International Journal of Learning and Intellectual Capital (10 papers in press)

Regular Issues

• Stakeholder analysis as tool for organisational learning in social services: does internal social capital play a role?  
  by Nataša Rupčić, Matej Babšek 
  Abstract: This paper addresses the importance of stakeholder analysis as a tool for organisational learning in public organisations, with an emphasis on internal social capital as a facilitator of organisational change. In a case study of a Slovenian social service, the aim of the research was to determine if and to what extent social services conduct stakeholder analysis and use it in their organisational learning and what role internal social capital plays in this process. The results show that despite the fact that stakeholder analysis, organisational learning and internal social capital are present and well developed in the organisation, no significant relationship was found between these variables. The qualitative analysis revealed that the reason lies in the role and relationship with the ministry, on which the SWC’s decision-making is heavily dependent. In this way, the paper identifies an important external impediment to organisational learning and change in a public organisation.
  Keywords: stakeholder analysis; social capital; organisational learning; public sector; social services; Slovenia.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJPSPM.2022.10060371
   
  
• The effect of human capital, employee performance on work process improvement and employee performance on work productivity on sustainable competitive advantage in Thai banks  
  by Panamon Chantabutr, Sawat Wanarat 
  Abstract: Employee performance is critical to maintaining a commercial advantage in today’s highly innovative banking environment, as it affects efficiency and goal attainment. This study aims to test the mediator of employee performance on human capital and examine if a high rate of employee performance gives a company a sustainable competitive advantage (SCA). The data for this study was collected by distributing 342 questionnaires to employees, senior staff, and executive managers in Thai banks. The data was analysed using exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). The EFA revealed two dimensions of employee performance that affected a company’s competitiveness: work productivity and work process improvement. The findings suggest that the improvement of processes plays a mediative role in this relationship. Therefore, bank managers should focus on improving their processes and reducing costs to maintain a SCA. This study provides unique empirical evidence supporting the application of resource-based and human capital theories in Thai banks.
  Keywords: human capital; employee performance; sustainable competitive advantages; SCA; SEM; exploratory factor analysis; EFA; confirmatory factor analysis; CFA.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJLIC.2023.10056908
   
  
• The impact of Penta-Helix Collaborative Business Incubation Process on the creative business strategic orientation and innovation capability  
  by Widiya Dewi Anjaningrum, Ahmad Nizar Yogatama, Agus Purnomo Sidi, Adya Hermawati, Rahayu Puji Suci 
  Abstract: Many studies explored the firm’s innovation capabilities in this post-pandemic era. However, it is rare to find the relationship dynamics between the business incubation process, the orientation of business strategy, and the creative economy-based SMEs’ innovation capability. This research aims to reveal the impact of Penta-Helix’s collaborative business incubation process on the strategic orientation focus of creative business and innovation capabilities. Quantitative data was collected from 420 creative entrepreneurs in East Java, Indonesia. Applying SEM-PLS finally obtained support for the research hypothesis. The study results revealed that the optimal collaborative business incubation process impacts the focus of business strategy orientation. This research contributed theoretical implications to developing the strategic management theory resource-based view of the firm, in which external parties must drive company resources that are the primary key in achieving innovation. Further research should explore whether collaborative business incubation can moderate the strategic business orientation on innovation capabilities.
  Keywords: Penta-Helix Collaborative Business Incubation Process; PHCBIP; strategic business orientation; innovation capabilities; creative business.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJLIC.2023.10057683
   
  
• Does managerial ability play a role in increasing the value relevance of intellectual capital?  
  by Sri Ruwanti, Iman Harymawan 
  Abstract: This study aims to examine the value relevance of intellectual capital (IC) and role of managerial ability increasing the value relevance of IC. This study uses 640 observations from 128 manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in the period of 2016 to 2020. The sub-categories of IC used are human capital, relational capital, process capital and innovation capital. Value relevance refers to Ohlson’s (1995) model. The findings of this study suggest that only process capital has value relevance. It also finds that managerial ability only plays a role in strengthening the relationship between human capital and firm value. On the other hand, it plays a less role in other IC sub-categories.
  Keywords: intellectual capital; firm value; managerial ability; market value.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJLIC.2023.10058303
   
  
• The impact of transformational leadership on employee’s performance: the mediating role of job satisfaction and employees’ commitment  
  by Muhammad Shahid Khan, Marina Khan, Ming Du, Rukhsar Khan 
  Abstract: The telecom industry in Pakistan is in high demand and competition, and leaders need to have the ability to flexibly adjust organisational goals in response to a rapidly changing environment and motivate employees to achieve organisational goals. This empirical study aims to analyse the relationship between transformational leadership (TL) and employee performance with the mediating effect of job satisfaction and employee commitment (EC). This study used random sampling; a sample of 220 is selected from the telecom industry of Pakistan. Data were analysed through a partial least squares analysis technique using SmartPLS software. The study’s results found that TL significantly affects job satisfaction, EC, and performance. Thus we can conclude That TL is an effective leadership style in the workplace which can enhance employees’ performance. This study significantly contributes to the TL theory and can be generalised to Pakistan’s telecom sector. This study also contributes to the research method, as the current study used the SEM approach through SMART-PLS.
  Keywords: transformational leadership; TL; job satisfaction; JS; employee commitment; EC; employee performance; EP.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJLIC.2023.10058304
   
