International Journal of Learning and Intellectual Capital (11 papers in press)

Regular Issues

• Social Media Disclosure of Intellectual Capital and firm value  
  by Abdalmuttaleb M.A. Musleh Al-Sartawi 
  Abstract: This paper aims to examine the relationship between firm value and the level of social media disclosure of intellectual capital by Kuwaiti and Omani listed firms. The level of social media disclosure of intellectual capital was measured by adapting a checklist of 78 items. Also, the financial reports were used to determine Tobins Q. The results showed that the level of social media disclosure of intellectual capital was 71% by Kuwaiti and Omani firms. Moreover, the findings indicate that there is a significant positive relationship between the firm value and the level of social media disclosure of intellectual capital. The study recommends that the Kuwaiti and Omani bourses must develop a formal guideline for social media disclosure of intellectual capital to create harmony in disclosing information and to enhance the firms value through taking the advantages of social media in attracting the more talented employees and to maximise the customers and investors benefits.
  Keywords: intellectual capital; social media disclosure; Tobin’s Q; firm value.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJLIC.2020.10030664
   
  
• How to use your social capital to thrive in export markets? Identifying the dynamic capabilities developed through social capital by top exporters  
  by Hanieh Ghaderi, Hossein Rezaei Dolatabadi, Azarnoush Ansari 
  Abstract: Competing in international markets poses considerable challenges to companies and calls for special capabilities. The present study aims to identify dynamic organisational capabilities developed by external social capital that are, in turn, necessary for achieving success in export markets. Semi-structured interviews and thematic analysis have been utilised to collect and analyse data, respectively. 16 high-level and export marketing managers of top export companies operating in Isfahan province, Iran, have been purposefully selected based on data saturation in order to participate in the research. The findings indicate that participants rely more on their business networks to develop dynamic capabilities. Moreover, thematic analysis has resulted in the extraction of 28 components in relation to dynamic capabilities which are categorised into five sub-themes. The identified sub-themes include export market exploration and exploitation, dynamic research and development, export entrepreneurial orientation and manufacturing flexibility. The sub-themes have been classified into two broad themes comprising explorative and exploitative dynamic capabilities.
  Keywords: external social capital; institutional network; business network; dynamic capability; export; export market exploration; export market exploitation; export entrepreneurial orientation; thematic analysis.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJLIC.2020.10030784
   
  
• Developing graduate attributes through multiple intelligence theory  
  by Neeta Baporikar, Michael Sony 
  Abstract: Education today means more to acquiring the requisite competencies and skills so that the students are capable latter to work in different cultures and contexts. Mere knowledge and grades are not going to be sufficient for success and impact. Higher education, in particular, must ensure that the students acquire the right attributes. Further, linear approaches to developing nor measuring attributes may also not be enough for long-term success. This is where the theory of multiple intelligence (MI) is relevant as at its historical origin, intelligence tests described and predicted those who would be successful. This theory explains and deals with nine different kinds of intelligence, each independent of the other. Yet, until now, a better understanding of MI theory and its relationship between the acquisition of graduate and professional attributes is missing including how this can facilitate students to develop the right attributes. Hence, through critical analysis of extant literature, focusing on university students in Namibia, the aim of this paper is to explore the development of graduate attributes through MI theory.
  Keywords: education; development; intelligence; knowledge; students; study; university.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJLIC.2020.10031708
   
  
• Human capital in a training programme  
  by Oraya Wisawapaisarn, Pitipong Yodmongkol 
  Abstract: This research proposed an approach, variables, and formula for measuring human capital in a training programme in a monetary value within an organisation that implemented an electronic trial master file (eTMF). The participants comprised 25 employees in the programme, which had three phases. The required variables included the cost of the training, salary, hours utilised in the programme, and percentage of time spent on the eTMF. The proportion of the competency and performance was collected and calculated based on the proposed approach and formula. The results provided the human capital in the programme in monetary values comprising the investments and benefits, which most values were intangible. Contrastingly, investments were the training and opportunity costs, and the benefits were value-added in the competencies and performances required for the eTMF. This case could determine the human capital and evaluate the effectiveness of the programme by comparing the investments and benefits.
  Keywords: intellectual capital; human capital; human capital accounting; human development; training programme; electronic trial master file; eTMF.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJLIC.2020.10031781
   
  
• Intellectual capital and financial performance: evidence from Portuguese banks  
  by Elisabete Neves, Catarina Proença 
  Abstract: This work has as the main goal to measure the intellectual capital and to analyse its relationship with the financial performance for 12 Portuguese banks between 2009 and 2016. To achieve this aim, we have used a panels dynamic models, where the value-added intellectual coefficient (VAIC) model measures the intellectual capital, allowing to conclude that this capital and its components human, structural and relational influence the three proxies used for financial performance return on equity, return on assets and net interest margin. Our results point out that intellectual capital components influence the Portuguese banks performance, and for this reason should be a bet on future strategic decisions. Banks manage intellectual capital to improve their financial performance, achieving the goals of the interested parties.
  Keywords: intellectual capital; financial performance; Portuguese banks; GMM.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJLIC.2020.10031817
   
