International Journal of Business and Globalisation (16 papers in press)

Regular Issues

• Factors affecting Green Purchase Intention, Case of Lebanon  
  by Yahya Skaf, Sam El Nemar, Demetris Vrontis, Hassan Dennaoui 
  Abstract: Building effective strategies to promote green purchase intention GPI as required by the Sustainable Development Goals proposed by the UN for 2030 depends on understanding the factors influencing this behaviour. The objective of this research work is to identify how nine factors as concluded from literature influence the green purchase intention through a structural equation model. To do this, a survey is constructed to measure the GPI and the nine factors and distributed to 400 respondents in Lebanon. The data analysis was executed using the PLS-PM method from SmartPLS3 software. The results revealed that the environmental awareness, environmental concern, knowledge about green consumption, perceived effectiveness, altruism, selfimage, and the level of religious commitment have significant positive impact on the green purchase intention. In contrast, the results showed that increased believes in government role have significant negative impact on green purchase intention. On the other hand, the social references have no significant influence on green purchase intention. This study is important as it add evidences to this topics literature in developing countries such as Lebanon and is beneficial for firms marketing themselves as socially responsible to develop their marketing strategies
  Keywords: personal factors; consumer; green purchase intention; GPI; green products; corporate social responsibility; CSR; Lebanon.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBG.2024.10053007
   
  
• Corporate Social Responsibility and Organisational Performance in Vietnam  
  by Ngoc Khuong Mai, Khoa Truong An Nguyen 
  Abstract: This study aims to investigate how corporate social responsibility (CSR) practices can affect employee commitment and the financial performance of firms in Vietnam-a developing country, and to build a conceptual framework for these factors to achieve theoretical and practical contributions. The framework is tested by conducting data analysis of 869 firms in different sectors in Vietnam. The empirical results show that CSR practices have positive and direct effects on employee commitment and financial performance. In addition, employee commitment directly affects financial performance, confirming the mediating role of employee commitment on the relationship between CSR practices and financial performance. It is suggested that for the sustainable development of firms, managers should deploy more CSR practices, especially in developing countries where corporate social responsibility practices are not sufficiently or widely fulfilled
  Keywords: CSR; employee commitment; financial performance; CSR practices in Vietnam; developing countries; public sector; private sector; foreign direct investment.
  
  
• COVID-19 and Human Resource Management Research: Current Status and Future Directions  
  by Nasser Easa, Micheal Wang, Rayan Abdul-Al 
  Abstract: COVID-19 pandemic has undoubtedly created a complex and difficult environment for leaders and human resource management (HRM) professionals in coping with these unprecedented challenges. In this context, there are very few studies on the impact of COVID-19 on HRM. Therefore, this paper aims to review the existing literature on this topic to expand the current knowledge, detect research gaps and offer a foundation for future research in this area. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) technique was followed for this review. Different academic databases were searched, e.g. Wiley, Emerald Insight, Taylor & Francis, SpringerLink, Cambridge Core, and ScienceDirect. A total of 43 articles published in 2020 and 2021 were reviewed. Findings show that Research on COVID-19 and HRM was linked to five major themes: leadership, employee performance, employee mental health, employee well-being, and job insecurity. Scholars gave high concern to leadership, a moderate concern to employee performance and mental health, and a low concern to employee well-being and Job insecurity. The paper provides directions for future research.
  Keywords: COVID-19; human resource management; leadership; systematic review & meta-analysis.
  
