this paper identified the main factors of food losses and wastes. Secondly, the Delphi technique is used to validate these factors. After that fuzzy AHP method is applied to conduct a pairwise comparison between the stages and their factors and reach an overall ranking for them based on their impact on the whole supply chain process. Finally, a survey is conducted to validate the impact done by the two common factors of food waste that are experienced by consumers. Results shows that 60% of the food losses and waste are related to storing stage and 36% in the packaging stage. As for the storing-related factors, results shows that 89% of the food lost in the storage stage is due to insufficient storage temperature.
  Keywords: food loose; food waste; food supply chain; sustainability; MCDM; DELPHI; fuzzy-AHP.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2022.10049297
   
  
• How to Empower Women? Modelling the Factors Increasing Women's Entrepreneurial Intention  
  by Bijay Kushwaha, Raj Kumar Singh, Vikas Tyagi, Bhagwati Choudhary 
  Abstract: The study investigates essential factors that help in developing entrepreneurial intention in women. It also identifies the gravity of these factors in building business intent in women. The judgemental sampling procedure was applied to choose 402 women of Chandigarh Tri-city, India. The PLS-SEM has been used to check the fitness of the conceptual framework. Smart PLS provides a comprehensive platform to develop and evaluate the measurement and structural model therefore this technique is used. The findings of this study recognised that internal and external forces are equally important to creating entrepreneurial intent in women. However, internal forces are more imperative over external forces to create entrepreneurial intention. Similarly, environmental factors which are a part of external forces are having an inverse effect however the effect is significant among them. This study is useful to encourage, identify hurdles and provide a solution to bring women into entrepreneurial activities.
  Keywords: women entrepreneurship; entrepreneurial intentions; personal factors; psychological factors; PLS-SEM.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2022.10049399
   
  
• Gauging the influence of business model innovation on the performance of SMEs: Primary evidence from Yantai, China  
  by Chengcheng Cao, Azmawani Abd Rahman, Xintong Li, Liu Wei, K. M. Anwarul Islam 
  Abstract: Over the years, business model innovation (BMI) has attained incredible connotation in the arena of research vis-
  Keywords: business model innovation; BMI; small and medium-sized enterprises; SMEs; value capture innovation; VaCI; multiple regression; SPSS; quantitative; China.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2022.10049491
   
  
• Evolution of start-up investments: An overview and future research directions  
  by Claudio Roberto Silva Júnior, Álvaro Luiz Neuenfeldt-Júnior, Julio Siluk, Vinicius Gerhardt, Cláudia Michelin 
  Abstract: This paper aims to present the evolution of the start-up investment modalities through the most covered topics in the scientific literature. A bibliometric review is developed based on 1,984 articles published in the Scopus database. VOSviewer and SciMAT science mapping tools were utilised for this purpose. The analysis identified that in periods from 1990 to 2001, studies focused on investment-related topics such as venture capital and bootstrapping; however, other themes related to angel investment, corporate venture capital (CVC), and innovation began to emerge in the period from 2002 to 2011. In more recent periods, topics related to start-ups have become central in scientific research, as well as the emergence of other forms of start-up investments such as crowdfunding, private equity, and accelerators. In addition, the emergence of data processing, artificial intelligence, and blockchain technologies is providing a new market paradigm.
  Keywords: entrepreneurship; start-ups; high technology start-ups; technology; innovation; venture capital; VC; investment; funding; bibliometric approach.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2022.10049598
   
  
• Effects of Quality of Higher Education on Student Satisfaction and the Institutional Image  
  by Abul Kalam, Md. Alamgir Hossain 
  Abstract: This research explores the dimensions of quality of higher education (QoHE) and its impact on the institutional image (II) in addition to examine the mediating role of student satisfaction (StS) between the QoHE and II. Structural equation modelling was used to describe the factors influencing the QoHE and the mediating variable as well as the hypothesis test on 302 samples as final. The findings of the study revealed that the quality of the teacher, research and infrastructural facility, syllabus and course curriculum, along with policy and budget are the important dimensions of quality education. Quality education was found to have a significant impact on the institutional image. Also, student satisfaction was found to be significant in predicting the institution’s image. However, this study did not find the mediation impact of student satisfaction on the relationship between QoHE and the institutional image eventually where includes the main novelty of the study.
  Keywords: quality of higher education; QoHE; student satisfaction; quality factors; institutional image.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2021.10049614
   
  
• R&D AND TRAINING INTENSITIES IN THE NIGERIAN PHARMACEUTICAL FIRMS: IMPLICATIONS FOR DEVELOPMENT  
  by Rachael Ayo-Lawal, Caleb M. ADELOWO, Elizabeth A. Omimakinde, Emmanuel E. Ejim-Eze, Ayobami A. Oyewale, Wilson Erhun, Festus Okechukwu Ukwuoma 
  Abstract: The Nigerian pharmaceutical industry remains underdeveloped, characterised by weak local manufacturing capacity, this affect local drug production, impede sector’s productivity and potential for wealth and job creation. Although, the significance of R&D and training intensities to firms’ survival, productivity and competitiveness have been well established, these indices are less reported for the industry. Based on resource based theory, this study evaluates R&D and training intensities among Nigerian pharmaceutical firms. This is with a view to suggest appropriate policy interventions to enhance improvement of the industry. Primary data were collected from 32 manufacturing pharmaceutical firms and analysed using descriptive statistics. The results showed that average R&D and training intensities for the industry were 0.2% and 0.1% respectively, signalling poor knowledge intensity. Furthermore, the industry experienced shortage of technical experts, while production staff received more training than other categories of staff. The implications of these results to the sector and national economy were discussed and plausible policy options suggested.
  Keywords: R&D intensity; training intensity; pharmaceutical industry; innovation; Nigeria.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2022.10049620
   
  
• Factors That Accelerate the Determinants of Ecopreneurial Activities: An Empirical Study in Malaysia  
  by Farah Akmar Anor Salim, Punitha Sinnappan, Salwa Mohd Azmi, Yuhanis Abdul Jamal, Kamarull Bahar Ghazali 
  Abstract: The hit of coronavirus (COVID-19) has given a major impact to every country across the globe. Looking at the Malaysian economic sector, most of the business activities are well supported by both the government and related agencies to enhance its productivity. Overall, the awareness in sustaining the agriculture sector has been a top priority. Among the actions taken is encouraging the emergence of ecopreneurship within the agriculture sector. In this research, factors that inspire entrepreneurs to embark on ecopreneurial activities were observed. 119 entrepreneurs completed the questionnaire with an approximate response rate of 59.5%. The finding revealed that awareness plays a significant role in flourishing the agriculture enterprises in Malaysia. This study also revealed that attitude partially mediates the relationship between awareness and behaviour towards ecopreneurial activities. Future studies can replicate this study across different countries by taking the climate into consideration and incorporate other variables to develop a better understanding.
  Keywords: ecopreneurship; ecopreneur; sustainability; entrepreneurship; awareness; attitude; Malaysia.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2022.10049741
   
  
• An Effective Knowledge-Based Recommendation System for Supply Chain Information Based on UserCF Algorithm  
  by Rubel ., Bijay Kushwaha, Rebeka Sultana, Md Helal Miah, Surbhi Sharma 
  Abstract: This research paper illustrates the knowledge-based system for supply chain information as the application platform. The algorithm uses the latent Dirichlet allocation (LDA) model to mine knowledge’s semantic connotation and characterise user interests. Additionally, fuzzy C-means (FCM) algorithm limits the traversal range to cluster users. An adapted function is optimised and focused on previous literature reviews and research gaps. The optimised adapted function is applied to the knowledge sharing and dissemination platform Scopus index. Firstly, user knowledge documents are obtained, and the topic-optimised LDA model is used to mine user knowledge topics. Then, users are clustered through the FCM algorithm to reduce the traversal range of the similarity calculation, and JS divergence is used instead of Euclidean distance to realise the conversion from the FCM object to the user. Finally, based on the UserCF algorithm, user’s interest index in knowledge is constructed, and the TOP-N recommendation is made.
  Keywords: recommendation knowledge; knowledge sharing; collaborative filtering; supply chain information.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2022.10049760
   
  
• The Effects of Innovation Dimensions on Small and Entrepreneurship Business Performance in Emerging Markets: Evidence from Qatar  
  by Anas Al Bakri, Mohammed Elgammal 
  Abstract: This study examines the effects of different innovation dimensions, namely financial, input, process, and output innovations on the small and entrepreneurship business (SEB) financial, organisational, and marketing performance in emerging markets, specifically in the Qatari context. A quantitative approach is the appropriate study design. The outcome clarifies that the SEB performance is the outcome of different factors that exist at multiple levels, including the financial, organisational, and marketing innovations that either reduce or reinforce each other during the interaction. The discovery justified the first hypothesis that innovation factors in SEBs are positively correlated to firm performance. The firm’s innovation factors play an integral role in shaping its financial innovativeness. The findings demonstrate that the manifestation of the SEBs’ marketing performance is openly interrelated with the innovation factors that operate closely with research and development investments and, the innovations.
  Keywords: innovation; small business; entrepreneurship; firm performance; financial performance; organisational performance; marketing performance; innovation input; output innovation.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2022.10049790
   
  
• Using budgets to measure the financial efficiency of higher education institutions: a case study of Tikrit University  
  by Saad Salih Hussein, Naseem AL-LALLO 
  Abstract: A budget is a dynamic tool used by management accounting to set a financial plan, control the resources, communicate among divisions, and subsequently reach financial efficiency by achieving the budgeted target. This paper aims to empirically investigate the use of budgets to measure the financial efficiency of higher education institutions, the Tikrit University in Iraq as a case study. Considering 16 different budgets for a period of five years of data (2015 to 2019), collecting primary data through the Delphi method and employing the min-max normalisation technique, partial adjustment model, and fixed effect panel data analysis to measure the financial efficiency. The study observes that Tikrit University performed virtuously in the matter of achieving the budgeted target. Some contradictory results are found in the individual budget efficiency which needs to be investigated further with appropriate data.
  Keywords: budgets; financial efficiency; higher education institutions; Tikrit University.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2022.10049796
   
  
• The relevance of social capital in the form of network brokerage, network cohesion and network homophily to intrapreneurship  
  by Boris Urban, Jeff Chen, Kelisha Panday 
  Abstract: Research acknowledges that innovation within an organisation is as much of a social phenomenon as a technical one, signifying the importance of social capital to develop intrapreneurship. Given there are several unresolved issues concerning the various forms of social capital on intrapreneuring, the study seeks to establish to what extent does social capital in the form of network brokerage, social network cohesion and network homophily influence intrapreneurship. A survey is administered internationally to middle managers as they have an integrative role enabling them to shape intrapreneurial behaviour in an organisation. Findings show positive and significant results for all the study hypotheses, where network building, network influence, bridging, trust, reciprocity, and relationship linking all demonstrate large predictive relevancy values in terms of the study model. The relevance of the significant findings is apparent when considering that activities associated with fostering network brokerage and social cohesion can explain intrapreneurship.
  Keywords: intrapreneurship; corporate entrepreneurship; innovation; social capital; network brokerage; social network cohesion; network homophily.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2022.10049815
   
  
• Assessing Willingness to Pay Dynamics at a World Heritage Site of India: A Stated Preference Approach  
  by Ashifuddin Ahmed Saikia, Chandan Goswami 
  Abstract: Manas National Park (MNP) is a World Heritage Site in Assam, India. It holds immense conservational significance due to its ecological biodiversity. Despite accomplishing notable conservation success, the lack of adequate and timely funds is a constant burden for the management. Therefore, this study aims to assess the willingness to pay (WTP) of MNP visitors and identify the important determinants and attributes so that the key action areas could be identified for better tourism management and improved earnings. Based on the contingent valuation method, the study employed the payment card approach on 178 park visitors to elicit their WTP responses. Although tourism in MNP is still at an early stage, it was observed that the visitors place considerable value to the preservation of the park. Loyalty, environmental disposition, and concern for MNP were observed to be strong positive determinants of visitors’ WTP. In addition, infrastructure, services/facilities, and cost emerged as the crucial attributes of the park.
  Keywords: protected-area; national park management; contingent valuation; revenue generation; financial sustainability; pricing policy; India.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2022.10049820
   
  
• Building strategic innovation model for small and medium enterprises of Malaysia: inclusion of a holistic philosophy  
  by Ariful Islam, Sazali Abd, Ahmad Shaharudin Abdul Latiff, Adil Mansoor 
  Abstract: For Malaysian SMEs, the rate of failure is alarming. Innovation can increase the competitiveness of SMEs, contributing to sustainable business growth. However, the current dominant frameworks of innovation no longer serve as an effective means of resolving and assessing the issues that today's business complexities entail. Thus, the study aims to configure a holistic strategic innovation paradigm that can act as a foundation for the sustainable competitive edge of SMEs. Here, a systematic analysis of literature has been executed to analyze the strategic innovation configuration triggered by Islamic philosophy, in which over 369 publications are read and reviewed by the authors. The study explores the concept of Holistic Strategic Innovation (HSI) to fill the void of “firm-level strategic innovation through holistic guidance”,which is seen as an obstacle that prevents SMEs from being smartly innovative. Here, validity was aimed at sampling articles based on established guidelines. Alongside, a qualitative part has been used to support the direction of the analysis.
  Keywords: Innovation; Islamic Entrepreneurship; Religiosity; SME; Sustainable Growth.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2021.10049860
   
  
• Organisational characteristics of innovativeness revisited: an evaluation framework proposal with a comparative multiple case study on leading Turkish manufacturers  
  by Nihan Yildirim, Hakki Okan Yeloğlu 
  Abstract: This paper explores the organisational characteristics facilitating innovativeness and proposes an organisational evaluation framework by a thematic content analysis of literature. This framework is applied and validated by multiple comparative case studies on Turkey’s six major export leader manufacturing companies. The study utilises the qualitative information obtained from open-to-public documents about the selected companies. The key concepts that can be utilised as measures for assessing the organisational dimensions of innovativeness are also discussed. Comparative analysis of cases revealed some common organisational characteristics in all selected companies, such as strategic orientation towards innovation, organisational heritage, innovation experience, commitment to technology, use of technology transfer, R&D management, external links, openness, and financial resource management. The study also concluded that some dimensions such as space for creativity, cross-functional cooperation, or risk acceptance varies by organisational and industrial context.
  Keywords: organisational innovativeness; organisational factors; case study; innovation measurement; innovativeness; manufacturing industry; automotive industry; durable goods industry; evaluation framework.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2022.10049869
   
  
• Co-Innovation Platform in Creative Tourism: A Conceptual Framework  
  by Roma Nova Poetry, Togar M. Simatupang, Achmad Ghazali 
  Abstract: The occurrence of COVID-19 pandemic mostly affected tourism, and the adoption of innovative mechanism is inevitable in this industry. Therefore, this study aims to provide a conceptual framework of co-innovation which can guide tourism practitioners in the implementation process. It is based on a comprehensive literature review of the co-innovation platform model and frameworks in creative tourism. The frameworks from selected publications are evaluated and synthesised to develop a complete conceptual model. Furthermore, the study addresses the primary constructs and possible outcomes of co-innovation platforms in creative tourism by synthesising previous findings in innovation and tourism. It recommends that creative tourism stakeholders conduct co-innovation in their destinations by implementing the four foundation pillars: convergence, collaboration, co-creation of experiences, and co-capture.
  Keywords: co-innovation; creative tourism; conceptual framework; platform; collaboration.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2022.10049928
   
  
• Indian Stock Market Portfolio Performance on COVID-19 by using Clustering: An Empirical Study  
  by Arup Mitra, Sayan Gupta, Goutam Bandyopadhy, A.K. Jalan 
  Abstract: Allocation of limited resources in stock market over a period of time is the most challenging factor for investors and participants. For many years, academicians and researchers have tried to build optimum portfolio to get maximum profit with minimum risk. Portfolio is a combination of positive and negative sub-assets from major assets. The portfolio optimisation is a process of manually but logically trying to create group of such sub-assets moving upward, downward or lateral and making investment to them. As forecasting is an expensive task for researchers, a simple clustering need to be introduced in order to maximise the profit and to minimise the risk. In this article, we have introduced mean-variance analysis to examine the profitability of portfolio management. Finally ratio analysis is implemented in prediction for optimum portfolio. An equal must policy strategy has been adopted to compare the portfolios of Morgan Stanley Capital International MSCI-96 shares in the pre and post pandemic situation COVID-19, affected in India in 2020
  Keywords: stock market; clustering; mean-variance; Altman z-score; risk and returns.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2022.10049972
   
  
• Media Lab: Mechanisms driving Sci-Fi to real world technological innovations?  
  by Wesley L. Harris, Jarunee Wonglimpiyarat 
  Abstract: Can science fiction (sci-fi) be transformed into real innovations? This is the challenging question that inspires Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) Media Lab to turn imagination to future technological innovations. This research study analyses futuristic innovations of MIT Media Lab through the integrative lens of the competitive diamond model and the triple helix model. The results show that the government has to be less controlling in order to engender the process of
  Keywords: science fiction; sci-fi; Media Lab; demo-or-die; technology transfer; triple helix; entrepreneurial ecosystem.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2022.10050050
   
