International Journal of Systems, Control and Communications (7 papers in press)

Regular Issues

• Discrete-time simulation for performance modelling of FIFO single-server queuing system  
  by Ridhima Mehta 
  Abstract: Optimal queue management is crucial for improving the network operation since packet loss is commonly attributed to the likelihood of buffer overflow at intermediate routers on end-to-end communication path. In this paper, a transient discrete-time simulation model is proposed based on queuing theory served by single-server system and single first-in first-out (FIFO) queue. This queuing service framework effectively enforces the best-effort service to the streams of incoming data packets across the network with disparate quality of service (QoS) requirements. We plot the network performance measures such as queue length, delay, server utilisation and packet lifetime to validate the practical wireless systems. Besides, we employ conventional multiple-objective genetic algorithm to model the trade-off among key queuing system parameters including queuing delay, packet drop rate and network bandwidth. Finally, the efficiency of our queuing optimisation model is significantly compared with previous works in terms of bandwidth utilisation, delay, and packet loss rate.
  Keywords: FIFO queue; genetic algorithm; packet lifetime; queuing delay; queuing server utilisation.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJSCC.2021.10040559
   
  
• Stabilised energy efficient routing protocol for heterogeneous wireless sensor network  
  by Nazma Bano, Rakesh Kumar 
  Abstract: Since the development of wireless sensor network (WSN), the researchers have focused on enhancing its lifetime to bring it in ubiquitous use. WSN suffers same bottleneck as any other wireless device in terms of its battery which is limited and must be utilised effectively. Among various techniques which can help, the cluster-based routing techniques have attracted the most researchers due to the reduced number of data transmissions involved in it. However, it requires careful selection of cluster head (CH) in order to save huge amount of energy of nodes and prolong its lifetime. In this work, we considered - node proximity (reduce effective distance between nodes) and the penalisation avoiding (energy balancing by keeping count of CH to appropriate level) factor. Simulation results show that SEER has improved the stability period by 35.20% and 81.1% versus E-BEENISH and D-BEEENISH protocols respectively along with significant improvement in network lifetime.
  Keywords: wireless sensor network; WSN; CH selection; heterogeneous; stabilised energy efficient routing; SEER; node proximity; node penalisation avoidance; D-BEENISH; E-BEENISH.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJSCC.2021.10042535
   
  
• Design, simulation and practical implementation of sliding mode controller based on extended state observer for process control applications  
  by B.J. Parvat, N.S. Patil, Y.P. Patil 
  Abstract: In this paper, sliding mode controller (SMC) is designed from estimated states of an extended state observer (ESO) for process control applications. To design and implement ESO-based SMC, an isothermal continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR) and Wood-Berry distillation process models are used as nonlinear and multivariable process examples respectively in simulation study. For real-time application, it is designed and practically tested for tank level control system. The results obtained from simulation study and real-time application proves applicability of this controlling method. For showing better performance of ESO-SMC, its comparative analysis made with some well-known controllers.
  Keywords: nonlinear extended state observer; nonlinear process control; sliding mode control; SMC; chatter free SMC; multiple input multiple output process control; MIMO.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJSCC.2021.10042716
   
  
• A responsive compressive sensing based channel estimation algorithm using curve fitting and machine learning  
  by Ami Munshi, Srija Unnikrishnan 
  Abstract: It is observed that compressive sensing based channel estimation in orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) system with more number of subcarriers can achieve a good reconstruction of transmitted signal at the receiver side even if the channel is very noisy. However, with increase in the number of subcarriers, peak to average power ratio (PAPR) also increases. In this paper, we propose a responsive compressive sensing based channel estimation algorithm which will estimate the minimum signal to noise ratio (SNR) of the channel when the pilot signal is transmitted based on parameters such as the number of subcarriers and the total number of channel coefficients needed to attain negligible bit error rate (BER). Once the minimum channel SNR is estimated, the algorithm will put forward the optimum number of subcarriers to be employed in the MIMO-OFDM system to optimally reconstruct the transmitted data at the receiver side.
  Keywords: channel estimation; bit error rate; BER; signal to noise ratio; SNR; MIMO; orthogonal frequency division multiplexing; OFDM; compressive sensing; sparsity; machine learning; random forest; peak to average power ratio; PAPR; least square channel estimation.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJSCC.2021.10043375
   