  
• How far are Board Characteristics Liable for Enforcement of Corporate Governance? A Study of Indian Companies  
  by Amita Rani, Monita Mago, Sandeep Singh 
  Abstract: The present study is an attempt to examine the effect of each as well as overall board characteristics on corporate governance of the companies under study. The sample of the study comprised of 1001 observations made over the year about 91 companies listed at Bombay Stock Exchange and covered a period of eleven years ranging from 2010-20. The data was analysed by using panel regression and structural equation modeling through the application of E- Views (11.0) and Smart PLS version 3.3.3.It was found that the board characteristics such as institutional investors, non-institutional investors, non-executive chairperson, promoter chairperson, board size, woman CEO, proportion of women in the board, woman chairperson, board meetings, multiple directorships of outside director had a significant effect on two or more corporate governance measures. Further, there was a significant positive effect of overall board characteristics on corporate governance of the firms under study.
  Keywords: Profitability; Ownership Structure; Board Structure; Board Busyness; Agency Theory; Resource Allocation Theory; Financial Performance.
  
  
• Leaders’ spiritual identity and refugee integration in German family firms: an empirical study  
  by Eleftheria Egel 
  Abstract: In 26 qualitative interviews with family-owned SME leaders in the region of Baden-Württemberg, Germany, I explore how the leaders’ spiritual identity builds the employed refugees’ sense of belonging. Towards that end, I first draw from the fields of sociology and psychology to construct an interdisciplinary theoretical framework that combines a model of social integration with a psychological approach to spiritual identity. The study’s findings suggest that there is a direct link between the leaders’ spiritual identity and the employed refugees’ sense of belonging. This study informs the literature of family business and provides a better comprehension regarding the impact of religious or spiritual beliefs to prosocial, ethical goals, citizenship and community social responsibility. It also brings into light the impact that refugee trauma may have on their successful integration in the host country. More broadly the study has implications for the design of successful social integration programs for refugees and other minorities.
  Keywords: refugees; integration; family firms; spiritual identity.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBG.2023.10055897
   
  
• Exploring the Mediating Effect of Person-Organisation Fit between Workplace Spirituality and Organisational Commitment  
  by Rajni Khari, Alka Swami 
  Abstract: The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of workplace spirituality on organisational commitment by investigating the mediating effect of person-organisation fit (P-O fit). The results of the study were obtained by analysing the data collected through a questionnaire from 215 employees working in the automobile service industry using structural equation modelling. The results of the bootstrapping procedure showed no direct relationship between spirituality in the workplace and organisational commitment; however, a significant relationship between workplace spirituality and person-organisation fit was reported. Furthermore, P-O fits serve as a complete mediator between workplace spirituality and organisational commitment. Also, we are the first to examine the mediating role of perceived fit between workplace spirituality and organisational commitment, thereby shedding light on the mechanism by which workplace spirituality impacts employees commitment levels, which is unique. It is fair to conclude that spirituality may be a critical element in enhancing the commitment.
  Keywords: workplace spirituality; WPS; person-organisation fit; P-O fit; organisational commitment; structural equation modelling.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBG.2024.10055005
   
  
• Riding Harley Davidson through brand communities: A vehicle to deidentification and self-actualization of South Korean female riders  
  by Kyuho Lee, Byung-Jin (Robert) Park, Melih Madanoglu, Dohee Kim 
  Abstract: This study explores the gender norm implications of brand community in the Asian context. Specifically, based on the tenets of social identity theory, this study examines the underlying motivations, symbolic meanings of riding Harley Davidson and its impact among Korean females. A qualitative method consisting of in-depth interviews was employed to understand the underlying motivations of riding Harley Davidsons, the relationships among brand community members, and the nature of the brand community. Findings reveal that the Harley Davidson female brand community plays a pivotal role in the respondents choice to ride Harley Davidson. The relationships among members are much stickier and more personal compared to members of identical Western brand communities.
  Keywords: Harley Davidson; brand community; brand value; female rider; social identity.
  
