International Journal of Learning and Intellectual Capital (10 papers in press)

Regular Issues

• Intellectual capital management and organisational performance of small and medium enterprises in Oyo State, Nigeria  
  by Funmilola Omotayo, Ojinga Gideon Omiunu 
  Abstract: The paper investigates the influence of intellectual capital (IC) on operational and financial performance of small and medium scale enterprises (SMEs) in Oyo State, Nigeria. Questionnaire was used to collect data from 210 SMEs owners. The conceptual model and relationships among independent and dependent variables were tested by partial least squares-structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM), using SmartPLS3. The study found no significance relationship between the IC components (human capital, structural capital and relational capital) and performance of the SMEs. However, a significant relationship was observed when the variables were jointly considered. The study provides SMEs owners the awareness on the need to manage their IC effectively and efficiently in order to maximise long-term profitability and competitiveness, and also offers insightful implications to academics and practitioners on the importance of IC components on Nigerian SMEs performance.
  Keywords: intellectual capital; organisation performance; small and medium enterprises; Nigeria.
  
  
• The Board Monitoring Committees: An Intellectual Capital Perspective  
  by Fekri Shawtari 
  Abstract: The paper examines the intensity of monitoring at Malaysian Stock Market and its influence on intellectual capital Efficiency, namely human capital and structural capital and explores the impact of boards monitoring on the market performance of firms and whether an active monitoring may moderate the influence of ICE on value of firms. The paper adopts ordinary least square and quantile regression techniques to test the objectives of study. The empirical evidence reports a variation in the results between the estimation of both econometrics techniques. In brief, our reported findings indicate that as the board increases its monitoring activities, the ICE of the firms is not affected. Also, the influence of the intense monitoring on market valuation is more apparent and obvious in small and medium corporations. This study contributes to current debate by providing a further understanding of the relationship between the ICE, firm valuation and intensity of monitoring.
  Keywords: ICE; intellectual capital efficiency; intensity of monitoring; firm value; quantile regression.
  
  
• Discovering and Explaining a Model of Compensation System: A Case Study of the Staff Working in a Selected Public University  
  by Amjad Ozma, Saeed Jafarinia, Akbar Hassanpoor, Mehdi Kheirandish 
  Abstract: This study aimed at discovering and explaining the model of compensation system for the staff working in a selected public university in Iran. In this study, all staff and faculty members of the university were considered as the statistical population. The sample size was determined using Cochran formula and the subjects were randomly selected. A total of 177 questionnaires were completed and 15 incomplete questionnaires were excluded. The questionnaire was designed based on theoretical foundations and characteristics of the human resources management system of the studied university, and then confirmed by the experts in the field of human resource. the collected data were analysed using the SEM with Smart-PLS software and the compensation factors were ranked using the effect size evaluation method (f2). Based on the results, this study identified 31 components, categorized in four dimensions of compensation, including financial-membership dimension, financial-performance dimension, non-financial-environment dimension, and non-financial-job dimension.
  Keywords: compensation for services; financial-membership dimension; financial-performance dimension; non-financial-environment dimension;non-financial-job dimension.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJLIC.2019.10020720
   
  
• Performance of intellectual capital during pre and post crisis: A study of S&P CNX 500 companies  
  by Sushila Soriya 
  Abstract: The study is carried out to examine the relationship of intellectual capital components with market performance measured by Tobins q, market to book value and earning per share in India. Research sample consists of listed companies under S&P CNX 500 Index. Time period has been divided into two major segments as pre and post crisis period. Results implied that CEE was not significantly associated with any of the market valuation performance in both pre and post crisis period. Human capital was negatively associated with the Tobins q and MB although it is not explaining EPS of the firms. Advertisement and research and development was positively associated with Tobins q and MB but not positively related with EPS. Increasing consciousness about intellectual capital is not replicated in the market performance of the companies. Present study tries to aware the academicians and managers about the association of intellectual capital and market performance of the companies.
  Keywords: intellectual capital; Tobin’s q; market valuation; India; firm performance.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJLIC.2019.10021793
   
  
• Identification of Effective Key Factors on Organizational Unlearning: A Grounded Theory  
  by Mahdieh Amani, Ali Shirazi, Alireza Khorakian, Gholamreza Malekzadeh 
  Abstract: The present study aims to develop a practical model for identifying effective key factors on unlearning of the North Khorasan province farmers in order to replace the traditional irrigation system with modern irrigation system. The study is based on grounded theory and theoretical sampling, 17 interviews were done with the farmers and experts of the Department of Education of Agriculture Jihad Organization until reaching theoretical saturation. Analyses carried out through continuous comparison showed 300 codes, 42 concepts and 6 categories in actual and theoretical coding process, which led to emergence of a final model focused on the core category, called organisational memory recovery. In conclusion, this study presents effective variables on unlearning about agricultural activities, particularly replacement of traditional irrigation methods with modern methods for optimal utilisation of water resources in the form of a model with an emergent approach. This study develops the first native model of organisational unlearning.
  Keywords: organisational unlearning; grounded theory; emergent approach.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJLIC.2019.10021865
   