  
• EnLiMax: a WSN-based energy efficient lifetime maximisation framework for potable water quality monitoring and reporting through optimised node deployment  
  by Moumita Ghosh, Rama Sushil, Kaushik Ghosh 
  Abstract: Potable water quality monitoring technique has been a prominent research area for quite some time. Water borne diseases take away many lives every year throughout the world, particularly in developing and underdeveloped nations. In this work, we have therefore proposed a WSN-based energy efficient lifetime maximisation (EnLiMax) framework, for potable water quality monitoring (WQM) in metropolitan cities. The proposed framework will monitor different parameters for potable water in the main supply reservoir by deploying sensor nodes. Any aberration from the predefined thresholds for the said parameters will be reported to multiple sinks, for necessary follow ups. In this paper we have also proposed a novel network parameter for node placement, called degree of proximity (DoP). It was found that at an optimum DoP value of 3, a network will record maximum lifetime when all other network parameters are unchanged. Here through the proposed framework, we have presented methods for monitoring both surface water and under water. Lifetime of the proposed framework is compared with some other well-known protocols in WSN. The results have shown that the proposed method and framework recorded more lifetime as compared to some very well-known protocols like LEACH, TEEN, SEP and MoDLEACH.
  Keywords: water quality monitoring; WQM; wireless sensor network; WSN; network lifetime.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJSCC.2021.10043376
   
  
• An era of new future wireless 5G technology and its aspects: a review  
  by Akhilesh Verma, Srinivasa Nallanthighal Raghava 
  Abstract: In this paper, various wireless technologies and methods to achieve 5G requirements and challenges have been studied. A surge in mobile data demand worldwide has more and more in demand to get speedy next-generation 5G mobile vices. The telecom industries are surprising because 5G is enough to restructure the previous wireless technology. It’s not only escalating the speed of the network but the capacity of the network will also be enhanced too. This paper discussed a different type of works on 5G, which has been done by many researchers. Many modulation techniques used in 5G wireless technology are studied. The mm-wave and massive MIMO technology have drawn attention to implementing 5G wireless technology. The signal transmission is the main challenging task at mm-wave, which has been studied. The different security aspects applied to 5G are presented in this review.
  Keywords: 5G; IM; MIMO; MM-Wave; modulation; OFDM; QAM; security.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJSCC.2022.10044268
   
  
• Band-notched UWB antenna and analysis with C-shaped SRR for Wi-MAX/WLAN and satellite communications  
  by Aylapogu Pramod Kumar, Gurrala Kiran Kumar, Donga Madhu Sudan, Dhavaleswarapu Venkatachari 
  Abstract: A compact form of ultra-wideband antenna with C-shaped split ring resonator is proposed, it has a band-notched characteristics. This antenna consists of a rectangular patch with C-shaped split ring nature. The proposed antenna is resonating from 2.8-10 GHz with VSWR < 2. The circle fashioned slit is imprinted in the emit patch. The main principle of this work is to achieve higher gain for UBW frequencies range except the stop bands. At 3.6 GHz, 5.7 GHz and 8 GHz frequencies, the suggested antenna approximately exhibits the omni-directional emission pattern in the plane of H. In order to get the stable radiation pattern characteristics throughout the entire bandwidth, S11 loss of the respective antenna should be less than 10 dB. The suggested antenna is successfully simulated and observed at various required specifications such as radiation pattern, S11 loss, gain with the aid of HFSS Software. We promised that the recommended antenna is suitable for Wi-MAX/WLAN and satellite applications.
  Keywords: ultra-wideband; UWB; gain; band-notched; VSWR; return loss; Wi-MAX.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJSCC.2022.10044324