  
• Is the export-led growth model good for an emerging economy? Evidence from Vietnam  
  by Le Thanh Tung 
  Abstract: Economic model and economic growth are always recognized such as the most important topic in economics. This paper aims to examine the export-led growth hypothesis in Vietnam, an emerging economy in Asia. The Error correction model and Johansen cointegration test are employed for checking this hypothesis. The database is collected by a quarterly form in the period of 2000-2020 and divided into two sub-periods. The cointegration test confirms that there is an existence of long-term cointegration relationships between variables. The long-term and short-term coefficients of the export variable are significantly positive and confirm the export-led growth hypothesis in Vietnam. The coefficients of the export variable have robustly raised over the study periods, which suggest that international integration has improved the impact of exports on economic growth. Finally, some policy implications are provided for enhancing trade development and support exports as the key development strategy in Vietnam in the future.
  Keywords: export-led growth; economic growth; emerging economy; cointegration test; dynamic model; international integration.
  
  
• Is the gender gap in entrepreneurship closing? An investigation with a technologically empowered systematic literature review  
  by Rohail Hassan, Meghna Chhabra, Ridhi Bhatia, Monika Agarwal, Sahil Malik 
  Abstract: The objective of this study is to seek an answer to the question of whether the gender gap in entrepreneurship (GGIE) still persists. For this objective, the study explores the thematic landscape of the research field of ‘GGIE‘ and contributes toward exploring relationships among specific constructs in the area of GGIE like leading contributors in the field regarding countries, research organisations, authors, and source titles. Keyword’s co-occurrence analysis technique categorises and explores prominent and emerging topics. The findings of the study reveal that there still exists a wide disparity in the men’s and women’s entrepreneurship rates with the former still predominant in entrepreneurship. Besides women’s entrepreneurial propensity is negatively affected by gender stenotypes. A lack of theoretical support also marks the field. The research field of GGIE has gained significant attention in advanced economies. However, key didactical issues related to the opportunities and challenges of women entrepreneurs remain debatable worldwide.
  Keywords: gender gap in entrepreneurship; GGIE; bibliometric analysis; review.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBG.2025.10072141
   
  
• Talent Management Practices: A growing buzz among Millennials and Gen X  
  by Pratiksha Mishra, Sushma Rani, Sanjeev Kumar 
  Abstract: The present research aims to study the response of millennials and Gen X towards talent management practices followed by the organization. The study follows an exploratory research design while the sample has been collected through a random sampling technique. From the analysis, it has been found that among the millennials, strong talent management practices have shown a great impact as compared to Gen X. The study gives a new insight into the impact of talent management practices among the millennials and Gen X. The study reveals that there is a positive impact of talent management practices on males as compared to females in case of millennials.
  Keywords: Talent management; Millennial; Digitalization; Gen X.
  
  
• An ARDL approach: case study of COVID-19 death and insurance stock returns  
  by Himani Gupta, Shalini Singh, Renu Bala, Bhavna Sharma 
  Abstract: The movement of investment vehicles helps investors communicate as a stock market shield via a diverse portfolio. The COVID-19 outbreak had impacted the India along with other countries across the globe. The diseases progression and economic impact are highly uncertain. The current study is a novel effort to untangle the dynamic relationship between COVID-19 death and returns of NSE-listed life insurance stocks. We look at COVID-19 death data as well as returns from SBI Life, HDFC Life, and ICICI PRU from April 2020 to July 2021, when pandemic was the leading cause of death. Using the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) model technique, we discover that COVID-19 death has no dynamic relationship with the returns of selected life insurance stocks. In conclusion, our findings will provide stockholders, investment advisors, and policy experts with significant foresight into guaranteeing returns on life insurance stocks free from uncertain calamities such as COVID-19.
  Keywords: insurance; economic development; financial markets.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBG.2023.10058418
   
  
• Impact of covid-19 on low-income financial consumers in India  
  by Ardhendu Shekhar Singh, Dilip Ambarkhane, Bhama Venkataramani 
  Abstract: The Pandemic has enormously impacted human beings in general and people with low incomes in particular. It has eliminated the livelihood opportunities for those working in unorganized and small-scale industries. The consumption of products and services could have been higher and more specific. We used the secondary data to analyze the impact of the Pandemic on low-income consumers. We found that the effect was felt more in the service sector; within it, financial services were a severely impacted sector. Low-income consumers needed more income to save, and at the same time, loan facilities to smoothen consumption were also unavailable. They facedlimitations from the demand and supply sides. The Pandemic also created fear and anxiety among consumers. Banks had to respond to it by taking measures like social distancing, protective equipment, etc., to eliminate those fears and uncertainties that have affected the consumption of financial services. This paper has analyzed various factors affecting the consumption of financial services among low-income consumers.
  Keywords: Low-income consumers; COVID-19; Impact; Financial services; Microfinance.
  