  
• On the relationship between intellectual capital and service SME survival and growth: a dynamic panel data analysis  
  by Filipe Sardo, Zélia Serrasqueiro 
  Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to analyse the relationships between intellectual capital components, i.e., human capital, structural capital and relational capital and growth of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). Using data for two sub-samples of Portuguese SMEs, belonging to the service (6192 SMEs) and manufacturing (5977 SMEs) industries, this study resorts to Heckman two-step estimation method and dynamic panel data models. The findings suggest that all the components of intellectual capital, i.e., human capital, structural capital and relational capital are positively related to the service and manufacturing SME growth. Also, the inter-relationships between intellectual capital components, measured by the interaction variables human capital*structural capital, human capital*relational capital, structural capital*relational capital are positively related to SME growth. The results obtained highlight the importance of intellectual capital and the inter-relationships between its components for the service and manufacturing SME survival and growth.
  Keywords: intellectual capital; growth; manufacturing; service; SMEs; small and medium-sized enterprises; survival.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJLIC.2019.10018117
   
  
• Evaluation of the impact of information technology capital and intellectual capital on future returns of companies in the capital market  
  by Keivan Zeinali, Fatemeh Haghverdi Zadeh, Seyed Hasan Hosseini 
  Abstract: This study evaluates the relationship between information technology capital, organisational capital, relational capital and innovation capital and the company's future returns on capital markets. The research method is applied and the used statistical method is regression model of ordinary least squares (OLS). The statistical sample included 50 companies operating in the capital market from 2009 to 2013. The results of the research hypothesis test indicate that with increasing the level of information technology capital and intellectual capital subsets, including organisational capital, relational capital and innovation capital, future returns of the companies also increase. The results of the research also showed that information technology capital played the most important role in the future returns of the companies, and among the subsets of the intellectual capital, the relational capital had the greater impact on future returns.
  Keywords: stock returns; information technology; relational capital; innovation capital; organisational capital.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJLIC.2019.10018850
   
  
• IPO prospectus: exploring the expectation gap on intellectual capital information  
  by Shaw Warn Too, Chee Kwong Lau, Wei Qi Kek 
  Abstract: This study explores the preparers' and users' views on the decision usefulness of intellectual capital (IC) information in the prospectuses of firms undergoing listing for the first time ('IPO firms') in the Malaysian securities market. In addition, the categories of IC information (i.e., external, internal and human capital) in relation to specific industry sectors are considered. Questionnaire survey forms were distributed to 126 respondents who comprised preparers and users of initial public offering (IPO) prospectuses. Both parties considered IC information as useful for decision-making and external capital was considered the most important category of disclosure. Preparers were willing to supply IC information in the prospectus and users indicated that they intended to use it for decision-making. However, there was a major mismatch in the supply and demand of IC information by category in IPO issues in some industry sectors suggesting the existence of an information asymmetry gap between preparers and users.
  Keywords: intellectual capital; external capital; internal capital; human capital; IPO; initial public offering; prospectus; Malaysia; perceptions; information gap.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJLIC.2019.10018119
   
  
• Addressing protean and boundary-crossing working orientations: turning point in talent phenomena management  
  by Elaheh Kimia, Sayyed Mohsen Allameh, Reza Hemmati 
  Abstract: This paper represents an elaborative framework of protean and boundary-crossing careers path which revealed along discovering basic categories for a joint perspective around tensions in talent literature. With applying Glaserian approach of Grounded Theory, semi-structured interviews were conducted concerning elites' attitudes, orientations, and behaviours towards protean and boundary-crossing working activities and the infrastructures of their organisational operationalisation. Qualitative analysis unfolds an interactive family of theoretical coding around job transition as a basic social structural process (BSSP). The findings determines how physical movements act as a medium elites employ to prepare a context for their protean movements aligning with psychological ones which constitute nesting paths evolving around role transitions due to job improvements. These inferred employability movements posits as elites' proactive adaptability behaviours for securing employability by acquiring movement capital through life-designing trajectories activities. Finally, operational solutions are proposed to cultivate talent phenomena by facilitating elites' employability behaviours across the organisation.
  Keywords: tangible/intangible; physical/psychological; self-directed/value-driven movements; behaviour/value orientation; boundary-crossing/protean employability radius; talent management.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJLIC.2019.10019525
   
  
• Effective leadership in successful implementation of change plans in auto part manufacturers: a content analysis  
  by Hoda Jannesar Ahmadi, Ali Shirazi, Fariborz Rahimnia, Alireza Khorakian 
  Abstract: The high rate of failure in organisational change plans has attracted the attention of many researchers towards identifying and developing factors which influence organisational change success. There is a clear and growing evidence that the role of leaders in process of organisational change has a significant effect on success, and their actions and behaviours directly influence the actions that enable change in the workplace. There is no agreement in the existing literature on aspects of leadership which are essential for success of change. The present study tends to find out the actions taken by organisational leaders to implement the change plans successfully. Data analysis uses content analysis strategy and MAXQDA software. Findings indicate that the actions taken by leaders for successful implementation of change plans in the organisation are changed in two organisational and human dimensions and involve 15 categories.
  Keywords: leadership; organisational change; auto part manufacturing; content analysis.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJLIC.2019.10019667