  
• The Influence of Quality Factors on AR-Based Mobile Apps and Its Role in Enhancing Satisfaction and Reuse Intention Behaviour-An Empirical Investigation  
  by Komal Anand, Sheena Suresh 
  Abstract: Superimposing the real world with computer-generated imagery promises enormous potential for business houses. Its application in industries has thus far been stunted by deficient studies. Appreciating the prevailing scenario, this study investigates and analyses the impact of quality characteristics (information quality, system quality and service quality) on satisfaction and reuse intention of this new contraption popularly known as
  Keywords: augmented reality; information quality; system quality; service quality; user satisfaction; reuse intention.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2022.10050063
   
  
• Examining the traceability in agriculture supply chain using blockchain technology  
  by SUBHODEEP MUKHERJEE, Manish Mohan Baral, Ramji Nagariya, Venkataiah Chittipaka 
  Abstract: Blockchain technology is changing the supply chain face by removing the trust-related issues among the vendors and customers. The agriculture supply chain consists of products from the farms to the customers. In this process, traceability plays a vital role in tracking and tracing the products in the entire supply chain. This research aims to identify traceability factors for adopting blockchain using stakeholders’ theory. Five factors
  Keywords: traceability; blockchain technology; agriculture supply chain; stakeholder theory; structural equation modelling; mediating variable.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2022.10050077
   
  
• Entrepreneurial Learning and Entrepreneurial Intention- The Mediating Role of Personal Growth Initiative  
  by Lata Singh, Anubha Vashisht, Priya Grover, Syed Asif Mehdi 
  Abstract: In the presented study, researchers expect to find out whether and how entrepreneurial learning influences respondents’ future entrepreneurial intentions both directly and indirectly. Although prior studies have empirically explored the direct effect, but the role of personal growth initiative as a mediator has never been examined in the past studies. Therefore, the present study investigates the mediating influence of personal growth initiative on the link among entrepreneurial learning and entrepreneurial intention. The empirical study is based on 256 respondents from the different universities located in Delhi-NCR. The study’s findings demonstrated a substantial positive correlation between all constructs, i.e., entrepreneurial learning, personal growth initiative, and entrepreneurial intention, and also confirmed the mediating effect of personal growth initiative between entrepreneurial learning and intention. The study’s findings will be valuable to academic universities across the world, where the academicians are involved in transferring entrepreneurial learning for improving entrepreneurial intention among the students.
  Keywords: entrepreneurial learning; entrepreneurial intention; personal growth initiative; PGI; entrepreneurship development.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2022.10050079
   
  
• Evolving strategic performance-based logistics in the military: a total life-cycle approach perspective  
  by Jaeyeon Choi, Seongwoo Kim, Kyunghwan Choi 
  Abstract: This study contributes to developing a strategic performance-based logistics (PBL) that considers a failure pattern and performance indicators from a total life cycle approach perspective. After reviewing a lot of PBL literature related to the type of contract and period, we conduct a multi-case analysis focusing on 13 implementing cases in Korea as our sample. To mature a strategic PBL, we suggest different performance indicators and incentives by contract type, especially risk factors and settlements at the initial phase from the focus group interviews with government and industry experts. Through our meticulous examination, we draw a new conclusion that is efficient and effective in securing long-term contracts with firm and fixed-price contracts (FFPC) and rough and estimated price contracts (REPC). This paper may be the first to present a strategic PBL, including contract types and periods that benefit both the governments and defence companies from a total life cycle approach perspective.
  Keywords: performance-based logistics; PBL; total life-cycle; firm and fixed-price contract; FFPC; rough and estimate price contract; REPC; failure patterns; performance indicators.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2022.10050229
   
  
• Impact of corporate governance and financial performance on sustainable innovation beyond the COVID-19 pandemic  
  by Hoang Bui, Zoltán Krajcsák 
  Abstract: This study goes into the research of sustainable innovation and its relation to the corporate governance and firm performance of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) by exploring the changes that business firms carried out to maintain effective resume operation in the context of the post-COVID-19 pandemics. We also show a link between sustainability and financial firm performance. Our results show that sustainable innovation had an indirect positive and significant effect on financial performance, regardless of the business size or sector. The research paper shows that with a practical sustainable innovation, one's firm performance can alter the operation of the companies and generate positive outcomes to boost the recovery of business firms after COVID-19.
  Keywords: corporate government; financial performance; sustainability innovation.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2022.10050298
   
  
• Panel Data Investigation of Determinants of Profitability: Evidence from Indian Corporate Sector  
  by Rakshika Gupta, Supran Kumar Sharma, Jyoti Sharma 
  Abstract: The study uncovers the role of factors like size, liquidity, tangibility, firm age, asset turnover, capital structure, technical efficiency and its components on the level of profitability of the selected firms listed in S&P Index of Bombay Stock Exchange of India. The return on equity (ROE) and return on assets (ROA) have been employed as proxies of profitability. Quantitative research methods including panel regression models of random and fixed effects as well as data envelopment analysis based technical efficiency have been estimated to reveal the impact of aforementioned factors on profitability of selected firms. The study recommends that tangibility, asset turnover, firm size, firm age and capital structure are significant on statistical ground for ROA whereas in case of ROE, capital structure, firm size, asset turnover and firm age are established as critically significant factors. The results also highlight that higher scale technical efficiency may ends in poorer profitability.
  Keywords: firm age; profitability; liquidity; return on equity; return on assets; panel data.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2022.10050301
   
  
• Covenant Prioritisation in Indian Venture Capital Partnership Agreement with Entrepreneurs  
  by Sarita Mishra 
  Abstract: The study examines 77 Indian venture capital partnership agreement of venture capital fund. Though the objectives of these contracts are similar but their structures are quite heterogeneous in nature. Major covenants included in Indian venture capital contract are highlighted in this study as per the potential and requirement of the partnership contract. Indian venture capital agreement includes 21 types’ of contractual covenant belongs to three broad category. The items include cash flow, restrictive and exit covenant. These three types of covenant are more common in Indian VC deal to reduce discrepancy and conflict among various partners. All the 21 covenant listed in this study is prioritised by RIDIT analysis. The response of VC investor towards importance of each covenant in VC contract is the reference data set in this study. This study finds covenants under cash flow right category s.a. participating preferred, sum of cash flow contingencies are most important according to investor’s point of view in Indian VC contract. The result of this study is in support of previous eminent literature (Bengtsson, 2011). The finding of the study contributes towards importance of cash flow right for conflict resolution in entrepreneurial finance literature.
  Keywords: venture capital partnership contract; covenant; cash flow right.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2022.10050353
   
  
• Developing Conceptual Framework of the Actors of Industrial Relations in the RMG Industry of Bangladesh: A Strategic Choice Perspective  
  by Md. Shawan Uddin, Sheikh M. Nurullah, A.N.M. Jahangir Kabir, A.K.M Moniruzzaman 
  Abstract: The main purpose of this study is to develop a theoretical model based on previous literature to identify the actors in the ready-made garment (RMG) industry in Bangladesh that affects industrial relations (IRs). This study attempts to explore the actors of IRs. This research framework is developed through a comprehensive literature review by incorporating strategic choice theory and the related research agenda. The link between the actors and IRs has been indicated by relevant literature. Literature’s empirical proof also indicates a clear relationship between the actors and IRs. Therefore, this study will help solve unclear ideas about the development and harmonious relationship between the actors and IRs in the RMG sector. The framework ensures its importance of originality in this study due to the addition of new actor international buyers (IBs) to the earlier framework by Dunlop (1958). By examining the theory of strategic choice and its contribution to IRs, this leads to scarce literature on IRs in RMG. This study will benefit to all actors of IRs, policy makers and academician.
  Keywords: ready-made garment; RMG; industrial relations; trade unions; employers; government agents; international buyers; strategic choice theory; Bangladesh.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2022.10050356
   
  
• An Empirical Analysis on Factors Affecting Listed Banking Companies’ Leverage in Bangladesh  
  by Repon Miah, Md. Abdur Rouf, Samsul Alam 
  Abstract: The study intended to determine the characteristics of Bangladeshi listed banking companies return on assets (ROA), total assets (TA), return on sales (ROS), board size (BSIZ), independent director (IND), separation of chief executive officer (SCEO), age, and its influence on these banks’ leverage. For a total 150 annual reports over a period of five years of the Dhaka Stock Exchange (DSE) enlisted banks were selected as the sample in this study, which is analysed using content analysis technique. The economic model fits with the data that have been used for evaluating the effect of experimental variables on the measured variable termed as leverage. Among the factors analysed, it was found that two factors have a significant relationship affecting the leverage of banking companies. The results of this study found from regression models show that ROA is positively and significantly related to the leverage of the banking companies. On the other hand, ROS and INDs are related to the leverage of banking entities negatively and significantly. Thus, the study shows that ROA positively and significantly influences banking companies’ leverage decisions. Conversely, the banking companies’ leverage decision is influenced by ROS both negatively and significantly.
  Keywords: bank characteristics; financial leverage; return on assets; total assets; return on sales; age; Bangladesh.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2022.10050549
   
  
• The impact of Supply Chain Innovative Practices on Customer Satisfaction in Small Manufacturing Enterprises  
  by Baraka Israel 
  Abstract: This paper examines the extent to which manufacturing SMEs embrace SCIPs and their impact on customer satisfaction using a convenience sampling technique and cross-sectional research design. Data were collected from 172 customers of manufacturing SMEs in Mwanza city, Tanzania using a questionnaire. Binary logistic regression was used to ascertain the impact of SCIPs on customer satisfaction. The study revealed electronic data interchange, early buyer involvement, just-in-time, collaboration, vendor-managed inventory, lean production, agile supply chain, outsourcing and cross-docking as the most SCIPs adopted in manufacturing SMEs. The spotted SCIPs showed a positive and statistically significant impact on customer satisfaction. The study concludes that SCIPs are important tools for customer satisfaction along the supply chain of manufacturing SMEs. Therefore, supply chain stakeholders should aim at full adoption of SCIPs to improve their performance, satisfy and retain customers. The study also provides direction for future studies, theoretical and managerial implications to policymakers and scholars.
  Keywords: supply chain; SCIPs; manufacturing SMEs; customer satisfaction.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2022.10050655
   
  
• Sustainable Innovation Domain- A Retrospective Analysis of 20 Years through Scientometric Technique  
  by Santosh Baheti, Usha Lenka 
  Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to inspect the growth of sustainable innovation domain for the past two decades. We have conducted a systematic review and scientometric analysis of 1,271 articles during 2000 to 2019 through the analysis of citation, co-citation, co-word, co-author and bibliographic coupling. The cluster analysis result shows the citation pattern of authors, documents, journals, and institutes with productive research output. Through the in-depth analysis of literature, we have presented different theories and constructs of sustainable innovation domain. The relationship between sustainable innovation and company performance has received growing attention in research, yet a consensus remains elusive. This study organizes the knowledge basis for sustainability challenges, new form of sustainable innovations, unsustainable business practices, and different strategies for sustainable business innovation
  Keywords: sustainable innovation; organizational performance; systematic review; scientometric analysis.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2022.10050724
   
  
• Sustainable supply chain innovation: a state-of-the-art literature review and future research avenues  
  by Pankaj C. Shete, Zulfiquar N. Ansari, Ravi Kant 
  Abstract: In recent years, the role of innovation from a sustainability perspective has emerged as a key contributor to improving sustainability performance. The purpose of this paper is to systematically review the sustainable innovation (SI) research based on content analysis methodology. A total of 191 relevant research articles from SCOPUS database were selected from 2004 to 2020. These articles are categorised into 16 categories: time span, journal, publisher, University, country, research design, research method, multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) methods, data analysis techniques, theory, dimensions, industries, enablers, issues, and barriers. The significant finding indicates that survey is the most prominent research method in SI literature. Analytical hierarchy process is the most commonly used MCDM. The researcher used structural equation modelling to analyse the collected data. SI research is predominantly performed in the countries like China and India. A significant analysis is carried out in the manufacturing industry.
  Keywords: sustainable supply chain innovation; literature review; content analysis; research methodology.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2022.10050808
   
  
• Organisational cynicism and auditors' turnover intention: the mediating role of emotional exhaustion  
  by Waed Ensour, Mohannad Obeid Al Shbail, Hashem Alshurafat 
  Abstract: Many empirical studies have examined predictors of employees’ turnover intention. In this vein, emotional exhaustion has been found as a predictor of this outcome. Yet, little is known about the role of organisational cynicism in fostering employees’ emotional exhaustion and the role of emotional exhaustion in mediating the relationship between organisational cynicism and auditors’ turnover intention. As such, this study investigates the relationship between organisational cynicism and auditors’ turnover intention. Even more, this study investigates this association in the auditors’ context by encompassing emotional exhaustion as a mediator. Results indicate that organisational cynicism positively and significantly impacts emotional exhaustion. Results also supported the positive and significant impact of affective cynicism on turnover intention of internal auditors, whereas cognitive cynicism and behavioural cynicism did not have such an impact. As for emotional exhaustion, it was found to have a significant impact on the turnover intention of the internal auditors. Emotional exhaustion was found to fully mediate the cognitive cynicism-turnover intention and behavioural cynicism-turnover intention relationships. However, it only had a partial mediating impact on the affective cynicism-turnover intention relationship.
  Keywords: organisational cynicism; emotional exhaustion; turnover intention; auditors.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2022.10050809
   
  
• Ascertaining the effectiveness of social media marketing activities on purchase intention and the moderation effect of consumer trust  
  by ANJEL R.A.J. Y, Hemalatha Jeyachandran, Mohamed Jasim 
  Abstract: This study investigates the impact of social media marketing activities (SMMA) on the purchase intention (PI) of online customers. Quality of content (QOC), entertainment (ENT), mode of interaction (MI), trendiness (TR) and customisation (CU) are the independent variables employed in the study. The study also deployed consumer trust (CTR) as the moderating variable. Data collected through Google Forms from the regular and active social media users yielded 489 valuable responses. To assess the validity of the questionnaire, content and construct validity were established, and reliability was measured using Cronbach’s alpha and found to be 0.811. Data collected were analysed using statistical techniques such as exploratory factor analysis (EFA), confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), moderating analysis and SEM. The study witnessed a statistically significant association between QOC, ET, MI, TR and CU with PI. CTR was found to moderate the relationship between SMAA and PI.
  Keywords: social media; purchase intention; PI; consumer trust; CTR; quality of content; entertainment; ENT; trendiness.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2022.10050859
   
  
• Privacy Policies and User Self-Disclosure in Social Media: The Mediating Effect of Social Media Trust  
  by Mohammad Daradkeh 
  Abstract: With the increasing adoption of social media platforms, privacy concerns and self-disclosure behaviours have attracted much attention in academic and business circles. Based on the antecedent-privacy concern-outcome (APCO) model of privacy concerns, this study develops a moderated mediation model to examine the mechanisms by which social media privacy policies (including both dimensions of privacy policy understanding and perceived effectiveness) influence self-disclosure. To test the model, this study used a deductive approach with a quantitative research design. Data were collected from social media users through a self-reported questionnaire. Multiple regression analysis was conducted to test the research model and hypotheses. The results of this study show that trust in social media mediates the relationship between privacy policy and self-disclosure, and that privacy cost moderates the relationship between privacy policy and trust in social media. Moreover, the relationship between privacy policies and self-disclosure is not a simple linear model, but a complex multilinear model with a mediated effect. This study provides empirical evidence for understanding the effects of social media privacy policies on self-disclosure and the factors that contribute to users’ self-disclosure decisions on social media platforms.
  Keywords: privacy policies; self-disclosure; social media trust; SMT; privacy cost; antecedent-privacy concern-outcome model; APCO; privacy cost; social media.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2022.10050863
   
  
• Customer experience management in financial services: A systematic literature review  
  by Elina Ojala-Ketolainen, Janne Huiskonen, Ville Ojanen 
  Abstract: This article explores recent development in research-based knowledge of customer experience management in financial services. The objectives of the research are to identify the current state-of-the-art in this field and to reveal gaps in existing knowledge. The results indicate that earlier research on customer experience in financial services focused on managerial literature about customer centricity in companies. Recently, research interests have also centred around customer experience measurement. Another finding was that studies about utilising customer journeys in financial services context are still limited, and research on technology developments effect on customer experience in financial services requires further exploration. Altogether, this study suggested seven future research directions. Despite the consensus that customer experience is industry-specific, a review of research focusing on customer experience specifically in financial services context has been lacking. Hence, this review makes a unique contribution by identifying the main themes in existing research and proposing further research areas.
  Keywords: customer experience; customer experience management; financial services; banking; systematic literature review.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2022.10050918
   
  
• The security environment in Indian commercial banks: An Employees Information Security Behaviour Perspective.  
  by Prasanna S, V. Mariappan, Asraar Ahmed, Damodharan V. S. 
  Abstract: he drastic changes in technology profoundly influence organisational performance in the ICT-dominated business environment; hence, no organisation can afford to undermine technology adoption in their operations and management. However, while such technologies have benefited organisations immensely, they are not free from concerns, especially related to information security threats from outside and within the organisation, including the employees. The current study explores the information security issues emanating from employees’ information security awareness, attitude, policies, and employees’ information security behaviour. A structured questionnaire was administered among 420 public and private sector bank employees, and 389 responses were considered for the final analysis. Results from the structured equation modelling analysis indicate that employees’ attitudes towards subjective norms and information security profoundly and positively influence their information security behaviour. Information security policy (ISP) characteristics and awareness have played an important role in shaping employees’ attitudes towards ISP compliance. The findings also provide insight into factors that do not influence employees’ information security behaviours (ISB) that can help the bank management improve in this area with a suitable policy framework in the future.
  Keywords: information security behaviour; ISB; information security policy; ISP; information security awareness; subjective norms; cognitive evaluation theory; theory of planned behaviour.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2022.10050939
   
