International Journal of Systems, Control and Communications (9 papers in press)

Regular Issues

• A smart home system for elderly living alone based on an improved DS algorithm and multi-sensor data fusion  
  by Qianqian Hu, Heguang Wang, Bing Wang 
  Abstract: A smart home system design method is proposed to address the challenges faced by the elderly living alone using smart home systems. By introducing a fuzzy control algorithm, the stability and fault tolerance of the system are enhanced, and the accuracy of device coordination is improved. The experimental results show that the proposed method has an average absolute error of 1.483 and a root mean square error of 1.976, which are lower than the traditional algorithms by 1.012 and 1.486, respectively. The data processing efficiency is improved by 23%, and the system response time is shorter than that of other algorithms, and the overall operation efficiency is enhanced. In addition, the system operates stably with a packet loss rate of 0.174% and a high data transmission speed, which proves that the method has a large potential in practical applications.
  Keywords: multi-sensor; data fusion technology; DS; fuzzy control algorithm; smart home system.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJSCC.2025.10071099
   
  
• Chattering free fractional-order sliding mode control for a buck converter based on an extended state observer: design, analysis and experiments  
  by Tao Zheng, Juan Li, Yi Xiao, Kaiwen Cao, Shengquan Li 
  Abstract: This paper presents a fractional-order non-singular terminal sliding mode control (SMC), based on an extended state observer (ESO) to mitigate load resistance disturbances in the buck converter. First, a novel modelling method is developed to convert the matched and mismatched disturbances caused by load resistance variations into a uniform matched total disturbance. An extended state observer is then designed to estimate and compensate the system state variables and total disturbance. Second, to overcome the issues of slow convergence and chattering phenomenon in traditional sliding mode control, a fractional-order non-singular terminal sliding mode control method is designed to achieve stable tracking of the reference voltage. Third, the stability of the closed-loop system is proved by Lyapunov theorem. Finally, both simulation and experimental results show that the proposed fractional-order SMC exhibits excellent voltage tracking performance and effective rejection of load disturbances.
  Keywords: buck converter; fractional-order calculus; disturbance estimation; non-singular terminal sliding mode; extended state observer; ESO.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJSCC.2025.10071127
   
  
• A power image autonomous recognition method based on improved regional full convolution network  
  by Shuhua Liang, Yansong Sun, Dalei Wu, Xian Yang, Jiaying Li, Lei Gao 
  Abstract: In view of the poor recognition effect caused by the interference of electromagnetic wave, external environment and other factors in the process of power image acquisition, an autonomous recognition method of power image based on improved regional full convolution network is proposed. Firstly, the power image is collected and the interference factors are analysed. Based on this, the image pre-processing is completed; Secondly, the offset and weight are introduced to increase the receptive field of the standard grid to improve the regional full convolution network; Then, the improved regional full convolution network is applied to construct the power image autonomous recognition model to realise the power image recognition function; Ultimately, empirical trials are conducted to substantiate the progressiveness of the suggested approach. The outcomes reveal that the detection precision of the proposed method for power imagery surpasses 94.32%, and it exhibits superior accuracy and recall rates.
  Keywords: full convolutional neural network; power image; autonomous recognition; smart grid.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJSCC.2025.10071258
   
  
• Non-fragile H_∞ control for 2D Markov jump systems with partially unknown probabilities and its application in metal rolling process  
  by Peng Cui, Zhenghao Ni, Feng Li 
  Abstract: This article studies the asynchronous H_∞ non-fragile control problem of two-dimensional Markov jump systems with imperfect probability information based on the Roesser systems. First, to make the system better simulate actual engineering applications, its transition probability and observation probability are considered to be completely known, partially unknown and completely unknown. Second, the hidden Markov model addresses the asynchronous phenomenon between the controller and the system, given that the system mode might not be precisely achieved in the actual environment. Simultaneously, non-fragile control is used to overcome the influence of controller gain fluctuation during the action process. Furthermore, a suitable Lyapunov function is constructed, and the associated theorem is used to deduce adequate requirements for the closed-loop system's stability. Lastly, the industrial steel rolling process and the Darboux equation example are used to confirm the feasibility of the suggested asynchronous non-fragile controller.
  Keywords: Roesser systems; hidden Markov model; HMM; non-fragile control; partially information; 2D systems.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJSCC.2025.10071155
   
  
• Multimodal comparative learning chip defect detection algorithm based on GLIP guidance  
  by Ziyi He, Bingqi Wang, Li Ma, Jingjing Fang 
  Abstract: In the production of semiconductor chips, the existing process technology and the working environment have an impact on the quality of the chip, so defect detection on the chip surface is crucial. However, in real-world environments, it is challenging to collect a sufficiently large and highly representative sample of defects. In this paper, we propose a multimodal comparative learning approach with GLIP for location guidance and Multi-scale fusion modules for different multiscale fusions to localise defect locations of different shapes and sizes. In the testing phase, samples from different chip types in the training set were used to demonstrate the good generalisation ability and accuracy of our model. Data was tested on the MVTEC dataset to demonstrate the superiority of our method, where the image-level and pixel-level accuracies on our privately owned chip dataset can reach 91.3 and 92.6, and the pixel-level accuracy on the MVTEC is 92.3.
  Keywords: defect detection; visual language model; zero-sample inference; comparative learning; transfer learning.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJSCC.2025.10071156
   