  
• Variables affecting the internationalisation of small and medium-sized companies  
  by Ramon Ortiz-Rojo 
  Abstract: Within the context of global integration and intense increase in international transactions, more small and medium-sized companies are trying to enter foreign markets. In this scenario, the aim of this study is to identify variables that affect the internationalisation of small and medium-sized companies through a literature review and meta-analysis with content analysis. Results of the study propose two dimensions of variables affecting the internationalisation of small and medium-sized companies, namely: the intra dimension and the extra dimension, each of which comprise two sub-dimensions: capabilities and performance for the former, and environment out and environment in for the latter.
  Keywords: business internationalisation; small and medium-size companies; variables affecting internationalisation.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBG.2025.10072803
   
  
• Internal migration in Haryana during the age of the COVID-19 pandemic: understanding the root causes, impacts, and policy consequences  
  by Gurwinder Singh Badal, Rudhita Goel 
  Abstract: While the process of migration is one of the paramount factors which determine the socio-economic and demographic structure of every nation, at the same time internal movement of migrants, interestingly, is responsible for changing the internal pattern of the population within the country. This paper attempts to comprehend the general statistics of internal migration in the Indian state of Haryana during the phase of the COVID-19 pandemic and to find out how the outbreak has affected the state's socio-economic and demographic structure. Apart from this, various reasons/factors responsible for this migration flow during this particular phase have been identified through a primary survey conducted post-lock-down period (January–July 2022). Additionally, disproportionate impacts of the COVID-19 outbreak have been identified using a Hennery Garrett ranking technique. At last, a different public policy has been proposed to address the socio-economic issue brought on by COVID-19 medical exigency.
  Keywords: internal migration; COVID-19 pandemic; impacts; reasons; determinants; economic development.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBG.2024.10055252
   
  
• The role of triangulated narratives of sport, music and film festival in building Kosovo's Nation Branding  
  by Emira Limani, Blerim Limani 
  Abstract: The aim of the present study is to illustrate the role of music, sports and film festival in building a country's national branding. Sunny Hill Festival, founded and supported by Dua Lipa and Dukagjin Lipa together with Doku Fest, a 20 plus years annual film festival, and tremendous successes in the sport of Judo started with golden medallist Majlinda Kelmendi, are considered to be main sources of promoting Kosovo to the foreign public. Interviews are conducted and content analyses is applied to identify main themes deriving from the stakeholder narratives. A nation branding model is offered for practitioners and public institutions in order to design nation branding strategies and measure their results.
  Keywords: nation branding; Kosovo; music; film; sport.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBG.2022.10051060
   
  
• Determinants of FDI and competitive federalism in India  
  by Prashant I. Vadikar, Hardik B. Bhadeshiya 
  Abstract: The state's attempts to draw FDI are critical if India is to see rapid economic growth. States are working to improve governance as a result of the competitive and collaborative federalism strategy that New India has taken to attain its goals. Panel data regression has been employed in the study to objectively evaluate the influence of socio-economic and political variables on FDI. The results demonstrate that, in the short term, the economy's digitalisation is the most critical element in luring FDI inflow for States and UTs. Only e-readiness or digitalisation has an immediate impact on FDI inflow since other resources are mobile between states and are manageable. Business ease is immediately impacted by digitalisation. The states should work to improve the digital infrastructure, digital literacy and e-governance.
  Keywords: foreign direct investment; FDI; competitive federalism; India; states.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJBG.2025.10072804