  
• ECO-INNOVATION PRACTICES IN THE SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT  
  by Natalia Silva, Giuliana Aparecida Santini Pigatto, Eduardo G. Satolo 
  Abstract: The article aims to identify eco-innovation practices and their consequences in the furniture supply chain. Theories on supply chain management and eco-innovation made it possible to identify eco-innovation practices belonging to the supply chain that could be applied to the furniture industry. Literature research and a systematic literature review (SLR) were used for the theoretical foundation. For data collection, a multiple case study was carried out in companies belonging to the furniture sector in Brazil to analyse how eco-innovation practices are carried out. The results showed that eco-innovation practices are embedded in the activities of companies analysed through business processes: customer relationship management, manufacturing management, supplier relationship management, product development, marketing and return management. It is concluded that there are eco-innovation practices in the furniture supply chain and that the adoption of these practices ensures the competitiveness of companies in the market and results in social, environmental, and economic benefits.
  Keywords: practices; eco-innovation; supply chain; furniture.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2022.10051038
   
  
• How Different Motives to Acquire Management Consulting Affect Firms’ Organizational Performance?  
  by Sami Kajalo, Jukka Mattila 
  Abstract: Firms have different motives to acquire management consulting services. However, only limited evidence has been presented on how these different motives affect firms’ experienced benefits. This paper focuses on this research gap by studying empirically how different motives to acquire management consulting affect firms’ organisational performance. For the empirical analysis a data (N = 1127) was collected among managers who acquire services of management consultants. We use structural equation modelling (SEM) to test our hypotheses. The results of the SEM model show that when consulting is purchased to obtain best expertise or learn best practises this leads to higher organisational performance. Improved client decisions are in a key mediatory role between management consulting service delivery and organisation’s performance. The results show also that using consultancy to gain higher legitimacy does not lead to higher organisational performance. Overall, this research expands knowledge about management consultancy and its impacts on organisational performance.
  Keywords: management consulting; competitive advantage; client-consultant relationship; leadership.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2022.10051064
   
  
• Barriers to employing women with disabilities in Jordanian organizations  
  by Worud Awamleh, Saida Al-Adwan, Areen A.Q. Almajali, Hussein Khazer Almajali 
  Abstract: This study aims to identify the barriers facing the employment of women with disabilities in Jordanian institutions. The study used the descriptive comparative research method, as it is suitable for research purposes. To verify the views of employers and female workers with disabilities about these barriers, the researchers prepared a questionnaire divided into four domains (personal difficulties, family difficulties, functional administrative difficulties, and environmental difficulties). The results of the study indicated that the difficulties facing the employment of female workers with disabilities came to a high degree while difficulties of employing female workers with disabilities from the point of view of the employers of Jordanian institutions came to a medium degree. The results also indicated that there were statistically significant differences between the difficulties of employing female workers with disabilities due to the variable of the type of disability.
  Keywords: women; women with disabilities; working women; Jordanian institutions.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2022.10051139
   
  
• The association between personality traits and perceived innovativeness  
  by Michal Jirásek, Frantisek Sudzina 
  Abstract: The innovativeness of individuals is a building block of innovation in organisations. Previous research has indicated that certain personality traits are linked to individuals’ perceived innovativeness. We aim to shed further light on how these links differ by analysing self-and meta perceptions of innovativeness. We used a sample of Danish students as part of a broader personality project in which respondents filled out the Big Five inventory questionnaire (BFI-44) on the five personality traits and more detailed personality facets. The results showed that openness to experience and extraversion were positively associated with self-and meta-perceptions of innovativeness, while conscientiousness and neuroticism were associated positively with meta-perception only. Agreeableness was weakly associated with both types of perceptions but its direction was subject to change. Our results broadly support previous empirical studies. They also highlight that differences in perceptions depend on the perspective of the evaluator.
  Keywords: innovativeness; personality traits; Big Five; self-perception; meta-perception.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2022.10051418
   
  
• Understanding social entrepreneurial intentions among higher education students in India: A PLS-SEM-based approach to personality and contextual factors  
  by Latika Sharma, Hemantkumar P. Bulsara 
  Abstract: Using the theory of planned behaviour (TPB) as a theoretical framework, this research aims to analyse personality factors (PFs), contextual factors (CFs), and social entrepreneurial intentions (SEIs). The authors contacted North-West Indian students in engineering and business administration (professional courses) who are of career-decision-making age for this study. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) was used to analyse the study’s test results. TPB’s antecedents are revealed to provide partial support in the research. The authors have attempted to pinpoint which aspects of social entrepreneurship impact India’s youth by analysing the information collected from PF and CF. For students interested in social entrepreneurship to launch successful social enterprises in the near future, policymakers and educational institutions should take care of and encourage a variety of personality and contextual traits.
  Keywords: social entrepreneurial intention; SEI; personality factors; contextual factors; higher education; social enterprise; theory of planned behaviour; TPB; India; social entrepreneurship.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2022.10051628
   
  
• An Insight into Recent Trends in Mobile Money Service: A Comprehensive Bibliometric Analysis  
  by Misbah Noreen, Prashant Ashok Sonawane, Ammara Sarwar, Md. Shahin Mia, Ferdoushi Ahmed 
  Abstract: Mobile money service has brought a revolution with an innovative idea in the financial services sector. Therefore, this study aims to provide an insight into the recent trends in research and publications on mobile money services. The study retrieved published documents on mobile money services from Scopus database for the period of 2009
  Keywords: insight; mobile money services; recent trends; bibliometric analysis.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2022.10051633
   
  
• INNOVATION AND THE INTERNATIONAL FIELD: A BIBLIOMETRIC STUDY  
  by Alice Salami-Adesanya, Marisa Ramirez-Aleson 
  Abstract: This paper explores the academic research on innovation, its related concepts
  Keywords: innovation; internationalisation; R&D; technology; bibliometric analysis; VOSviewer.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2022.10051663
   
  
• The effect of external search depth on innovation performance: The mediating role of organizational innovation  
  by Gun Jea Yu, Hojin Jung, Seong-Ho Cho 
  Abstract: Much research has been done to examine the positive effect of external search depth on innovation performance. However, litter has been known about the process through which external search depth lead to innovation performance. This study examined the mediating effect of organisational innovation, which defined as enactment of newly made process, practice, and structure to reach a firm’s goal, on the relationship between external search depth. We considered three types of organisational innovation such as the change of process, introduction of organisational structure to enhance the cooperation, and the encouragement of the cooperation using 3,442 firms in Korea. The results suggested that external search depth is positively associated with innovation performance. In addition, we found that organisational innovation mediated the main relationship. This study contributes to the current innovation literature by providing the evidence on the mediating effect of organisational innovation.
  Keywords: external search depth; innovation performance; organisational innovation; mediation.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2021.10051843
   
  
• SOCIAL MEDIA RECRUITMENT AS A BLUE OCEAN STRATEGY FOR RECRUITMENT OUTCOMES IN SOUTH INDIAN MANUFACTURING COMPANIES- THE MODERATING ROLE OF HR INVESTMENT  
  by Vairamani Sathyamoorthi, Inayath Ahamed, Gnanadhas Delina 
  Abstract: Social media has gained popularity in recruitment owing to its numerous benefits for effective recruitment process. This study considers social media recruitment as a blue ocean strategy that curbs competition and attracts talents since it is not much prevalent in the Indian manufacturing industry yet. This research examines the moderating role of HR investment in the relationship between social media recruitment and recruitment outcomes. Data has been collected from HR recruitment consultancies using a questionnaire. SmartPLS 3.3 has been used for model validation. The findings of the study show that social media recruitment has a significant positive influence on recruitment outcomes. HR investment was found to have a moderating effect on the relationship between social media recruitment and recruitment outcomes. This study’s findings will be relevant to HR practitioners to develop the right strategies for social media recruitment, invest rightly in the recruitment function and eventually achieve desirable recruitment outcomes.
  Keywords: social media recruitment; SMR; blue ocean strategy; BOS; human resource investment; recruitment methods; recruitment outcomes.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2023.10051933
   
  
• Application of HRM practices in Higher Education Institution Using the Boston Consulting Group Matrix: the Case of the Kazakh University  
  by Zhandos Kudaibergenov, Bolatbek Abdrasilov, Dinmukhamed Kelesbayev, Sencer Imer 
  Abstract: In a market economy, human resources are one of the main elements ensuring the effectiveness and competitiveness of the organisation. Systematic conduct of research and analysis of employee’s performance is pivotal in improving the human resource management system of a modern organisation. The analysis encompasses a comprehensive review of the performance and contributions of lecturers in the academic and scientific activities of the university. By incorporating lecturers’ KPI into the portfolio model BCG matrix, this paper aims to identify the lecturers’ positions in the internal university ranking and to apply HRM practices in accordance with the positions in this matrix. We have created a new method for implementing HRM practices in university management based on the findings, including who is eligible for retraining and training, which quadrant lecturers need to be developed, and motivated. Moreover, numerous recommendations for lecturers’ development were included.
  Keywords: human resources management; HRM practices; higher education institution; BCG matrix; KPI; performance management; motivation.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2022.10051995
   
  
• Is HR Transformation during Covid-19 Facilitating Employees' Well-being?  
  by Sourabh Sharma, Megha Sharma 
  Abstract: Fundamental rethinking and restructuring are the essential ingredients to facilitate HR transformation in an organisation. The prevailing situation of COVID-19 demands to have a special focus on the employees’ concern and their well-being. This research paper is a sincere attempt to identify the association between HR transformation and employees’ well-being during COVID-19. Two self-developed questionnaires were administered to collect data from the sample of 302 Indian working professionals. Exploratory factor analysis and PLS-SEM statistical tools are used to find out the inferences. Two exogenous constructs of HR transformation and five endogenous constructs of well-being are derived and formed a research model. It has been concluded that although there is an influence of HR transformation on employees’ well-being, during COVID-19 a significant deviation has been observed in this trend. This study may help organisations to understand the change in HR practices and facilitate the well-being of their employees during the pandemic.
  Keywords: HR transformation; employees’ well-being; COVID-19; PLS-SEM; Indian working professionals.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2022.10052038
   
  
• Economics of Low-Cost Housing  
  by Asheri Mwidege, Hieronimi Mboya 
  Abstract: Owning a home called one’s own is the ultimate dream of everyone. Unaffordable house costs are associated with increased market prices of ordinary Portland cement. The economic effects of low-cost housing using blended Portland cement with duo pozzolan without compromising the key properties of cement were investigated. Pre-experimental design and snowball sampling of 112 cement brand dealers and analysis were employed. The driving force was to conserve the key properties while reducing the cost of Portland cement. It was advantageous to use P-N/RHA 10/20% optimum with Portland cement in ternary materials. The replacement of conventional cement with 10% to 40% of rice husk ash lowered the expected market prices of both brands in comparison to FACF and FACC. Findings showed that RHA is the best for replacement with OPC. It is therefore concluded that RHA should be used in replacement with OPC due to its level limits of 10%
  Keywords: low-cost housing; affordable house; blended Portland cement; pre-experimental; snowball; rice husk ash; RHA; OPC; FACC; FACF.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2022.10052040
   
  
• TALENT RETENTION AMONG MILLENNIALS IN THE MALAYSIAN MANUFACTURY INDUSTRY  
  by Niroshini Sukumaran, Hemaloshinee Vasudevan 
  Abstract: The study aims to examine the relationship between talent retention and work-life balance, reward management, career enhancement opportunity and employee engagement among millennials in Malaysia’s manufacturing industry. The loss of a talented employee will hinder the expansion of the company. Since it is more crucial to maintain people than to let them go, businesses must pay great attention to talent retention. For the organisation to remain competitive, it is essential to keep qualified or competent staff. A total of 500 questionnaires were issued via a Google survey form to millennial workers in Malaysia’s manufacturing sector. Convenience sampling, a non-probability sampling technique used in this study, bases the sample size on the amount of data gathered. The association between the variables is determined by using hypothesis testing. SPSS software was used for data analysis. The findings show a strong correlation between work-life balance and reward management and talent retention, with millennials expecting to stay with the organisation. This study can enhance future research by considering more independent variables such as job security, job performance, and employee commitment by doing a longitudinal study; and interviewing respondents instead of relying solely on an online survey.
  Keywords: work-life balance; reward management; career enhancement opportunity; talent Retention; millennials; Malaysian manufacturing industry.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2022.10052163
   
  
• ORGANISATIONAL COMPETENCES IN SERVICES 4.0: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE  
  by Helena Karoline Da Paz Silva, Fagner José Coutinho De Melo, Ademir Macedo Nascimento, Djalma Silva Guimaraes Junior, Eryka Fernanda Miranda Sobral 
  Abstract: The objective of this paper is to identify which organisational competences are required within the services sector based on the new market parameters brought about by Industry 4.0. To this end, a Systematic Literature Review was conducted involving three stages known as planning, execution and analysis, allowing for a mixed sequential exploratory review in a quantitative and qualitative manner. It then results in the presence of five organisational competences influential to worker development and how their use can leverage the internal and external development of organisations. The absence of this direct relationship between services, competences and technological innovation in the works found exposes the originality of this article and reduces the gap existing on the subject, which can serve as a stimulus for further work. The data presented herein may provide support to managers in their operational, tactical and strategic decision making.
  Keywords: Industry 4.0; Services 4.0; organisational competence; technical skills; social skills; digital skills; personal skills.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2022.10052256
   
  
• Innovation Capabilities Challenges in Government Organizations: UAE Government as a Case Study  
  by Tariq Albluwi, Azura Omar, Rafikul Islam 
  Abstract: This research aims to explore the current challenges facing the UAE government’s innovation capabilities. The UAE government currently spends billions of dollars on innovation, yet the scores in the global innovation index did not change dramatically. The research was conducted using a qualitative method, gathering data from different governmental sectors in the UAE, such as health, space, technology, education, water, energy, and transportation. The researchers interviewed 24 participants, analysed 43 public and private documents, and conducted two observations. The data were transcribed and analysed thematically, resulting in identified challenges in innovation for the UAE government in nine areas: strategy, HR, culture, collaboration, R&D, process, financing, marketing, and innovation concept. Examples of these challenges include lack of setting innovation priorities, Lack of employee focus, mismanagement of innovation culture, lack of inter-sector collaborations, Insufficient protection for IPs, Lack of R&D, and overfocus on marketing.
  Keywords: innovation; government; capabilities; improvement; challenges; United Arab Emirates; UAE.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2022.10052260
   
  
• Innovative Healthcare Product Design and Financial Returns: Evidence from an Indian Pharmaceutical Company  
  by DR.MITHUN NANDY 
  Abstract: The case focuses on Glenmark Pharmaceuticals Limited’s innovative marketing strategy behind the launch of a contemporary healthcare brand
  Keywords: R&D; innovation; healthcare brand; COVID-19; pharmaceutical; marketing strategy.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2022.10052343
   
  
• An Impact Assessment of Technological Innovations in the Credit Delivery of the Banking Sector: Evidence from India  
  by Mili Kar, Manisha Dey, Keya Das Ghosh 
  Abstract: Digitalisation in the financial sector is increasingly paving the way for easy, convenient, and paperless work for bank performance and India is also witnessing impressive growth in digital banking transactions. As per the data released by RBI, the share of digital payments against total non-cash retail payments increased to 98.5% in the year 2020
  Keywords: technological innovations; digital banking; innovative payment methods; bank lending; cointegration.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2022.10052344
   
  
• The revolutionary impact of micro-finance and role of financial institutions on agriculture income of farmers: An empirical analysis’s  
  by SYED MOHD MINHAJ, Saima ., Mohd Altaf Khan 
  Abstract: The objective of this study was to analyse the difference in earnings between a farmer who borrows funds and a farmer who does not borrow funds from micro financial institutions. Primary data was collected from two groups of farmers, one comprising farmers who borrowed funds from an MFI and the other group comprising agriculture farmers who borrowed funds from a non-MFI. Questionnaires were prepared for each of the farmer groups separately. 50 farmers were sampled in each group. The survey was conducted in rural areas of Chitradurga district and some parts of Uttar Kannada district. This study looked at how frequently farmers borrowed money. The study found that farmers who obtained finance had statistically better farm income than farmers who did not obtain -finance funding for their operations, suggesting that borrowing from micro finance institutions for agriculture farming operations would likely result in an increase in income from farming operations.
  Keywords: micro finance; agriculture farmers; income; borrowing; financial institutions.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2022.10052373
   
  
• Factors Affecting of Customer Relationship Management on Consumer Behavior in Real Estate Sector- A Study of Delhi -NCR  
  by Narendra Singh, Mukul Gupta, Pushpa Singh 
  Abstract: This study aims to identify the significant attributes of consumer behaviour from CRM services in the real estate sector. The data were collected from residents of Delhi-NCR in order to accomplish the objective. The exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modelling were used to identify the significant attributes of consumer behaviour from CRM services. This study revealed four attractive dimensions from residents of Delhi-NCR. These dimensions are service and support facilitation, communication facilitations, purchases and safety facilitations, and recreational facilities. This study concluded that identified dimensions play a significant role in affecting customer relationship management on consumer behaviour in the real estate sector. The finding and recommendations related to identifying factors were well discussed in terms of the relationship between CRM and consumer behaviour. This research empowers the residential real estate developers and makes them better positioned to design the policies.
  Keywords: customer relationship management; CRM; buying behaviour; real estate sector; SPSS; AMOS.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2022.10052375
   