  
• A Q-learning-based approach in clock synchronisation in wireless sensor networks  
  by M. Muthumalathi, P.B. Pankajavalli, A. Priya Dharshini 
  Abstract: In this paper, clock synchronisation in wireless sensor networks through Q-learning-based approach is investigated. This paper proposes a distributed approach that leverages distributed Q-learning-based synchronisation (DQS) to optimise packet transmission decisions for enhancing clock synchronisation. The proposed DQS method dynamically adjusts transmission behaviours based on historical experiences, aiming to minimise packet loss and energy consumption while synchronising clocks among sensor nodes. In particular, DQS approach presents a more efficient communication path with only fewer updates and transmission which result in less energy consumption for enhancing clock variance. The experimental result reveals that the proposed DQS approach has 3% to 7% reduction in energy consumption when compared to traditional distributed synchronisation (TDS) and gradient time synchronisation (GTS). Further, the packet loss and logical clock variance are reduced to 31% and 33% comparing with TDS and GTS with 500 rounds of synchronisation.
  Keywords: wireless sensor networks; WSNs; clock synchronisation; Q-learning; reinforcement learning; packet transmission and energy consumption.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJSCC.2025.10071158
   
  
• Mobile robot control based on high-order sliding mode differentiator  
  by Cuiping Pu, Yi Wu, Dongchen Dai, Ruixin Li 
  Abstract: This paper proposes a dual loop sliding mode control method based on high-order sliding mode differentiator to address the problem of chattering in trajectory tracking of sliding mode controlled mobile robots. The sliding mode control based on high-order sliding mode differentiator avoids high-frequency switching of control signals in traditional sliding mode control, thereby suppressing jitter. High order sliding mode differentiators can achieve fast convergence within a finite time, and mobile robots can reach the desired trajectory in a shorter period of time. High order sliding mode differentiators can accurately estimate the system state, effectively compensate for unknown system dynamics and external disturbances, and improve the robustness and stability of the system. Simulation analysis shows that this control method effectively reduces chattering, has stronger anti-interference ability, and better trajectory tracking effect.
  Keywords: high-order sliding mode differentiator; mobile robots; trajectory tracking; dual loop control.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJSCC.2025.10071249
   
  
• Event-triggered adaptive PID control for nonlinear dynamic process  
  by Cong Xu, Wuyu Zhou 
  Abstract: Proportional-integral-derivative (PID) control has been extensively employed for nonlinear dynamic process due to its simple control mechanism, high reliability, and easy implementation. However, it is difficult to determine the control parameters of the conventional PID controllers, which makes it difficult to adapt to the changes in nonlinear dynamic process. To address the challenges of low precision and excessive updates in nonlinear dynamic process control, an innovative event-triggered adaptive PID (EAPID) control method is proposed in this paper. Firstly, an adaptive PID controller based on the long short-term memory neural network is designed to enhance control precision. The network parameters are updated online using the back-propagation through time (BPTT) algorithm and the momentum term is introduced to update the controller parameters to improve the control accuracy. Secondly, an event-triggered mechanism is exploited to ensure the stability of the system, so that the controller is updated only when the triggering mechanism is violated, reducing computational resource consumption. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed control method is validated by two numerical examples. The comparison results with other methodologies demonstrate the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed EAPID control method.
  Keywords: PID control; long short-term memory network; LSTM; event-triggered control; nonlinear dynamic process.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJSCC.2025.10070804
   
  
• Calibration between gimbal camera and UWB anchor based on non-convex optimisation  
  by Jun Ma, Yaojun Zhou, Fei Lu, Xiaoming Xu, Yang Li, Keke Zhang 
  Abstract: In recent years, with the development of mobile robot technology, ultra-wide band (UWB) sensors consisting of anchors and tags, along with cameras, have been increasingly and widely used in the perception modules of robots. In response to the field of view (FOV) problem caused by the commonly used fixed cameras, this paper proposes a camera system with a one-dimensional gimbal, aiming to solve the data fusion problem between the gimbal camera and the UWB system. In this study, we address the limited (FOV) challenge posed by gimbal cameras in mobile robot perception systems. Here, we present an offline calibration method for the camera and UWB sensors, which utilises an Aruco (Ar) marker-based calibration plate and an optimisation method to obtain the external parameters of the sensors. The contributions of this work include the advancement of sensor calibration for mobile robotics and the enhancement of perception capabilities through the fusion of gimbal camera and UWB data.
  Keywords: ultra-wideband sensor; gimbal camera; external parameter calibration; optimisation; azimuth of arrival base station.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJSCC.2025.10071159