  
• Does work-life balance mediate the relationship between HR practices and affective organisational commitment? Perspective of a telecommunication industry in Indonesia  
  by Bachruddin Saleh Luturlean, Arif Partono Prasetio, Grisna Anggadwita, Faisal Hanura 
  Abstract: This study investigates the moderating role of work-life balance in the relationship between HR practices and affective organisational commitment. This study uses a quantitative method with a survey approach. Questionnaires were distributed to employees working in the telecommunications industry in Indonesia using random sampling techniques. A total of 363 respondents participated in filling out the questionnaire. This study found a significant effect of HR practices on work-life balance and affective organisational commitment of employees in the telecommunications industry. In addition, work-life balance has been proven to mediate the relationship between HR practices and affective organisational commitment. Research findings show that the telecommunications industry has maintained and improved effective HR practices to help employees achieve work-life balance. A conducive and supportive work environment will be embedded in an individuals mindset, thus they feel a stronger emotional attachment to the organisation. The implications of this study will be discussed further.
  Keywords: HR practices; work-life balance; affective organisational commitment; telecommunication industry.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJLIC.2020.10031821
   
  
• Partnership between the employer and the staff as a vital factor for knowledge sharing  
  by Petra Benyahya, Jana Matošková 
  Abstract: Intra-organisational knowledge sharing has a significant influence on performance of organisations. Some researchers point out that knowledge sharing can be facilitated by organisational culture. This study examined which characteristics of organisational culture have positive impacts on knowledge sharing. A quantitative research with opinion-based questionnaires was applied. The findings indicated so-called knowledge sharing culture had a significant positive effect on the extent of knowledge sharing in the organisation. Four dimensions of knowledge sharing culture were suggested: partnership between the employer and the staff, cooperation among employees, user-friendliness of the used information system, and employees organisational commitment. All of them were moderate-significantly related to knowledge sharing. However, only partnership between the employer and the staff predicted knowledge sharing in the organisation. The results indicate that in the process of building knowledge sharing culture, partnership with the staff including support for employees from management, fairness and communication is essential.
  Keywords: knowledge sharing; organisational culture; corporate culture; information exchange; knowledge sharing culture; partnership; Czech Republic.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJLIC.2020.10031929
   
  
• Impact of diversity management on citizenship behaviour: the mediating role of human resources management  
  by Dina Youssef, Oualid Abidi, Halil Zaim, Yavuz Keceli, Vladimir Dzenopoljac 
  Abstract: This study attempts to prove the existence of a positive impact of diversity management (DM) practices on organisational citizenship behaviour (OCB), together with the mediating role of human resources management (HRM). In order to test this assumption, an empirical model was developed using data collected from companies in the service sector operating in Kuwait. A structural equation model was constructed to analyse data via the lavaan and psych packages in R, using R version 3.4.2 and RStudio version 1.0.153. Data analysis indicates that DM implementations are positively correlated with HRM. Moreover, the research findings provide empirical evidence regarding the positive effects of DM on OCB and the mediating role of HRM in this relationship.
  Keywords: diversity management; organisational citizenship behaviour; human resources management; structural equation modelling; Kuwait private sector.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJLIC.2020.10031933
   
  
• Intellectual capital and intellectual imperatives of higher education sector: an emerging economy perspective  
  by Niti Chatterji, Ravi Kiran 
  Abstract: One in every four graduates of the world will be the product of Indian higher education system by the year 2030. Against the backdrop of the report issued by Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce & Industry (FICCI), this study aims to explore the effect of university intellectual capital on intellectual imperatives of the Indian higher education. Structural equation modelling was tested on 590 university faculty members to gauge the influence of university intellectual capital on the intellectual imperatives of the higher education sector identified in the report. Results revealed that intellectual capital strongly influences intellectual imperatives. Research conducive policies, employee-oriented practices, equal employment opportunities, stakeholder orientation and networking emerged as the earmarks of university intellectual capital. The study has international implications and provides policymakers and practitioners a feasible model to leverage university intellectual capital to create a situation conducive to enhance university performance.
  Keywords: intellectual capital; human capital; organisational capital; relational capital; intellectual imperatives.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJLIC.2020.10032226
   
  
• The role of green intellectual capital and green innovation on competitive advantage of SMEs  
  by Sri Anik, Heru Sulistyo 
  Abstract: This study holistically tested the competitive advantage between the resource-based view approach and the green concept in products and processes (green innovation), especially in SMEs. The sample used was 100 SMEs actors in Indonesia, with a proportional sampling method. This study proved that the competitive advantage of SMEs in Indonesia can be reached by increasing intellectual capital, environmental ethics and green innovation holistically. The ability of companies to manage environmentally oriented human resources in their operating systems will improve the performance of SMEs and can further create competitive advantage.
  Keywords: intellectual capital; environmental ethics; green innovation; competitive advantage.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJLIC.2020.10032392
   
  
• The development and validation of human capital measurement model using factor analysis, case study: Agriculture Bank  
  by Zahra Mojallal, Mohammad Saleh Owlia, Kosar Roshani 
  Abstract: This paper reports on a research aimed at designing a measurement model for human capital (HC) as the most important component of intellectual capital (IC). The primary model of the research was developed based on an extensive review of past studies and was tested in Agriculture Bank of Iran. Construct validity of the model was evaluated using confirmatory factor analysis and its content validity was approved by the experts. The results showed, after some modification, the proposed model was valid. The model was used for measuring the value of HC in different dimensions as well as analysing the results using importance-performance technique. The findings confirmed the need for HC and its alignment with the human resource development (HRD).
  Keywords: intellectual capital; human capital; human resource development; HRD; confirmatory factor analysis; CFA.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJLIC.2020.10033480