  
• Validating the Big Five Aspect Scale amongst B-School Students in India  
  by Tanusree Dutta, Nitesh Bhatia, Raina Chhajer 
  Abstract: The Big Five theory of personality is recognised and measured across nations. This study examined the validity and reliability of the Big Five Aspect Scale (BFAS) developed by DeYoung et al.’s (2007) among Indian B-school students. The participants were 254 post-graduate level management students from B-schools in India. Results suggested that the BFAS did not retain the factor structure originally proposed by the scale developers. Internal reliability was below the level found in the North American sample. The psychometric features of the BFAS scale were not promising. Thus it might not be appropriate to measure personality traits of Indian B-school students using this scale.
  Keywords: validating; personality; Big Five Aspect Scale; BFAS; B-school; students; India.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2022.10052377
   
  
• Medical crowdfunding in India during Covid-19: Predictive modelling of campaign strength using XGBoost and Random Forest  
  by Rangapriya S, Madhavi Lokhande 
  Abstract: Medical crowd funding emerged as an important channel, during COVID
  Keywords: medical crowdfunding; predictive modelling; COVID-19; fundraising; machine learning; XGBoost; random forest.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2022.10052411
   
  
• Option pricing using Data-Driven Machine Learning Approaches: Empirical Evidence from Indian Financial Market.  
  by Prem Vaswani, Padmaja M, Kirubakaran Jayaprakasam 
  Abstract: Option pricing has always been seen as a black box, as it is highly complex, fierce, dynamic, and volatile. This study explored the application of machine learning (ML) models like stochastic gradient descent (SGD), decision tree, random forest, XGBoost, and artificial neural networks (ANN) to forecast the option price of NIFTY 50 index in Indian financial market. And the study determines the best model in comparison to the Black-Scholes Merton (BSM) model in forecasting the option prices. The study has applied a methodology called multi-model option-pricing neutral intelligence grid-search cross-validation assessment (MONICA) to value index options. The findings can help the traders and investors with their buy/sell strategies by comparing the forecasted value with the quoted value. The consistent and robust results from subsets using the same inputs and significance of Diebold and Mariano (DM) test statistics validates the outperformance of random forest and ANN approaches.
  Keywords: option prices; NIFTY index; Black-Scholes model; BSM; random forest; artificial neural network; ANN; DM test; stochastic gradient descent; SGD.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2022.10052440
   
  
• Do Corporate Governance and Firm-Specific Characteristics Affects the Environmental Sustainability of India? A Panel Data Approach  
  by SUCHISMITA GHOSH, Ritu Pareek, Tarak Nath Sahu 
  Abstract: In the new economy, this study concentrates on analysing the connection of corporate governance (CG) factors and firm-specific characteristics on sustainability practices when the natural environment and associated strategic prospects have augmented in importance. The population used in this study were 100 non-financial firms that are registered on National Stock Exchange (NSE) index of India from 2010 to 2021. In this study, two staged GMM-based dynamic panel data regression approach has been incorporated as analysis method. The result discloses a positive effect of CG factors like board size, board meetings, and CEO duality on environmental practices. But in the case of firm-specific characteristics, there exists a positive influence of age, liquidity on disclosure practices and negative impact of firm size on disclosure practices. The outcomes also provide a motivation for corporations to develop precise resources and capabilities in important areas that are of concern to appropriate investors.
  Keywords: corporate governance; firm specific characteristics; environmental sustainability; panel data analysis; India.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2022.10052492
   
  
• MERCHANT LOYALTY DRIVERS TO USE ELECTRONIC MONEY  
  by Hotniar Siringoringo, Dandy Kurnia, Nurul Hidayah, Sudaryanto Sudaryanto 
  Abstract: Electronic money is an emerging payment method these last decades that is increasing its utilisation with the spread of transmission of coronavirus 19 pandemic. The goal of this research was to verify the influence of intention, perceived risk, satisfaction, and trust on users loyalty toward e-money. This is attitudinal loyalty so thus questionnaire was deployed to collect data from e-money users. Merchant becomes the target of e-money user in this study. Structural equation modelling (SEM) was deployed to verified model developed to the data collected. Results revealed that data fit the model. It means intention, perceived risk, satisfaction, and trust simultaneously affect merchant loyalty in using e-money significantly. However, partially only intention and satisfaction affect merchant loyalty significantly. The influence is positive and very strong. This paper discussed the implication of the result that need to be considered by e-money stakeholders as well as future research challenges.
  Keywords: e-money; consumer behaviour; attitudinal loyalty; merchant; Indonesia.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2022.10052527
   
  
• Attitude and Intention to adopt FinTech services by Indian Rural Households  
  by Suresh G, Yuivamung Zimik Michael, Naveen Kumara R, Prakash M 
  Abstract: Fintech has been the game changer for many Business players. Due to Financial Technology, there is a paradigm shift in how finance-oriented companies operate today. The study aims to identify the factors driving fintech adoption amongst rural households. A questionnaire with five points Likert scale has been used for data collection. The technology acceptance model (TAM) and unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT) are used for this study. The study found that factors such as perceived trust, perceived usefulness and perceived risk have a major say in adopting FinTech services. The study is a breakthrough for Fintech companies in identifying factors that induce rural users to adopt Fintech. The study helps to improve the existing fintech apps to attract and tap the rural segments by focusing on these aspects.
  Keywords: FinTech; technology acceptance model; TAM; perceived usefulness; PU; perceived ease of use; PEOU; perceived trust; PT.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2022.10052562
   
  
• The nexus of sync advertising as an innovative advertising technique into consumer cognitive response  
  by Jugal Kishor 
  Abstract: This study suggests a research agenda in order to further and deepen the understanding of sync advertising that derives the innovative mechanism in the advertising field. A survey was conducted on 223 respondents who were familiar with the concept of sync advertising. After closely inspecting the ad frequency levels and click-through rate respondents were asked to fill the questionnaire. Negative binomial regression and zero-inflated regression were applied to data analysis. The results of the study depict that the difference between medium ad frequency and low ad frequency compared to high ad frequency was not found significant. However, the difference between medium ad frequency and low ad frequency was also not found significant to affect the brand memory. Further, the findings of the study revealed that respondents were leaner toward high ad frequency and low ad frequency compared to the low ad frequency to draw the attention.
  Keywords: Digital marketing; sync- advertising; cognitive response; ad frequency; click-through rate.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2022.10052634
   
  
• Measuring Effects of Perceived CSR on Customer Satisfaction in Banks: Mediating Role of Corporate Social Performance  
  by Nidhi SIngh, Shikha Bhatia, Sarika Mahajan 
  Abstract: The present study is based on the perception that relationship between CSR and customer satisfaction is not always straightforward and must be intervened with some influential variables. One such variable is corporate social performance (CSP). The present study aims to determine the direct and indirect impacts of perceived CSR on customer satisfaction through CSP. The study used cross-sectional data based on a survey of 253 respondents. Using PLS-SEM, hypothesised relationships were tested between the constructs. Findings of the present work confirm the significant mediating effect of CSP in the relationship between CSR and customer satisfaction. The study highlights the importance afford by customers on social performance of a bank when engaging in CSR. The study includes novel and distinctive customer foci dimensions namely, firm’s reputation, product responsibility and ethical business practices, to measure CSP in a bank. The study has various policy-related implications for banking industry.
  Keywords: firm’s reputation; product responsibility; ethical practices; social performance.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2022.10052874
   
  
• Green Innovation barriers in Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises: ISM-ANP Approach  
  by Nassibeh Janatyan, Zohre Ahmadi 
  Abstract: The purpose of this research is to investigate barriers to the implementation of green innovation in small and medium-sized enterprises and provide solutions to remove these barriers. In this study, to identify barriers to green innovation in SMEs, the opinions of senior managers of 28 Iranian SMEs were collected and the relationship between barriers was identified and ranked via an ANP-ISM approach. Finally, the solutions to remove important barriers of implementing green innovation were discussed. Six main groups of barriers of green innovation in Iranian SMEs were identified in three levels. The supporting green innovation, lack of sufficient knowledge and information about green innovation, and barriers to customers and the market are determined as driver variables in third level. Barriers to foreign participation, barriers to lack of government support in second level and barriers of management organisation and human resource in first level determined also as dependent variables. Finally, through ANP method barriers to foreign participation achieved the important green innovation’s barrier in SMEs in Iran. This study identified and prioritised the green innovation’s barriers in SMEs in Iran and compared these barriers with two middle east countries.
  Keywords: green innovation; barriers; small and medium-sized enterprises; SMEs; analytic network process; ANP; interpretive structural modelling; ISM; foreign participation.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2022.10052903
   
  
• Application of Disruptive Technologies in the Global Business Landscape: Learning Curve for Emerging Economies  
  by Lukman Raimi 
  Abstract: In developed countries, the application of disruptive technology in business (DTiB) is revolutionising the industrial, agricultural, commercial and service sectors. In emerging economies, however, application of DTiB is limited to a few sectors. This paper discusses the concept of DTiB, theories, and multidimensional benefits and risks using a qualitative research method. The paper provides four valuable insights. First, the notion of DTiB describes highly innovative technologies that challenge existing business models. Second, creative destruction theory (CDT), the theory of disruptive innovation (TDI), and diffusion of innovation theory (DIT) provide sound theoretical underpinnings for DTiB discourse. Third, DTiB presents society with multidimensional benefits that include digital capability, increased task flexibility, improved work efficiency, improved surveillance, among others, But, the risks include production risk, cybersecurity risk, market risk, workforce risk, institutional risk, compliance risk, third-party risk, and others. Fourth, the most visible applications of DTiB are AI, drones, robotics, big data and data analytics, and the internet of things (IoT). The paper concludes with practical and managerial implications.
  Keywords: business landscape; disruptive technologies; emerging economies; theories; disruptive technologies in business; DTiB; creative destruction theory; CDT; theory of disruptive innovation; TDI.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2022.10052928
   
  
• Currency market volatility during the pandemic  
  by Mykola Benko, Oleksandra Kononova, Olena Prokopova, Olena Kuzmenko, Tetiana Vlasenko 
  Abstract: The currency market is one of the main markets of the modern financial and economic systems of the world. From the information approach, this market is the most data-rich and public. These two features allow it to be viewed as volatility. The purpose of the study is to assess changes in foreign exchange market volatility in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. The use of abstraction explained the impact of pandemic events on the volatility of the foreign exchange market and revealed a quantitative characteristic of its change at the level of 25% of reactions to information on economic and political events in the world. The correlation analysis revealed a slight impact of the dollar index on changes in foreign exchange market volatility during the COVID-19 pandemic. This effect is observed at the level of 0.8%, which indicates a slight impact of the disease factor on foreign exchange trading.
  Keywords: volatility; volatility index; exchange rates; currency market; COVID-19 pandemic.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2022.10052993
   
  
• Innovation Drivers and innovation Adoption of service organizations  
  by SURA AL-AYED, Sulaiman Althuwaini 
  Abstract: This study aimed to explore the effect of innovation drivers on innovation adoption as a single construct. Four innovation drivers were used (organisational goals, competitors, customers, and external knowledge). Innovation was measured based on its four types (Innovation 1.0, Innovation 2.0, Innovation 3.0 and Innovation 4.0). Data were collected by a questionnaire distributed to a convenience sample of 315 managers from different organisational levels selected from 15 service companies. A total of 315 questionnaires were distributed to the sample members, 277 questionnaires were returned complete, with a coverage rate of 88%. The results showed that organisational goals as well as competitors are the most common drivers of innovation for service organisations. Other drivers such as customers and external knowledge sources had no significant effect on innovation adoption. The contribution of this study is that it calls organisations to clutter their priorities up and collaborate with external sources of knowledge such as universities and research centres.
  Keywords: innovation drivers; innovation adoption; service organisations.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2022.10053042
   
  
• Relevance of HR Analytics  
  by Anvay Bhargava 
  Abstract: We can understand the evolution of HR Analytics as an innovation in the area of human resource management. Many researchers have discussed the impact of HR analytics in all HR functions including talent acquisition, learning and development, performance, compensation, etc. Being the latest fad in the area, it is discussed everywhere but we need to understand the preparedness of the HR practitioners. Some of the practitioners look at HR analytics as statistician’s job and some look upon as an IT professional’s job and so look forward to support from these areas. Some understand analytics as metrics, which is a different concept. The transition from traditional methods to HR analytics would require some compelling reasons for its adoption in the organisations. The paper analyses the understanding and relevance of HR analytics to HR professionals. The utility of HR Analytics in learning and development and performance appraisal functions is intriguing and interesting.
  Keywords: HR analytics; understanding; innovation; readiness; HR professionals; relevance; organisational effectiveness; learning and development; utility.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2022.10053110
   
  
• Performance of Listed Instruments in Pre-Covid Scenario  
  by Satyakama Mishra, Manidutta Ray, Siddharth Misra 
  Abstract: The purpose of this research is to provide an easy method to determine the direction of movement of the listed instruments. The present study identifies the simplified methods to predict the movement of stock prices. Our research paper is an explanatory approach which uses concepts to determine the market volatility. For the calculation of value area, we have collected one day data of Nifty 50 starting from 9:15 am to 3:20 pm and hence completing 11 sessions. Similarly, for the purpose of calculating Stretch, the data collected is for ten days from Nifty 50. The study found that value area and stretch are the appropriate methods to find out the market direction which gives correct results 80% of the times provided the assumptions are held. Value area and Stretch calculation shall help the investors to maximise their profits and continue trading adding novelty to the study.
  Keywords: performance; listed instrument; stock prices; pre-covid; Nifty 50.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2022.10053112
   
  
• IMPACT OF DIGITAL WORKPLACE ON EMPLOYEES’ EFFICIENCY AND THEIR USAGE OF DIGITAL TOOLS IN IT INDUSTRY  
  by UDAYAKUMAR HM, Irshad Nazeer 
  Abstract: This paper aims to investigate the impact of the digital workplace on employees' efficiency and their usage of digital tools in the IT industry. A structured questionnaire was used to collect the data from 500 IT employees of the 15 IT software companies in Bengaluru city. The mean, percentage, Multiple Correlation, and Multiple Regression analysis have been adopted to analyze the collected data. The study revealed that respondents were good at using communication and collaboration tools. Employees have expressed comparatively lesser skill levels in using software technology and mobility tools. The study found a significant impact of the Digital Workplace on employees' efficiency and a strong and significant relationship between the employees' efficiency-related attributes with the overall digital skill level. The major attributes that impact well towards the "Overall level that the digital tools help to work effectively in the IT industry. Study help to implement digital workplace strategies for organizational growth.
  Keywords: Digital tools; Digital Workplace; Employee efficiency; digital competency; digital skills; business strategy etc.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2022.10053389
   
  
• Pre and During Covid-19 Pandemic Study of Bitcoin Price against Major Fiat Currencies of the World  
  by ANSHUL AGRAWAL, Mukta Mani, Sakshi Varshney 
  Abstract: The current study undertakes pre and during COVID-19 pandemic influence and examines causal connection to investigate major direct and indirect relationships between Bitcoin (BTC), and 12 most noted fiat currencies, namely
  Keywords: Bitcoin; COVID-19 pandemic; fiat currencies; augmented Dickey-Fuller unit root test; Johansen co-integration; VEC test; VAR exogeneity Wald test.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2022.10053483
   
  
• Factors affecting customer’s attitude towards Wind energy products  
  by Nalini M, Sundar Rajan, Nagalakshmi T.J., Saravanapraveen Kumar 
  Abstract: In India, public opinion is largely supportive of renewable energy implementation, with moderate to strong support. Even in countries that have made progress in wind power development, it appears to be a difficult task.
  Keywords: attitudes; wind power; renewable energy; energy efficiency.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2022.10053685
   
  
• Value Versus Growth Stocks: Sector Specific Approach in Indian Scenario  
  by Amit Hedau, Sasikanta Tripathy 
  Abstract: The investment in the stock market needs a strategy to generate the superior returns. Since, all the stocks cannot qualify to find a place in the portfolio, stock selection is the main task of the investor. The present paper attempt to validate the theory of value investing in the IT, FMCG and banking sector of the Indian capital market. Based on the eight years data, stocks are classified as value and growth stock in all the three sectors. Subsequently, the monthly returns are observed to analyse the performance of value and growth stock portfolio. The risk based adjusted returns are calculated for each sector using CAPM model and statistical significance is tested using Mann-Whitney U test. The results suggest that the value premium exists in the observed data, however the quantum of premium is decreasing in comparison to the earlier empirical evidences. The findings of the paper are an insightful information to the investors of capital market in India.
  Keywords: value stock; growth stock; value investing; value premium; Indian capital market.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2022.10053906
   
  
• Towards sustainability in SMEs during unforeseen crises: Governmental support as a moderating factor  
  by Zaid Jaradat, Mohannad Al Shbail, Abdallah Alzubi, Huthaifa Al-Hazaima, Awn Al Shbail 
  Abstract: This study proposed a model in determining the key factors affecting SMEs’ economic sustainability during the unforeseen severe global crises. Resource-based view theory (RBV) underpinned the study, and questionnaires were used to gather the study data. SME owners, top managers, financial managers and heads of accounting departments were the study samples. The results showed significant positive effect of access to finance, innovation activities, and intellectual property related activities on economic sustainability. The interaction effect between access to finance and government support on economic sustainability appeared to be significant and positive. However, government support did not moderate the link between innovation activities and intellectual property related activities, and economic sustainability. During unforeseen crises, SMEs could employ the study model to determine their survival strategies.
  Keywords: sustainability; unforeseen crises; access to finance; innovation activities; property-related activities; governmental support; resource-based view; RBV; SMEs.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2022.10054149
   