  
• Assessing the market value effects of intellectual capital disclosure: insights from New Zealand  
  by Zeinab Abdolzahraei, Jun-Hwa Cheah, Wei Chong Choo, Abdul Rashid Abdullah 
  Abstract: This study investigates the impact of intellectual capital disclosure on the market value of listed firms in New Zealand from 2016 to 2018, using a stakeholder theory perspective. Given modern investors’ heightened interest in firms’ intellectual aspects, empirical exploration is imperative. Employing content analysis to assess intellectual capital disclosure levels and multiple regression for measuring impact, our research is based on a sample of 114 observations across 38 firms. Empirical findings affirm a strong positive correlation between intellectual capital disclosure and market value for New Zealand-listed firms during the study period. Notably, every element of intellectual capital disclosure contributes positively to market value, with human capital disclosure exhibiting the most significant influence, despite being the least reported component. These results align with stakeholder theory, emphasising the pivotal role of disclosure in influencing stakeholder decisions, particularly among investors. Our study systematically assesses each disclosure component’s effect on market value and empirically tests intellectual capital disclosure’s impact in New Zealand’s developed economy.
  Keywords: intellectual capital; market capitalisation; market value; intellectual capital disclosure; New Zealand; stakeholder theory; structural capital; human capital; relational capital; intangibles.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJLIC.2023.10059422
   
  
• Intellectual capital and competitive advantage: a structured literature review  
  by Sushila Soriya, Pushpender Kadian 
  Abstract: The purpose of the present study is to review and critique the intellectual capital (IC) literature in context of competitive advantage (CA) and outline the future of relevant research agendas in this field. Research articles from the Scopus and Web of Science (WOS) databases, ranging from 2000 to 2022 are categorised and analysed through bibliometric and content/thematic analysis in a structured literature review (SLR). The findings indicate an increased attention among scholars and academicians due to tremendous importance and recognition of IC as source of CA. The results of co-citation and bibliographic-coupling analyses suggest that further attention should be devoted to IC practices. The study is constructive in evaluating the scientific production on this subject and identifying major contributions. Furthermore, the information provided is useful for researchers and practitioners studying IC as competency of CA and can underline the directions of future research.
  Keywords: intellectual capital; competitive advantage; structured literature review; co-citation analysis; bibliographic coupling analysis.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJLIC.2023.10059461
   
  
• Impact of diversity management on organisational commitment: the mediating role of human resources management  
  by Halil Zaim, Diana Maguire, Yavuz Keceli 
  Abstract: Understanding the impact of diversity management on employees’ organisational commitment offers organisational leaders’ insights into how their activities impact employee satisfaction and turnover. How diversity management is coordinated through human resource performance management can also influence employee perception of organisational support, which in turn effects employee commitment. The research questions in the study are: To what degree does diversity management impact organisational commitment and to what degree does human resource management performance impact organisational commitment. Over 400 employees working in eighty-seven different companies in the services sector in Kuwait completed questionnaires with 38 questions on diversity management, human resource management performance, and organisational commitment. The findings suggest that diversity management has an indirect effect on organisational commitment and human resource management performance mediates this relationship. This study provides a significant contribution to existing literature on diversity management and organisational commitment.
  Keywords: diversity management; organisational commitment; human resource management performance; HRMP; affective commitment; continuance commitment; normative commitment.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJLIC.2023.10059524
   
  
• The influence of intellectual capital on the financial performance of European professional football clubs  
  by Nuno Verónico, Angela C. Macedo, Ricardo V. Costa 
  Abstract: Intellectual capital (IC) is increasingly regarded as a critical factor for the competitiveness of organisations. However, the influence of IC in sports organisations is still underexplored. This paper aims to identify the IC components that are more relevant to the profitability of professional football clubs. Using data from 115 clubs from the Top 6 European leagues, in the period between 2009/2010 and 2018/2019, this study employs a modified value added intellectual coefficient (MVAIC) model to test the relationships between IC and the financial performance of football clubs. The findings suggest that both the MVAIC and the individual IC components have a direct influence on clubs’ profitability, except for relational capital (whose impact is manifested through second-order interactions). By shedding further light on the importance of IC for football clubs, the implications of this study may be useful to IC and sport researchers, and to football managers and other stakeholders.
  Keywords: : intellectual capital; modified value added intellectual coefficient; MVAIC; human capital efficiency; HCE; relational capital efficiency; RCE; structural capital efficiency; SCE; capital employed efficiency; CEE; financial performance; return on assets; ROA; professional football clubs; Europe.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJLIC.2023.10059797
   
  
• Factors determining employee engagement role in Malaysian private higher educational institutions  
  by Afandi Yusof, Elsadig Musa Ahmed, Al Mansor Abu Said 
  Abstract: This study’s primary purpose is to establish a model of employee engagement from the perspective of academics in Malaysian Private Higher Educational Institutions (PHEIs) that may contribute to the body of knowledge. It is carried out to determine the mediating role of the meaning of work, a dimension under the higher construct of psychological empowerment, in the relationships between perceived organisational support, job characteristics, and skills utilisation on employee engagement in the context of PHEIs in Malaysia. Data was collected among 308 academics with a 65% response rate. This study found that the meaning of work partially mediates the relationship between job characteristics and skills utilisation on employee engagement. Thus, this study recommends that PHEIs should consider prioritising efforts that enhance job characteristics and skills utilisation and streaming the academics based on baskets of tasks or key performance indicators (KPIs) that incorporate their choice of inclination.
  Keywords: employee engagement; psychological empowerment; the meaning of work; perceived organisational support; job characteristics; skills utilisation.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJLIC.2023.10060889