  
• The Effect of Earnings Management on Financial Performance in Industrial Companies Listed in Amman Stock Exchange  
  by Sanaa Maswadeh 
  Abstract: The present study was aimed at finding out the effect of earnings management on financial performance measured by return on assets and economic value added, in the light of the existence of the control variables (company size and debt ratio) in industrial companies listed in Amman Stock Exchange. In order to achieve the objectives of this study, the quantitative approach was adopted using the financial statements of industrial companies listed in Amman Stock Exchange during the period from 2010 to 2017. The multiple linear regression model was utilized to test the hypotheses of the study. The findings revealed that earnings management has a statistically significant negative effect on financial performance measured by return on assets (ROA) and economic value added (EVA).
  Keywords: Earnings Management; Financial Performance; Return on Assets; Economic Value Added; Jordanian Industrial Companies.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2022.10054154
   
  
• Sustainable Procurement Strategies and Improved Competitive Advantage: A Qualitative Study on MNCs  
  by Sheetal ., Ashok Upadhyay, Mohd. Imran Khan 
  Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to provide qualitative evidence concentrated on sustainable procurement strategies and their impact on the financial and non-financial performance of businesses. The study used an inductive case study method in which the in-depth interview was used as an approach and key aspects of the sustainable procurement phenomenon were mapped out from the perspective of supply chain managers of seven MNCs operating in India. This study analyses sustainable procurement strategies which show the potential to enhance business performance in terms of profitability and competitive advantage in comparison to traditional procurement strategies and complements them. On a few discussion points, both manufacturing and service companies had the same point of view but the points like triple bottom line (TBL), both domains shared varied observations like most of the interviewees described economic and environmental elements as the main agendas under TBL. The social aspect is largely overlooked in procurement strategies.
  Keywords: sustainable procurement; traditional procurement; strategies; triple bottom line; TBL; circular economy; green process innovation; GPI; competitiveness.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2023.10054218
   
  
• What Makes Bank Employees Happy: Work Properly and Consume Experientially  
  by Sevcan Ozturk-Kilic, Derya Gultekin 
  Abstract: Happiness is an emotional state in which positive emotions predominate in the lives of individuals. Individual happiness can vary depending on various factors. This study focuses on the determinants of the happiness levels of employees in the banking sector, characterised by a highly educated professional workforce. The paper examined the relationship between the happiness levels of bank employees and their experiential spending behaviours and working conditions. An online questionnaire was applied to bank employees in Istanbul that were accessed by snowball sampling method. The dataset of 139 cases was subjected to dimension reduction with confirmatory factor analysis, and the number of dimensions was reduced to three in the questionnaire consisting of 16 questions. The relations between the dimensions and variables were tested by a structural equation model. Findings indicate that bankers’ working conditions and experiential consumption positively affect their happiness levels.
  Keywords: happiness levels; working conditions; experiential spending behaviours; confirmatory factor analysis; CFA; structural equation modelling; bank employees; decent work.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2023.10054429
   
  
• 'CSR, Sustainability and Firm Performance Linkage' Current Status and Future Dimensions - A Bibliometric Review Analysis  
  by Sreepriya J, Suprabha K. R 
  Abstract: Corporate social responsibility (CSR) and sustainability are gaining worldwide recognition. The question of whether CSR and sustainability programs benefit an organisation’s financial success is still being debated. This study aims to verify this phenomenon by examining the current literature pattern on this relationship using bibliometric and systematic review analysis. It further provides a taxonomy for understanding this association. VOSviewer is used to obtain comprehensive dataset mapping and clustering in the field. The manuscript offers promising insights regarding academia by assessing the pattern of publication trends, the most influential author in the area, and analysing the methodological and theoretical underpinnings of CSR, sustainability and firm performance linkage. The outcome of this study provides exploratory insights into research gaps and avenues for future research.
  Keywords: corporate social responsibility; CSR; sustainability reporting; firm performance; bibliometric analysis.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2021.10054552
   
  
• MULTI CRITERIA DECISION MAKING IN THE FUZZY FRONT-END INNOVATION PROCESS  
  by Ahmet Çubukcu, Metehan Tolon 
  Abstract: Innovation contests organized under Innovation Management Software (IMS) tools are important platforms to implement open innovation. Innovation contests help innovation professionals and decision-makers manage the potential innovative ideas in the fuzzy front-end innovation process. While these contests provide a road map for idea management, the approaches used in the idea evaluation phase are insufficient. Decision-makers and innovation professionals need to be supported by robust techniques in the idea evaluation phase. Within this context, we propose Multi-Criteria Decision-Making (MCDM) methods to evaluate the potential innovative ideas in the fuzzy front-end innovation process. In this context, four MCDM methods are examined and it can be seen that two of these execute more reliable and effective results.
  Keywords: Decision-making; fuzzy frond-end innovation; idea evaluation; innovation contests; innovation management software; open innovation.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2021.10054583
   
  
• Effects of Leader Safety Commitment and Perceived Organizational Support on Psychological Well-being in China’s Higher Education: The mediating role of Work Engagement  
  by L.I. QIN, ROSMAH MOHAMED, Anuar Mahomed, HANNA KHAN, JOANNA JIMBUN 
  Abstract: The idea of continuously improving employees’ work engagement by job resources to achieve positive psychological well-being is particularly crucial. This study investigated the impact of mediating effect of leader safety commitment (LSC) and perceived organisational support (POS) on psychological well-being (PWB) among 236 teachers in Chinese public university and examined the mediating effect of work engagement (WE) as a conveyor band that defines LEC, POS and PWB. Structural equation modelling was used to test the hypotheses. The finding showed that POS has positive effect on WE, and WE have positive effect on PWB. On the other hand, WE partially mediated the relationship between POS and PWB, while LSC failed. This study is the first to clarify the importance of perceived organisational support to the mental health of university teachers in the post epidemic period.
  Keywords: work engagement; leader safety commitment; LSC; perceived organisational support; POS; psychological well-being; PWB; job demand-resource theory; China.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2023.10054607
   
  
• Ambidextrous innovation from a holistic perspective: leveraging into sustainable competitive advantage of SMEs  
  by Ariful Islam, Sazali Abd 
  Abstract: From a firm growth perspective, small and medium-sized businesses (SMEs) that incorporate more innovation-focused activities into their main business strategy may benefit from lower costs, reduced risks, and new business opportunities. However, irresponsible innovation may jeopardise the process of their long-term survival. Thus, the goal of this study is to get a deeper understanding of a holistic ambidextrous innovation model based on a big data strategy that bridges the gap between desired innovation outputs and government support. This conceptual study takes into account a variety of literature evaluations from the fields of strategic management and entrepreneurship, as well as a new issue of spirituality in business strategy. Almost 303 articles have been determined to be relevant to the topic. The study’s findings established a holistic ambidextrous innovation paradigm for achieving sustainable competitive advantage. In this regard, the direction may help enterprises differentiate themselves and compete more effectively.
  Keywords: big data; corporate spirituality; exploitative innovation; explorative innovation; Society 5.0; sustainable growth.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2023.10054610
   
  
• Innovation performance: The effects of closed and open innovations and information technology capacity  
  by Jose Arias-Pérez, Thanh Huynh, Juan Cepeda, Tho Duc Bui, Van Thu Bui, Dong Thi Do 
  Abstract: This study analyses the effects of closed and open innovations on the relationship between information technology capacity and innovation performance. The research model was built based upon previous studies in which the relationships among these concepts were proposed theoretically. The mediation model was empirically examined by using structural equation modelling with the consistent method of partial-least-squares on a data drawn from 233 responses collected from a multinational firm operating in several technology-follower countries. The results show that only closed innovation and the acquisition capability of open innovation play mediating roles within the relationship between information technology capacity and innovation performance. This study generates a need for rethinking about the role of open innovation because it values the benefit of the capture of non-technological information on local markets, in contrast to previous studies that only highlight the acquisition of technology.
  Keywords: open innovation; closed innovation; information technology capacity; innovation performance.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2022.10054650
   
  
• The innovation ambidexterity enabled through business process performance and information systems strategy: an empirical study by strategy-as-practice perspective  
  by Adilson C. Yoshikuni  
  Abstract: A central question for researchers and practitioners is if and how business process performance (BPP) has an impact on ambidextrous innovation (AMI) enabled through information systems strategy (ISS). To address this question, this study draws on the strategy-as-practice perspective by using the partial least squares path modelling (PLS-PM) to analyse 856 Brazilian companies. The findings of the study suggest that ISS influences BPP sequentially to enhance AMI. The survey showed that this is more prevalent within the financial sector compared to agribusiness, service and manufacturing industries. Additionally, the results demonstrated that BPP mediates the relationship between ISS and AMI. The study assists, other researchers, and practitioners, to look beyond the direct effects of information technology investments and shift their attention to how ISS by strategy-as-practice perspective can enable BPP to enhance AMI.
  Keywords: business process performance; BPP; information systems strategy; ISS; organisational innovativeness; exploitative innovation; EPI; explorative innovation.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2021.10054859
   
  
• Systemizing a holistic growth model of SMEs in the United Arab Emirates: the synthesis between Quadruple Helix and the Quadruple Bottom Line  
  by Ariful Islam, Kamna Anum, Sazali Abd, Ahmad Shaharudin Abdul Latiff 
  Abstract: The aim of this research is to get a better understanding of a holistic sustainable growth model based on the Quadruple Helix and the Quadruple Bottom Line perspectives, in which strategic innovation plays a role in bridging the gap between desired growth of the UAE SMEs and entrepreneurial attitude. This conceptual research considers a range of literature reviews from the disciplines of strategic management and entrepreneurship, as well as a recently emerging topic of sustainable growth in SMEs. The study showed how SMEs might strategically combine entrepreneurial attitude, strategic innovation, and corporate spirituality-guided sustainability principles to obtain a sustainable competitive edge. Alongside, the findings can also help owners or managers make better decisions when it comes to social, economic, environmental, and spiritual elements of their everyday operations. It may be also useful to promote innovation which is the key in creating active and informed citizens in the public sphere. The conception is a one-of-a-kind attempt, taking into account Arab regions, to broaden the present knowledge of SMEs’ strategic innovation-focused, long-term growth processes from a holistic perspective.
  Keywords: corporate spirituality; exploitative innovation; explorative innovation; small and medium-sized enterprises; SME; sustainable growth United Arab Emirates.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2023.10054919
   
  
• Strategic Responses of Small Businesses to COVID-19: Evidence from an Emergent Country.  
  by Ana Gonzalez L., Yeny E. Rodriguez Ramos, John Rosso Murillo, Cristina Vélez Valencia 
  Abstract: Using the resource-based view of the firm, this study examines the strategic responses of small businesses, during the COVID-19 pandemic, in Colombia, and how those responses affected their probability of continuity. Results show that retrenchment strategies that affect long-term investments, and relationships, have a negative effect on business continuity, while perseverance activities that affect internal and direct stakeholders contribute to survival. We found a connection between innovating activities and small business continuity, but only with those related to proactiveness, or changes in operations. Our findings contribute to explain the effectiveness of specific retrenchment, perseverance and strategic renewal strategies during an environmental jolt, and how, by leveraging distinctive configurations of resources and capabilities, small businesses can survive, regardless of resource scarcity, supporting a contingent resource-based view of the firm.
  Keywords: resource-based view theory; small businesses; strategic response.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2022.10055112
   
  
• A predictive model for environmentally responsible purchase intention of organic products: A study from Malaysia  
  by Joachim Clement Denis, Shathees Baskaran 
  Abstract: The organic products industry is facing several challenges in Malaysia although the demand for such products in this country is growing. Hence, this study aims to investigate the effect of green perceived quality, green perceived value, and green trust on green purchase intention for an organic product in Malaysia. To improve predictive value, green marketing was introduced to these relationships. A quantitative approach was employed involving a survey. 456 usable responses were obtained for data analysis. The results show significant relationships between green perceived quality, green perceived value, and green trust on green purchase intention. Moreover, green marketing was found to moderate these relationships as well. From the theoretical grounds, this research study adds to the current literature. The study also has provided important implications to marketers, manufacturers as well as policy-makers about effective ways of creating awareness among consumers.
  Keywords: green perceived quality; green perceived value; green trust; green marketing; green purchase intention; organic product.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2022.10055192
   
  
• Relationship between Customer Orientation, Entrepreneurial Orientation, and Firm Performance in Vietnam Franchising Industry  
  by Thi Thao Hien Bui, Manimekalai Jambulingam, Muslim Amin 
  Abstract: The franchising industry in Vietnam has received lots of attention from international franchise brands due to its high potential growth and encouragement from the Vietnam Government these recent years. Franchisee firms play important roles in the franchise system as they represent foreign franchise brands and connect directly to local customers. Hence, it is worth researching the determinants of franchisee performance, especially examining the roles of entrepreneurial orientation in the franchising industry based on franchisee perspectives. This study aims to investigate factors that affect franchisee performance through the mediating roles of customer orientation through the lens of the resource-based view theory. The findings show that the franchisee performance antecedents are customer orientation and entrepreneurial orientation, with two dimensions: risk-taking and innovativeness. Customer orientation fully mediates the relationship between innovativeness and franchisee performance. Theoretically, this research contributes to the franchising literature by adding the roles of entrepreneurial orientation and customer orientation based on franchisee perspectives.
  Keywords: entrepreneurial orientation; risk-taking; innovativeness; customer orientation; proactiveness; firm performance; franchising; Vietnam.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2023.10055329
   
  
• The Impact of Green Marketing on Green Brand Equity  
  by Mohammad Al Khasawneh, Shafig Al-haddad, Shereen AlJarrah, Layan Kanaan, Najah Asaad 
  Abstract: The concept of green marketing is widely emerging and has received recently significant attention in the literature. This area is underdeveloped and does not cover certain factors that relate to a sustainable business. Thus, this study aims to understand various variables in green marketing that impact green brand equity in the Jordanian market. Relevant literature is reviewed to establish a solid background of the green marketing approach. Subsequently, a theoretical model is developed containing the following independent variables: green brand image, green trust, green satisfaction, perceived brand quality, and one dependent variable which is green brand equity. Accordingly, a quantitative online survey with close-ended questions is distributed amongst customers of a major department store and the data is analysed using AMOS and SPSS software. As a result, the findings show that three of the independent variables have a positive correlation with green brand equity, with green trust having the highest value. On the other hand, perceived brand quality had no impact on green brand equity within the Jordanian market. The research concludes with practical and theoretical implications that can impact the green marketing approach, and recommendations are suggested for future marketing investigations and practices.
  Keywords: green marketing; green brand image; green trust; green satisfaction; perceived brand quality; green brand equity.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2023.10055333
   
  
• Financial Inclusion and Human Development: An Empirical Investigation in India  
  by Razdan Alam, Debolina Saha 
  Abstract: The study analyses India’s performance in achieving financial inclusion and examines the relationship between financial inclusion and human development in India, over the period 2001
  Keywords: financial inclusion; human development; banking services; regional disparity; poverty and inequality; sustainable development goals; India.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2023.10055559
   
  
• Purchase Intentions of Cause-related Products: Do Hedonic and Materialistic Values Synchronize with Collectivism and Individualism?  
  by Parthesh Shanbhag, Yogesh Pai, Gururaj Kidiyoor, Nandan Prabhu 
  Abstract: Past research on cause-related marketing has primarily neglected the inquiry into the influence of cultural values on the purchase intentions of products associated with cause-related marketing campaigns. Hence, this research investigated the moderating roles of horizontal collectivism, horizontal individualism, vertical collectivism, and vertical individualism in the hedonism-materialism and hedonism-purchase intentions relationships in the setting of products associated with cause-related marketing campaigns. Besides, this study examined whether collectivism and individualism are consistent with the materialistic values of the Indian youth. This study showed that horizontal and vertical collectivism negatively moderates the relationship between hedonism and materialism. Besides, horizontal collectivism negatively moderated the hedonism-purchase intentions relationship. However, horizontal individualism and vertical individualism positively moderated the hedonism-materialism relationship.
  Keywords: Hedonism; Materialism; Purchase Intentions; Collectivism; Individualism; Cause-related Marketing.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2023.10055986
   
  
• The influence of social media on the relationship between firm strategy and performance  
  by Atthaphon Mumi, Yutthana Srisakunkhunakorn, Lersak Phothong 
  Abstract: The topic of social media has been at the forefront of individuals' and firms' interests. Although scholars have investigated and revealed various benefits of social media, limited studies examined whether social media can be favourable to a firm’s existing strategies. This study, therefore, relies on data from 1,392 firms to support the advantages of using social media for firms' strategies. Specifically, the study found that market diversification strategy, R&D intensity, and capital intensity have a significant impact on the performance of a firm. In addition, social media can moderate the impact of R&D intensity on firm value-based performance. The results also indicate that social media can undermine certain strategies as it was discovered that social media can negatively moderate the relationships between R&D intensity, product diversification, and the return on assets (ROA). The findings of this study shed light on both advantages and disadvantages of social media usage for firms.
  Keywords: social media; firm strategy; performance; moderation; product diversification; market diversification; R&D intensity; capital intensity.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2023.10055991
   
  
• Small and Medium Enterprises and Halal Products: A Bibliometric Analysis  
  by Ahmad Rafiki, Fahmi Natigor Nasution, Miftahuddin Miftahuddin, Sari Nuzullina Ramadhani 
  Abstract: The aim of the study is to examine current works and literature on SME and halal products employing bibliometric analysis which expectedly will reveal the root of the concept of SME and its relationship with halal products. This study applies approaches based on a bibliometric examination of 49 publications collected from Scopus database between 2004 and September 2021. The investigation consists of the direction of research on SME and halal products in the future. All information could be extended in the field of SME and halal products research. Academics and practitioners might gain complete insights on the role and the impact of SMEs on halal products especially to be used as a reference for further studies.
  Keywords: small and medium enterprise; SME; halal products; bibliometric analysis; Scopus.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2022.10056093
   
  
• Deciphering the role of e-marketing communication and diffusion of innovation theory towards value co-creation and firm strategic performance during COVID-19 pandemic  
  by Khalid Aboalganam, Hussain Awad, Sahar Abu Bakir, Omar Hijazeen, Mohammad Almaaitah, Yanal Kilani 
  Abstract: The proliferation of technology has led organisations to use innovative technology to manage customers and services provider relationship. Although e-marketing is found cutting-edge innovative communication tool however, firms have remained unsuccessful to get maximum benefits using e-marketing. Therefore, current research has paid attention towards factors which create value co creation and boost firm strategic performance. The research framework integrates e-marketing elements and diffusion of innovation theory altogether and determine value co creation. Data were analysed with structural equation modelling approach (SEM). Findings revealed substantial variance R2 61% in value co creation. Similarly, the predictive power was tested with Geiser Stone analysis Q2 and indicated substantial power to predict value co creation 46.1% and firm strategic performance 15.4%. The findings of this study suggest that managers and policy makers should pay attention on organisational readiness, personal sale, internet marketing and innovativeness to construct value co creation resulting foster firm strategic performance.
  Keywords: e-marketing communication; innovation; compatibility; diffusion of innovation; value co-creation; organisational readiness; strategic firm performance; COVID-19.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2023.10056228
   
  
• Exploratory Study on the Integration of Enterprise Resource Planning and API Banking  
  by Baiju J. Nair, Baskar B, Rishabh Shekhar, Tomy K. Kallarakal 
  Abstract: Banks have enabled API integration with ERP solutions, allowing faster transactions and eliminating manual processes and errors. This enables corporations to keep track of their finances in real time and make more informed decisions. ERP helps enterprises plan resources, manage operations, and provide real-time data to improve customer service. Cloud computing has eliminated the need for data servers at the client's workplace, leading to software as a service (SAAS). With the integration of API banking and ERP, organizations reduce their IT costs, as they no longer need to maintain physical servers. Open banking enables open finance, empowering transactions with banking data. ERP systems have also allowed companies to reduce manual data entry processes and improve data accuracy. This paper examines the transformation in the ERP system concerning API Banking which led to open banking, and open finance, which used to work in isolation and did not interact with other systems.
  Keywords: enterprise resource planning; ERP; digital banking; API banking; open banking; open finance; software as a service; SAAS.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2023.10056405
   
  
• The relationship between digital transformation and customer satisfaction: A case study in Bancassurance.  
  by RODRIGO CURI, Alberto Luiz Albertin 
  Abstract: Customer satisfaction is one of the main drivers of companies that seek competitive advantages to increase market share and customer loyalty. It is necessary to increase the simplicity and convenience of the processes related to the products and services the company is offering, including the after-sales experience. Digital transformation offers competitive edges through innovation, operational efficiency and increased perception of value by its customers, partners and process stakeholders using new technologies, swift methods of systems development and the creation of new businesses. The sharp change in the habits and behaviour of customers and markets force corporations to redesign their business models. Digital transformation seeks to help understand the characteristics of its customers in order to offer customised solutions and add value to the experience. The objective of this article is to report the results of the validation of the relationship and intensity between customer satisfaction and digital transformation.
  Keywords: digital transformation; customer satisfaction; customer experience; new business models.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2023.10056630
   
  
• Determinants of continuance intention to use Automated Teller Machines in a Developing Country. Does the moderating effect of ATM use frequency matter?  
  by Muftawu Dzang Alhassan, Ernest Akpaku, Ibrahim Osman Adam, SALHABIL MUJEEB 
  Abstract: Despite the several benefits of ATM services, there is a lack of empirical evidence on the factors that propel users' continuance use of ATM services in a developing country. This current study aims to examine the factors that propel individuals' continuance use of ATM services in Ghana. To carry out our study, we rely on a conceptual model drawn from the DeLeon and McLean IS success model and survey data from 310 ATM users in Ghana. Using partial least squares structural equation modelling, findings from our study show that system, information and service quality significantly influence user satisfaction to continuously ATM services. Furthermore, findings indicate the significant moderating and mediating effect of ATM frequency use and user satisfaction respectively. Findings make key implications to research, practice and policy.
  Keywords: automated teller machines; ATMs; DeLone and McLean; continuance use; developing country; PLS-SEM.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2023.10056788
   
  
• Capital Structure Determinants of Indian Small and Medium Auto Component Enterprises- Justifying theories of Capital Structure.  
  by Sunit Prasad, Rohini Jha, Amar Nath Jha 
  Abstract: Academia across the globe has observed that small and medium enterprises face severe financial management issues threatening their survival. The problem Indian SMEs face is how to fund their projects. The present funding scenario heavily depends on their funds and short-term debt. This research examines the firm-specific factors affecting the capital structure of Indian small and medium enterprises (particularly the auto component industry) to understand their financial behaviour. The reason to choose a particular industry is stagnant growth and the rise of sick units yearly; more importantly-the financial behaviour of a specific SME industry has not been analysed so far. The sample comprises 155 non-financial operating firms, and the impact of firm-specific factors on the setups capital structure is gauged using the panel data regression over the period 20062017. Analysis reveals that entrepreneurs choose an inappropriate financing ratio based on operating needs.
  Keywords: theories of capital structure; SMEs-specific industry; firm-specific factors; panel data regression.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2023.10056846
   
  
• Discovering Dynamic Capabilities for Survival and Success During Prolonged Massive Crises: Insights from a Systematic Literature Review  
  by Amir Asadiara, Mohsen Farhadloo, Suchit Ahuja, Anne Beaudry 
  Abstract: Dynamic capabilities (DCs) are pivotal to a firm's success especially in a business landscape that is volatile, uncertain, complex, and ambiguous. The COVID-19 pandemic has displayed unique characteristics and has affected almost every aspect of business and society, creating challenges for their survival. Although three types of dynamic capabilities (sensing, seizing, and reconfiguring) have been studied in the strategy literature, it is still not clear what types of actions and strategies constitute each of the three dynamic capabilities. In this study, we utilise a systematic literature review to: 1) identify strategies and actions employed by businesses in different sectors to survive and succeed in the changing competitive landscape during the COVID-19 outbreak; 2) discover specific actions and strategies that capture each of the sensing, seizing, and reconfiguring capabilities, and compare identified strategies and actions during COVID-19 with those that were suggested in the business strategy and competitive literature before COVID-19. Our findings identified ten strategies and actions and by mapping them onto DC framework we contributed to DC literature. Our analysis reveals various changes in the focus of strategies and actions compared to before COVID-19 with respect to internal capabilities, market power, or the type of industry.
  Keywords: dynamic capabilities framework; competition strategies; COVID-19 crisis; systematic literature review; SLR; firm performance.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2023.10057028
   
  
• Impact of Convenience Orientation and Food values on influencing the purchase intention of RTE Foods  
  by Rajalakshmi Subramaniam, Margaret S, Sanjay Mohapatra 
  Abstract: The modern lifestyle has increased the demand towards the ready-to-eat (RTE) foods among consumers across the globe. This research attempts to identify the impact the variables convenience orientation and food values create in influencing the purchase intention of RTE foods among Indian consumers. Food values has been measured using 11 factors namely appearance, environmental impact, convenience, fairness, nutrition, naturalness, taste, price, safety, tradition, and origin respectively. A structural equation model has been developed and tested using AMOS. Analysis has been made on the primary data collected from 1115 respondents belonging to four major Indian cities. The results reveal that convenience orientation and food values positively impact the purchase intention of ready-to-eat food products among Indian consumers. Further it has been identified that two demographic factors namely age and gender moderate the relationship between the proposed independent and dependent variables.
  Keywords: RTE foods; Indian consumers; food values; purchase intention; convenience orientation.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2023.10057121
   
  
• Fuzzy-DEMATEL For Analysis to Relationship Among the Factor Implementing Information Technology Governance (ITG) on Organisational Performance  
  by DARSHAN KALASUA, Ganesh P. Sahu 
  Abstract: Digitalisation improves organisational performance, which presents several challenges for ITG adoption. This paper aims to examine factors of ITG implementation for organisational performance. The variables of ITG were examined in this research using a variety of literature studies and expert comments. Fuzzy-DEMATEL method carried out for segregating requisites for ITG into cause-and-effect groups. The results produced using this criterion model serve as a guide for ITG to increase the organisation’s performance: the most influential factors are financial performance, IT budget, and technological innovation. This paper may also help organisations implement ITG and seek to improve performance with the help of developing and identifying the strength and weaknesses of firms implementing ITG.
  Keywords: information technology governance; ITG; firms’ performance; IT risk management; fuzzy-DEMATEL.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2023.10057126
   
  
• This or That, Which Coworker Phubb More; Association Between Personality Traits and Phubbing Behavior through Mobile Phone Addiction  
  by Muhammad Nawaz Khan, Khurram Shahzad, Muhammad Qaiser Shafi 
  Abstract: In recent times, the phenomenon of phubbing (the act of ignoring others during personal interactions by using smartphones) has gained attention in social science research. Its adverse outcomes in social relations among partners, friends and colleagues are well documented but little is known about the antecedent of this pathological phubbing behaviour. This study examines the relationship between the Big Five personality traits and phubbing behaviour while using mobile phone addiction as a mediator. Multi-source data were collected from 177 respondents (coworkers) working in the healthcare sector of Pakistan. Data of personality traits and mobile phone addiction were self-reported whereas the data for phubbing behaviour were peer reported. Results show that personality traits, openness to experience, extroversion, and neuroticism are positive while conscientiousness is a negative predictor of phubbing behaviour and mobile phone addiction plays a mediating role in these relationships. However, agreeableness has been found not associated with mobile phone addiction nor with phubbing behaviour. Practical implications related to antisocial use mobile phones have been discussed.
  Keywords: personality traits; big five model; mobile phone addiction; phubbing behaviour.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2023.10057128
   
  
• Mapping the paths from store cues to in-store leisure experience and fashion store choice: Findings from the fsQCA and AHP approaches  
  by Wen-Hsiang Lai, Tin Trung Nguyen 
  Abstract: This study aims to investigate: 1) how store cues (i.e., product quality, availability, variety, price, store layout, decoration, staff politeness, music, aroma, and lighting) affect the dimensions of the in-store leisure experience (i.e., hedonic, escapism, social, communitas, flow, challenge, and learning); 2) how hedonic shoppers choose to visit a fashion store based on their preference of these dimensions. Fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) was adopted to determine the configurations of store cues associated with each dimension of the in-store leisure experience. Analytical hierarchy process (AHP) was employed to decompose the decision problem of store choice based on in-store leisure experiences. The findings highlight the complexity of store choice, in-store leisure experience, and their stimuli, which are beneficial for fashion retailers to encourage trials and impulse purchases among hedonic shoppers. By demonstrating the effectiveness of fsQCA and AHP in understanding consumer behaviour, this study provides a methodological foundation for future research.
  Keywords: leisure experience; store cues; store choice; hedonic shoppers; fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis; fsQCA; analytical hierarchy process; AHP.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2023.10057204
   
  
• An analysis of the brand content characteristics across high and low involvement product categories and their influence on information diffusion on Twitter  
  by Saikiran Niduthavolu, P. Sridevi, LakshmiNarasimhan Vedanthachari 
  Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to explore the brand communication content characteristics of tweets and analyze their information diffusion on the microblogging website Twitter .Using data of 30,648 tweets, message content such as message themes, message factors such as text readability factors, language factors, interactivity, media content factors, emotional factors, temporal features on information diffusion are analyzed across high and low involvement product involvement categories Additionally, the interaction between various message themes and message features was carried out .Findings reveal that the influence of message themes, text readability factors, language factors, interactivity, media content factors, emotional factors, and temporal factors that influenced information diffusion varied across high and low involvement product categories Also, there is a strong interaction effect observed across message themes, media content factors, and interactivity. This study offers a completely novel framework for effectively analyzing information diffusion for both high and low involvement product categories. Also, there is a strong joint effect observed across message themes, media content factors, and interactivity. This study offers a completely novel framework for effectively examining retweeting for both high and low involvement product categories on Twitter. The framework can be equally applied by practising digital managers as well as academicians to design message content across social media platforms.
  Keywords: Twitter; Information diffusion ; High product involvement; Low product involvement ; Social Media; Social media marketing; Brand communication.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2021.10057208
   
  
• Work Environment and Workaholism: Personality Traits as Mediating variable  
  by Waed Ensour, Nael Sarhan, Ayman Harb 
  Abstract: This study aimed to investigate the possible relationship between a work environment and workaholism mediated by personality traits. The ultimate purpose was to predict what could lead a person to become addicted to work. A total of 259 structured online questionnaires were used to collect the data. Partial least squares (PLS) were used to test the proposed model and hypotheses. The results indicate that the work environment affected employees' level of workaholism. Further, the results revealed that individuals’ personalities could be influenced by their work environment. Among five personality traits, conscientiousness and neuroticism were found to be related to workaholism. The results also show that personality traits partially mediated the relationship between work environment and workaholism. Overall, the results contradict those of other scholars who considered workaholism as a stable individual characteristic as it was found that workaholism may vary as a function of the working context.
  Keywords: workaholism; work environment; personality traits; partial least squares; PLS; hotel sector.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2023.10057283
   
  
• COVID 19 Phobia and Dietary Supplement Purchase Intention: the Mediating Role of TPB Antecedents & Health Consciousness  
  by Swati Goswami, Kuldeep Verma 
  Abstract: The present study extended the theory of planned behaviour (TPB) model by including constructs of COVID-19 phobia (C19P) and health consciousness (HC). In the extended model, a structural equation modelling analysis was employed to investigate the direct impact of COVID-19 phobia (coronaphobia) on consumers' buying intentions for dietary supplements (DS) as well as the mediating effect on this relationship, via attitude (AT), subjective norms (SN), perceived behavioural control (PBC), and health consciousness. The survey took place in New Delhi and NCR regions of India and received 250 responses via Google forms. The findings revealed a positive association between C19P and respondents' AT, PBC, SN, and HC for DS. Furthermore, C19P was found to have a negative and non-significant direct effect on DS purchase intention but has an indirect significant effect on intention through AT and HC. The findings have important implications for researchers, marketers, and healthcare professionals.
  Keywords: COVID-19 phobia; dietary supplements; purchase intention; extended theory of planned behaviour; TPB; protection motivation theory; health belief model; HBM; health consciousness; C19P-S.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2023.10057488
   
  
• Knowledge sharing culture and motivation for knowledge management practices: An empirical analysis on Indian real estate firms  
  by Arpana Kumari 
  Abstract: Knowledge management is recognised as a crucial component of organisations, particularly in the service sector, which depends on the utilisation of information for operational purposes. In order to better serve its stakeholders, the real estate sector, which plays a significant role in the economic expansion of the nation, may seek to disrupt knowledge management practices (KMPs). An analysis of the role played by organisational culture (OC) in advancing knowledge management practices in real estate organisations shows that OC, with its elements of the culture of knowledge dissemination and motivation, can facilitate effective knowledge execution. The present paper collected 136 responses from real estate employees in Delhi and the National Capital Region of India. Exploratory factor analysis and multiple regression were used to test the hypothesis. The study covered staff motivation through rewards and recognition, information and communication for KMP, culture of policy and process for knowledge exchange, report sharing, and top management support for KM. The study found that OC centred on knowledge dissemination culture and employee motivation significantly influenced KM in the real estate industry.
  Keywords: organisational culture; knowledge sharing; value; motivation; knowledge management practices; KMPs; real estate.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2023.10057586
   
  
• Identification of Outperforming stocks in BSE Sensex using Artificial Intelligence in the Post-Pandemic Era  
  by Tinni Chaudhuri, Banhi Guha, Pankaj Kumar, Pulak Konar 
  Abstract: When COVID-19 was in full swing in India throughout 2020, business activity came to a halt, impeding the functioning of most enterprises. In this paper some classification techniques such as logistic regression, decision tree classifier, random forest classifier along with XG Boost was used to measure the impact of COVID-19 on Indian stock market. Various financial indicators like Net Sales (NS), Earnings per share PS (EPS), Net profit margin (NPM), return of equity values (RoE), PE Ratio (PE), and Price to Book Value (PtBV) of BSE Sensex 30 Companies were considered for five years from 2017 to 2021 to predict their performance (Satisfactory or Unsatisfactory). Initially, the BSE Sensex 30 companies were segregated into two clusters based on their Price value, then these beforementioned models was built (using four years) for both the clusters with six financials pointers and the models so obtained was tested on 2021 for validation.
  Keywords: BSE Sensex; stock performance; logistic regression; decision tree; random forest; XG Boost; Indian Stock market; accuracy; prediction; validation.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2023.10057645
   
  
• Psychological health, leadership styles, psychological control, and workplace positivity affect employee performance in Jordanian companies  
  by Mohammad Alawamleh, Arwa Al-Twal, Suhib Alazzam 
  Abstract: This research investigates the relationships between employees’ psychological control, leadership styles, and workplace positivity, and the impact of psychological control on employee performance. This research administered a quantitative questionnaire to 56 employees in Jordanian companies. The results revealed that psychological health, positive leadership styles, and workplace positivity positively affect job performance, while psychological control has a negative impact. This research has reached a point that helps understand the relationship between variables and their effects on the performance of employees. This study recommends that managers should focus on the variables above to have an effective and incredible job performance. The findings of this research can guide practitioners in understanding the relationship between psychological control, leadership style, and workplace positivity, to manage the impact of psychological control on employees’ performance.
  Keywords: job performance; Jordan; leadership styles; psychological control; psychological health; workplace positivity.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2023.10057837
   
  
• Dimensions of digital transformation: a framework for strategy, analysis and evaluation  
  by Alberto Luiz Albertin, Rosa Maria De Moura Albertin 
  Abstract: Digital transformation means the application of digital technology to create something new, different and better. It can create value, but it faces challenges. The purpose of this paper is to propose the conceptual framework to dimensions of digital transformation, such as motivators, digital transformation initiatives, facilitating conditions and value generation, as a base for evaluating the occurrence and intensity of them. The framework applies to analysing and understanding learning institutions’ response to the challenges created by COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil. The procedure confirmed the framework’s consistency and applicability. The paper’s contribution is a conceptual basis for strategy, analysis and evaluation.
  Keywords: digital transformation; digital innovation; information technology; COVID-19 pandemic; learning institutions.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2023.10057838
   
  
• The Impact of Digital Technology on Labour Productivity in Malaysia  
  by Latifah Naina Mohamed, Yudi Fernando, Anisha Banu Dawood Gani 
  Abstract: Malaysia has reported a decline in labour productivity. Thus, this study examined the relationship between digital technology and labour productivity improvement in Malaysia's manufacturing firms. In order to boost labour productivity in the industrial sector, this study has proposed and empirically examined a theoretical model consisting of AI and CC as the predictor variable. A survey method was used to gather data from manufacturing firms that were registered with FMM. A total of 130 respondents' data was analysed using SPSS version 27 and SmartPLS 3.3.9 software to answer the research objectives stipulated. Results indicate a strong relationship between AI and labour productivity improvement. However, cloud computing's role in improving labour productivity is found to be rejected. These may be attributed to the challenges manufacturing firms face in adopting digital technology. Nevertheless, these challenges must first be addressed before labour productivity can be improved in the manufacturing industry. This study can be viewed as a preface to a more detailed study on the issue of labour productivity in Malaysia that will be carried out by future research.
  Keywords: cloud computing; artificial intelligent; labour productivity; digital technology.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2023.10058016
   
  
• Linking Emotional Intelligence with Entrepreneurial Behaviour and Startup Performance  
  by Subhendu Kumar Mishra, Sujit Kumar Patra 
  Abstract: During the last decade, there is an exponential rise in the number of startups in India. Although it can be attributed to multiple reasons yet, the role of the entrepreneur is forever considered crucial in the venture creation. Hence, it has been drawing the attention of scholars to explain the phenomenon of new venture creation from an entrepreneur's lens. Since last three decades, it is observed that there is a visible shift in the research direction to explain the phenomenon of entrepreneurship from a personality perspective to a cognitive perspective and more recently to explain in detail the role of emotions. This study aims to explore the role of emotions in the entrepreneurial process. It took a step further to explore the theory of emotional intelligence proposed by Daniel Goleman and its influence on entrepreneurial behaviour, and performance of the startup through a qualitative inquiry. The findings suggest a positive linkage establishes between the dimensions of EI with the entrepreneurial behaviours leading to better startup performance.
  Keywords: emotional intelligence; entrepreneurship; startup performance; qualitative method.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2023.10058020
   
  
• Transition from Linear Models to Circular Economies-A Sustainable Model of Consumption by Limiting Environmental Impact for Better Tomorrow  
  by Vijay Kumar Jain, Shrish Singh, Preeti Sharma, Vijay Prakash Anand 
  Abstract: The assumptions of the linear economy are becoming more widely acknowledged as erroneous and unsustainable as a result of the expanding global population. Due to escalating environmental problems like air, water, and soil pollution as well as a decline in biodiversity, the industrial economic model that has been in place since the first industrial revolution is in danger. To extend the useful life of resources in the economy, a new consumption model is therefore necessary, one in which trash can be used as a raw material for other businesses. The current study tries to investigate the circular economy's (CE) structure and relationships between its various components by using the decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory (DEMATEL) technique. The results demonstrate that the business model is the most important factor and has the greatest influence on the CE, followed by start-ups and costs.
  Keywords: circular economy; CE; regeneration; decoupling; sustainable business model; industrial symbiosis; DEMATEL; sustainability.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2023.10058023
   
  
• Collaboration between corporations and start-ups: a study based on the network capabilities approach  
  by Vinicius Pizzolato, Jorge Verschoore, Jefferson Marlon Monticelli 
  Abstract: In this paper, we analyse the Emerging Technologies League, a Brazilian acceleration programme with four corporations and nine start-ups. Data triangulated through document analysis, direct observation, and 12 interviews with the CEOs of the start-ups and with employees from the accelerator and the corporations showed that organisations need antecedents such as definition of challenges and provision of resources. The results of collaborative innovation are the development of an open innovation culture in the organisation and learning for future collaborative innovation programmes. A framework for collaboration between corporations and start-ups based on network capabilities is proposed.
  Keywords: networks; network capabilities; corporate accelerators; start-up; corporation; open innovation; collaboration; framework; case study.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2023.10058025
   
  
• Cashless is better! Exploring the mediating and moderating effects of e-wallet continuance usage intention  
  by Aznida Wati Abdul Ghani, Abdul Hafaz Ngah, Azizul Yadi Yaakop 
  Abstract: As electronic wallets (e-wallets) become more popular around the world, an increasing number of researchers are exploring the reasons why customers continue to use them. This study uncovered the factors influencing customers’ decision to continue use e-wallets. Using SOR theory, the study examined the role of attachment, attitude, and satisfaction on the relationship between self-congruity, perceived security, and continued usage intention. A total of 474 data were collected using structured questionnaires and then were analysed using Smart-PLS version 4.0.8.1. The results indicated that attachment, satisfaction, and attitude played a mediating role in the relationship between self-congruity and continued usage intention and that satisfaction and attitude mediated the relationship between perceived security and continued usage intention. However, a high bandwagon effect may weaken the relationship between satisfaction and continued usage intention. The current study provides valuable insights for e-wallet providers to retain existing customers and attract new ones as the world moves towards a cashless society.
  Keywords: mobile wallet; electronic wallet; SOR theory; continuance intention; post-purchase behaviour; cashless payment.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2023.10058098
   
  
• What are the factors influencing green purchase behaviour in the 21st century? A systematic literature review of two decades  
  by Anwar Rasheed, Md Wasim Raza, Furquan Uddin 
  Abstract: The goal of this study is to investigate green purchasing behaviour. Based on a thorough assessment of the literature, this study proposes several additional research directions to advance existing literature. For this qualitative study, 33 research papers were analysed using the 2021 preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis protocols (PRISMA) statement. The studies reveal that common factors which influence consumers' willingness to make green purchases, includes personal norms (PN), attitudes (ATT), subjective norms (SN), behavioural intentions (BI), green purchase intentions (GPI), willingness to pay (WTP), perceived consumer effectiveness (PCE), purchase intentions (PI), environmental knowledge (EK), and environmental concern (EC). This search was restricted to a limited database and timeframe, which may be avenues for further research. Future research should consider additional demographic aspects such as age, education, and income level as moderators to better understand customers' purchasing habits.
  Keywords: environmentalism; green purchase behaviour; GPB; perceived behaviour control; willingness to pay; WTP; purchase intention; systematic literature review; SLR.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2023.10058100
   
  
• A Literature Review and Classification of FinTech Research  
  by Nitin Garg, Ganesh P. Sahu 
  Abstract: Financial technology (FinTech) has become an important field of study to give the financial services to unbanked people with the blend of trending technology, reduce cost, and to exercise the financial inclusion. In this study, we evaluate the literature and provide a classification system for FinTech research. The sole aim of this study is to provide a fundamental knowledge of FinTech and to explore the significant earlier research that has been done in this field. A classification strategy has been used to carry out the investigation. The former consists of 225 journal articles published between 2015 to June 2022 in numerous journals which are suitable channels for FinTech research. The results demonstrate that a growing amount of FinTech research has been carried out in a variety of fields. The articles are categorised and results are shown, according to a system with four major categories: genesis, growth of FinTech services and financial inclusion, critical success factors in adoption of FinTech services, trending information technology used in FinTech services and various services offered with the use of technology, and others.
  Keywords: financial technology; FinTech; digital finance; digital banks; digital currency; online payment; electronic money; mobile finance and mobile banking.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2023.10058102
   
  
• Investigating the role of innovativeness, technology acceptance model and theory of planned behavior towards adoption of QR mobile payment system  
  by SAMAR RAHI, Maham Zaheer, Mahmoud Alghizzawi, Abdul Hafaz Ngah 
  Abstract: This research aims to investigate user behaviour to adopt QR mobile payment system. The research framework comprises factors such as usefulness, ease of use, subjective norm, convenience, transaction speed and innovativeness and assess user attitude to adopt QR mobile payment system. Results of the structural equation modelling approach revealed significant impact of usefulness, ease of use, subjective norm, convenience, transaction speed and innovativeness on user attitude and adoption of QR mobile payment system. This study has suggested that policy makers must emphasises on technology usefulness, ease of use, subjective norm, convenience, transaction speed and innovativeness to promote QR mobile payment among technology users. To extend the knowledge in QR mobile payment system the moderating effect of optimism is evaluated between user attitude and user intention to adopt QR mobile payment system. Nevertheless, moderating impact of optimism was found insignificant between use attitude and intention to adopt QR mobile payment.
  Keywords: technology acceptance model; TAM; innovation; qr code payment; transaction speed; optimism; adoption of QR code.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2023.10058240
   
  
• Effects of in-store fragrance as a cognitive innovation on loyalty building behavior  
  by Shuvam Chatterjee, Pawel Bryla 
  Abstract: The essence of marketing today for retail consumers is to produce a favourable sensory brand experience to gain competitive visibility. Studies have explored the effect of fragrance; however, little has been talked about its impact on consumer brand loyalty under a retail setup. The study considers responses from 250 consumers understanding the nature of brand loyalty consumers form under the influence of fragrance. Confirmatory factor analysis was performed which was further verified with cluster analysis to understand the categorisation of brand loyalty. The findings reveal that fragrance has an impact on brand loyalty inside a retail store setup on all three categories of attitudinal, behavioural, and cognitive loyalty attributes and loyalty consists of the three categories as confirmed by the CFA and cluster analysis. The study will assist marketers in understanding the impact of olfactory marketing in increasing short-term and long-term retail sales and determines future research directions.
  Keywords: olfactory cues; store loyalty; retail consumption; consumer behaviour; confirmatory factor analysis.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2023.10058386
   
  
• Business Incubators and Start-ups in India: An Assessment of Incubation Services Availed  
  by Vaishali S. Dhingra, Dhaval Maheta, Hemlata Agarwal 
  Abstract: Business incubators (BI) provide a variety of services to innovative companies, such as infrastructure, business-related support, and network access. However, adequate performance measures (PMs) and performance measurement systems (PMSs) for business incubators (BI) have been the subject of dispute for a long. There is a need to examine the performance of incubation centres in India. The study aims to measure the effect of endogenous variables, viz., physical infrastructure, accessibility of shared services, mentoring and networking, and funding projects on an exogenous construct called the performance of incubation centres (irrespective of their sponsoring body). The relationship is established using the partial least square-structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) tool. The study identifies key factors that lead to the better performance of incubation centres.
  Keywords: business incubator; performance measurement system; PMS; partial least square structural equation modelling; smart PLS; incubation services; start-ups; India.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2023.10058407
   
  
• Examining the Impact of Corporate Social Responsibility on Achieving Sustainable Development Goals  
  by Parameshwara Acharya, Ashoka M. L, ABHISHEK N 
  Abstract: The business entities today are built based on three pillars called the triple bottom line (TBL) namely, people, profit, and the planet. Aligning the CSR activities of any company to the UNOs 17 Sustainable Development Goals (UNSDGs) is a prominent requirement in todays business environment. This study could assist business organisations and regulatory authorities in the process of aligning CSR activities in confirmation with sustainable development goals. Further, it also elaborates the importance of a mandatory CSR legislative framework in making companies more committed to achieving SDGs through their CSR practices. This research paper has been prepared based on the disclosure information of 30 top companies in the Indian subcontinent. The UNSDG-based CSRP index has been constructed to study the impact of the variables using an SEM construct. Further, assessing the company-specific characters and their influence on UNSDG-based CSRP, a simple linear regression model has been developed and tested. The results indicate that even in a developing nation like India many of the companies contribute more than the statutory requirements voluntarily to CSR activities which are indirectly linked to attaining the SDGs. Further, the study also revealed that company-specific characteristics significantly influence on UNSDG-based-CSRP of companies.
  Keywords: CSR; SDGs; community development; health; well-being; environment; economy; sustainable development; triple bottom line; TBL.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2023.10058491
   
  
• Examining the effects of Institutional Trust on Financial Behavior among Indian Stock Market Investors: A Moderated Mediation Approach  
  by Zahin Ansari, Shakeb Akhtar, Atif Ghayas, Mohd Adil 
  Abstract: The study examines the mediating effect of financial attitude on financial behaviour conditioned upon institutional trust. Moreover, the conditional mediating effect has also been examined across the socio-demographic characteristics behaviour of the respondents. We employed a survey-based research work that follows non-probability sampling technique with a total of 378 respondents. For the analysis, OLS regression using SPSS PROCESS macro module has been performed to test the hypotheses. The result shows that the impact of financial literacy, financial attitude and institutional trust is positive and statistically significant. Financial attitude positively and significantly mediates the impact of financial literacy on financial behaviour. The effect of financial attitude on financial behaviour is negatively and significantly moderated by the institutional trust. The conditional effect of age on institutional trust is positive and significant for younger employees. Similarly, effect of male employees moderated with institutional trust and financial attitude on financial behaviour is significant. The present study contributes to the existing literature by emphasising on the significance of institutional trust in financial behaviour theories. The role of socio-demographic variables and institutional trust in financial behaviour is also novel to the existing theories.
  Keywords: financial literacy; financial behaviour; institutional trust; moderation mediation.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2023.10058518
   
  
• Behavioural economics on investment decision towards property market in the Iskandar zone, Malaysia: A conceptual framework  
  by Sook Yen Lee, Shyue Chuan Chong, Mui Yin Chin, Lee-Peng Foo 
  Abstract: This conceptual study aims to explore the relationship between behavioural bias (risk-seeking, loss aversion, overconfidence, and herding effect) and property investment decisions in the Iskandar zone. Furthermore, this study aims to determine the influence of external factors on property investment decisions, the mediating effect of the theory of planned behaviour (TPB), and the moderating impact of gender. The administrated structured survey is based on a five-point Likert scale. Enumerators distribute the survey through the quota sampling method to 300 eligible respondents, including Malaysians, Singaporeans, and Singapore permanent residents interested in Iskandar zone property investment. Meanwhile, smart partial least squares (PLS) is used to create a path model, analyse data and prepare research findings through descriptive analysis, conduct validity and reliability tests, collinearity analysis, correlation analysis, and T-test. The outcomes address the knowledge gap as the findings reveal the crucial role of behavioural economics in the Malaysian residential property market, specifically in the Iskandar area, which has been underexplored by many researchers.
  Keywords: behavioural bias; Malaysian residential property market; Iskandar zone; irrational investment decision; Malaysia.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2023.10058539
   
  
• Differential Advantages in Munificent and Dynamic Environments: The Moderating Role of Organizational Resources  
  by Sneha Singh, Sanjeev Kumar Sharma 
  Abstract: The environment is a predominant driver of performance. However, merely operating in a resource-abundant munificent environment does not guarantee success. Similarly, a dynamic environment does not always lead to diminishing competitive advantage. The firm’s potential to interact with its environment using the right resources helps shape its competitive advantage. Therefore, moderating effect of organisational resources like R&D intensity and marketing intensity on the relationship between environmental context and differential advantage of the firms over their competitors has been assessed. The results of the hierarchical regression analysis highlight that the interaction effect of R&D intensity and marketing intensity conjoint has a negative impact, irrespective of the prevalent environmental conditions, thus, suggesting that the middle-of-the-road strategy can be counter-productive. It, therefore, is recommended that the firms in the Indian IT industry emphasise their core competence and advance with either R&D intensity or marketing intensity to attain a differential advantage over their competitors.
  Keywords: differential advantage; environmental dynamism; environmental munificence; hierarchical regression; IT industry; marketing intensity; moderating effect; organisational resources; R&D intensity.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2023.10058540
   
  
• Do analytical skills matter Empirical review on effective research outcome  
  by Niyaz Panakaje, Habeeb Ur Rahiman, S. M. Riha Parvin, Harinakshi Suvarna, Abhinandan Kulal 
  Abstract: Higher education makes a significant contribution towards the development of a nation as well as societal well-being by offering knowledge and skills to those who pursue it. The most determining factor in a society’s development and progress is thought to be its creative manpower. The present study is being conducted in India and the Middle East to determine the impact of research project adoption at the university level on students’ analytical skills. Even if the educational facilities in both nations differ, the study’s findings show that gender and region moderate the impact of research components on analytical skills in both countries. Another important discovery is that analytical skill has a direct impact on study outcomes when conducted through research. As a result, higher analytical skills are assumed to lead to better study outcomes. To strengthen students’ analytical skills, all universities should make research mandatory at the graduation level.
  Keywords: higher education; research; analytical skill; creative thinking; research outcome.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2023.10058541
   
  
• Business Model Innovation, Environmental Dynamism and SMEs' Performance  
  by Natnael Salfore, Mathiwos Ensermu, Zerihun Kinde 
  Abstract: The concept of business model innovation (BMI) is currently more relevant than ever because of its important relationship with a firm’s competitive advantage and performance in a dynamic environment. However, there is still a need for large-scale empirical study in this area. Therefore, the current study aimed to investigate the relationship between BMI and SMEs’ performance and how environmental dynamism affects this relationship. Using a structured questionnaire, we collected data from 264 manufacturing SMEs operating in Ethiopia. We tested hypotheses using PLS-SEM with SmartPLS. The results revealed that innovation in all three business model dimensions is positively and significantly related to SMEs’ performance. However, the results indicated that environmental dynamism does not moderate the relationship between BMI and SMEs’ performance. A possible explanation for this is that environmental dynamism may have a nonlinear moderating effect on the relationship between BMI and firm performance.
  Keywords: business model; business model innovation; BMI; manufacturing SMEs; value creation innovation; value proposition innovation; value capture innovation; environmental dynamism; SMEs’ performance.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2023.10058640
   
  
• Determinants of Continuance Intention to Use and Electronic Satisfaction with Video and Audio Streaming Services in an emerging country  
  by Erico Cardozo 
  Abstract: The objective of this research is to identify the determinants of continuance intention to use (CIU) and electronic satisfaction (e-SAT) of Brazilian users of video and audio streaming services (VASSs). In addition to evaluating the impact of e-SAT on the CIU and its impact on electronic word-of-mouth (e-WOM). Supported by the review literature review on behavioural intention, we identified the UTAUT2 model and the personalisation and perceived privacy factors, which were added to the model. Data from 705 respondents were analysed using structural equation modelling (SEM). The model explains 67.4% of the CIU variation, 72.1% of the e-SAT variation, and 49.3% of the e-WOM variation with the VASSs. The findings of the research indicate that performance expectation, enabling conditions, effort expectation, and personalisation are the main factors that influence significantly, explaining the CIU and e-SAT with VASSs.
  Keywords: continuance intention to use; CIU; electronic satisfaction; e-SAT; electronic word-of-mouth; e-WOM; streaming services.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2023.10058642
   
  
• How High-Tech, R&D Funding and Innovative Platforms Affect Regional Innovation Capacity  
  by Fanbo Li, Hongfeng Zhang 
  Abstract: Promoting the development of regional innovation capacity is a major strategy for enhancing the comprehensive national power of a country. To clarify the complex mechanism of regional innovation capacity, this paper used data from 21 cities in Guangdong Province, China, as a sample and employed fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis (FsQCA) to select four conditional variables: high-tech output value, R&D expenditure, R&D investment, and innovative platforms. The aim was to explore the influence paths of different combinations of innovation resource conditions on regional innovation capacity. The study found two types of grouping enhancement paths, namely high-tech-led and innovation platform-supported, which can promote the development of regional innovation capacity by constructing high-tech and innovative platforms, respectively.
  Keywords: regional innovation capacity; qualitative comparative analysis of fuzzy sets; FsQCA; configuration effects; high and new technology; innovative platforms.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2023.10058818
   
  
• Exploring the Relationship between Social Media Addiction and Time Spent on Social Media in the Post-COVID-19 Era  
  by G. YOGANANDAN, M. Dineshkumar, M. Vasan 
  Abstract: This study aimed to evaluate the impact of social media addiction (SMA) in the post-COVID-19 era, along with the influence of social media usage time on addiction. 390 college students from Tamil Nadu's Salem district participated in the research, and the data was collected via the Bergen Social Media Addiction Scale (BSMAS). SPSS-AMOS was used for data analysis, and the outcomes indicated that salience, mood modification, tolerance, withdrawal, conflict, and relapse all had a positive effect on social media addiction, with social media usage time playing a crucial role. The results suggest various steps that could be taken, such as parental control, spending quality time with children, and policy and regulatory measures, to manage and regulate young people's social media activities. This study's practical implications are significant and strong, indicating the importance of addressing social media addiction among young people.
  Keywords: Bergen Social Media Addiction Scale; BSMAS; college students; COVID-19 pandemic; mental health; post-pandemic; social media addiction; SMA.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2023.10058904
   
  
• The impact of S  
  by José Manuel Vicente, Eliana Mendes, Felipa Lopes Dos Reis 
  Abstract: In this article, we aimed to investigate the existing correlation between the modernisation and expansion of the International Airport of S
  Keywords: modernisation and expansion; airport; socio-economic development; panel data; PLS-R; ANOVA; São Tomé and Príncipe.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2023.10058907
   
  
• The Outcomes of Corporate Social Responsibility on Customer Satisfaction and Repurchase Intention in the Petroleum Industry in Malaysia  
  by Yang Ning, Hishamuddin Bin Ismail, Senthil Velmurugan Manivannan, Kim Piew Lai 
  Abstract: This research aims to study the outcomes of CSR in the petroleum industry in Malaysia that, as a result of customer satisfaction, influences consumers repurchase intention. It is also pertinent to explore how firms organise, put together and communicate to its stakeholders the activities, tools and outcomes of their CSR projects as this has direct link to individuals and the area surrounding its operations. This study will also examine customers' expectations and their experiences, namely if they are satisfied with the CSR programme and their reaction to it. This paper looks at the established hypotheses between the outcomes of CSR (perceived value, service quality, and corporate image), customer satisfaction, age, work experience and repurchase intention. This paper aims to learn about consumer’s sense of fulfilment with the CSR outcomes, and what could be the reaction base on the customer's expectation.
  Keywords: perceived value; service quality; corporate image; customer satisfaction; repurchase intention; petroleum industry.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2023.10058981
   
  
• The effects of flexible work models and internal CSR on wellbeing, productivity, and performance  
  by Andrée Marie López-Fernández, Santiago García-Álvarez 
  Abstract: After the COVID-19 lockdown, many organisational leaders were adamant about their workers returning to in-office work. As the lockdown proved that productivity, at the very least, does not decrease with remote work, a considerable number of workers were unwilling to compromise their newly found work-life balance which led to a more flexible culture, and the development of different work models. The question is, how have changes in work models after the COVID-19 lockdown impacted individual and team performance? This empirical study develops two different models to assess perceptions of collaborators and leaders regarding a socially responsible flexible culture; findings show that participants perceive flexible work models as a cause for an increase in productivity and performance.
  Keywords: corporate social responsibility; CSR; internal corporate social responsibility; work models; flexibility culture; flexible work models; collaborators; satisfaction; work team; wellbeing.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2023.10059090
   
  
• Knowledge mapping on open innovation and absorptive capacity: An extended bibliometric synthesis of two decades of research  
  by Fangfang Zan, Choy Leong Yee, Datin Noor Azlin Ismail, Mingyue Chu, Abu Naser Mohammad Saif, K. M. Anwarul Islam 
  Abstract: Open innovation and absorptive capacity have spurred noteworthy responsiveness and development in the research domain of technology innovation. The notion of open innovation has gained rapid traction as a vital component of the innovation process. And the adoption of open innovation has brought about a novel interpretation and distinctive traits to the concept of absorptive capacity. Hence, the extended bibliometric exploration espoused literature mining of the last two decades of research from 2003 to 2022. Multiple software tools, such as VOSviewer, CiteSpace, and Biblioshiny of Bibliometrix R-package, have been utilised to filter and source literature data from the Web of Science database. These tools have facilitated identifying research hotspots and commonly cited literature rankings, creating a knowledge map for open innovation researchers. The latest trends in open innovation research have been tracked by analysing the number of literature citations, research distributions, hotspots, and citations. Furthermore, we examined the top journals, authors, organisations, and keywords of respective papers to demonstrate the body of literature on open innovation and absorptive capacity. The findings also depict and suggest that enterprises pay augmented attention to absorptive capacity under the open innovation mode to enhance performance.
  Keywords: open innovation; absorptive capacity; knowledge mapping; bibliometric; visualisation analysis.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2023.10059100
   
  
• Does COVID-19 perceived risk matter for product quality, branding and satisfaction of Gen Y consumers for cosmetic products?  
  by Hemaloshinee Vasudevan, Walton Wider 
  Abstract: Perceived risk has always been an essential element in business industry, particularly in today's worldwide COVID-19 situation. Due to the pandemic, the COVID-19 perceived risk has affected the global beauty industry negatively and thus now being directed at the Gen Y consumers. This study examines the effect of branding and product quality on Gen Y consumers' satisfaction under the moderating effect of COVID-19 perceived risk. Around 22.8 million of Generation Y people aged between 25 40 years were completed 245 questionnaires in Malaysia. Four hypotheses were formulated, and analysis was performed using the SmartPLS. Results demonstrated a significant relationship between branding and product quality, and satisfaction. However, the findings do not support the moderating effect of the COVID-19 perceived risk. By incorporating the perceived risk theory and focusing on Gen Y customers satisfaction, this study significantly adds to the body of research.
  Keywords: COVID-19 perceived risk; product quality; branding; Gen Y satisfaction; cosmetic products; cosmetics industry.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2023.10059138
   
  
• Governance in Clusters: a Systematic Literature Review  
  by Paulo Cassanego Jr, Carolina Freddo Fleck, Márcia Abbondanza, Paola Rosano Rodrigues 
  Abstract: The study’s objective is to analyse the state-of-the-art research on governance in clusters. Studies in business, management, and accounting of the Scopus and Web of Science databases were mapped and analysed. The analyses arranged in this work were conducted through the three bibliometrics laws: Lotkas, Bradfords and Zipfs. The descriptive character analysis of the textual Corpus of the research revealed a total of 91 articles. Iramuteq and VOSviewer software were used. Concerning this research, it was verified that 14 authors formed the elite of the textual Corpus. Regarding the reputation of journals, the first zone includes nine journals that would be the most productive. It was possible to verify that most periodicals were distributed in four countries: the UK, the USA, the Netherlands, and Canada. Regarding the term cluster governance, it was found to be linked to the term industrial cluster.
  Keywords: cluster; governance; RSL.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2022.10059155
   
  
• The Effect of R&D Expenses on Financial Performance. High vs Low R&D Intensity Industries  
  by Emanuele Teti, Maurizio Dallocchio, Aleksandra Pogodaeva, Giovanna Mariani 
  Abstract: This paper examines the effect of R&D expenditure on the financial performance of companies, by comparing a low R&D intensity industry (consumer goods) to a high R&D intensity industry (pharmaceutical). We find that in both industries innovation activities and R&D expenses bring about better financial performance. Specifically, increasing R&D intensity boosts revenues. However, this occurs, but with a time lag. Low R&D intensive companies gain benefits from R&D investments more rapidly than high R&D intensive companies. In the two industries, time lag varies due to the specificities and peculiarities of R&D procedures, product production, distribution, and other processes. Finally, the paper shows that the effect of R&D expenses varies across the companies in the industries analysed. R&D expenses in pharmaceutical companies induce higher revenue growth, compared to consumer goods firms.
  Keywords: innovation; R&D; corporate finance; financial performance.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2023.10059189
   
  
• A Systematic Literature Review of two Decades on studying Green Purchase Intentions  
  by Abhilasha Upadhyaya, Charu Sijoria 
  Abstract: Behind the sky-scraping success of consumerism, there lies an incremental loss in natural resources and people across the globe have acknowledged this fact. This study is an effort to explore the literature to consolidate consumers' viewpoints toward green products and identify factors that lead consumers to purchase these green products and report if there is any inconsistency or gap between intentions and actual purchases. In this review study, a total of 241 (years 2000-2023) research papers were reviewed, these papers were sourced from the Scopus Database and all of them have considered the theory of planned behaviour to study the factors of green purchase behaviour and green purchase intentions, from these literature review factors were identified and grouped. Word clouds were generated to provide a better understanding of the groups of factors. The study is important, as it provides a foundation for research related to green consumption. The study will help managers and practitioners formulate and instrument strategies to encourage green purchasing and will also provide a framework for future researchers. The limitation of the study is using only the Scopus database hence, the results and interpretations might differ if other databases are also considered.
  Keywords: green purchase intentions; green purchase behaviour; purchase intention-behaviour inconsistency; environment concern; word cloud; TPB.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2023.10059231
   
  
• Asymmetric Impact of the Russia-Ukraine War on the Indian Stock Market  
  by Vineeta Kumari, Venkatesh Maddeni, Amit Kumar, Ankit Kumar Singh Patel 
  Abstract: This study analyses the impact of the Russia-Ukraine war on the Indian stock market using a two-fold approach. Firstly, it examines the aggregate impact of the war event on the constituents of the BSE 500 index, and secondly, it investigates the industry-wide impact of the war event. The analysis utilises event study methodology to assess the abnormal returns and cumulative abnormal returns during the event window. The findings reveal that the stock market initially responded positively to the war on the preceding day and the immediate aftermath but exhibited an adverse reaction in the days leading up to the event. However, the cumulative impact of the event was significantly negative throughout the event window, indicating sustained downward pressure and a general decline in stock prices. The sector-wise analysis reveals variations in the impact across different industries, with some sectors experiencing significant positive or negative effects while others remained relatively unaffected.
  Keywords: event study; Russia-Ukraine war; market model; geopolitical risk; crises.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2023.10059335
   
  
• Comparative Analysis of Determinants of Bank Profitability: A Case Study of Malaysia and Australia  
  by Mariam Aslam, Duvia Babu, Kishore Pallavi 
  Abstract: This study conducts a comparative analysis of bank profitability determinants between Malaysia, an upper-middle-income economy with a predominantly Islamic-faith-based banking system, and Australia, a high-income economy with conventional banking. Utilising panel data analysis over a 22-year period from 2000 to 2021, the research examines the trends and factors influencing bank profitability in both countries. Descriptive statistics are also employed to assess the impact of the great financial crisis. The empirical findings reveal similar trends in bank profitability for both Malaysia and Australia, with a notable net increase in return on assets after initial volatility. The results indicate that financial freedom scores did not significantly affect bank profitability in either country, while corruption scores were negative and significant for Australia, and only monetary freedom scores affected Malaysia negatively. Bank-specific variables such as total revenue, bank size, operating expenses, lending ratio, and non-performing loans ratio were significant for Australia, whereas only operating expenses were significant for Malaysia.
  Keywords: bank profitability; comparative analysis; Malaysia; Australia; panel data analysis; Islamic banking; conventional banking; financial freedom; corruption index; monetary freedom.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2023.10059336
   
  
• Role of Patents in Transfer of New Technology: A Critique  
  by Abdulrahman Subih, Hamood Mohd Al-Hattami, Sadhana P. Pande 
  Abstract: In the present research endeavour, an attempt has been made to investigate the role of patents, both in protecting the interests of inventors and in facilitating technology transfer seamlessly across geographical boundaries for commercialisation. Patents protect new inventions, processes, or scientific creations and should not be confused with trademarks that protect brands, or copyrights, which protect original works of authorship. In order to achieve the objectives of this study, a survey was conducted, and the lawyers specialising in intellectual property law who are practicing at the Bombay High Court Bench in Aurangabad, India, were the core of the survey. This research found that patenting is a crucial stage in both horizontal and vertical technology transfer. In both types, patents provide legal protection to the owner and enable him to turn his invention into a product or service for sale or demand permission for licensing to produce the same.
  Keywords: invention; innovation; discovery; new technology; patent; technology transfer.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2023.10059354
   
  
• The Relation between Information Technology Adoption and the Pharmacist Job Satisfaction in the Chain Community Pharmacy in Amman  
  by Rateb Sweis, Safa Abed, Zu\\'bi Al-Zu\\'bi, Taghrid Suifan, Wassim Albalkhy, Nadia J, Mais Jaradat 
  Abstract: This study aims to investigate the significance of the relationship between information technology adoption and the pharmacist’s job satisfaction in the chain pharmacies in Amman. Data were collected from 73 pharmacists who work in Amman branches of one chain pharmacy in Jordan (Dawacom). The questionnaire is made of two parts, IT adoption, and job satisfaction. Four dimensions represented IT technology: the ability of the organisation to utilise IT, the impact of IT on business processes, communication: e-business and social network, and IT knowledge and training. The results of this study show that the satisfaction of the pharmacists is statistically correlated to the ability of the organisation to utilise IT, and the impact of IT on business processes. However, the relationship between the other two dimensions and job satisfaction was found insignificant.
  Keywords: information technology; job satisfaction; chain pharmacies; Amman.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBIR.2022.10046781