International Journal of Exergy (11 papers in press)

Regular Issues

• Energetic and Exergetic Assessments of a Cement Clinker Cooler Integrated Poly-Generation Plant  
  by Faizan Khalid, Mohd Parvez, Shiv Lal, Osama Khan, Mohammad Uzair 
  Abstract: This study proposes a novel cooling method for white cement clinkers, using nitrogen and carbon dioxide as alternatives to conventional water cooling. The use of nitrogen enables recycling, while hot nitrogen can serve additional purposes, addressing water wastage in the clinker cooling process. Carbon dioxide's potential in cooling clinkers at 1,4001,450
  Keywords: Poly-generation; Vapor compression cooling cycle; Rankine cycle; Hydrogen; Freshwater.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJEX.2025.10070500
   
  
• Exergetic Energy Management of Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles using Tasmanian Devil Optimisation and Recalling Recurrent Neural Network Algorithm  
  by Elango Kannan, Senguttuvan Kannan, Saravanan Kaliyaperumal 
  Abstract: This paper presents an Energy Management Strategy (EMS) for Electric and Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles (EMFCEV) using a novel TDO-RERNN approach, integrating Tasmanian Devil Optimization (TDO) and Recalling Recurrent Neural Network (RERNN) algorithms. The study focuses on identifying driving conditions, calculating fuel cell output, classifying battery state of charge (SoC), and optimizing power distribution among energy storage systems (ESS). Implemented and evaluated on the MATLAB platform, the proposed method demonstrates improved performance over existing methodologies, offering significant enhancements in vehicle energy efficiency and fuel consumption reduction.The TDO-RERNN approach achieves a notable 99% accuracy in predicting and optimising energy usage and distribution in FCEVs
  Keywords: Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell; Energy Storage Systems; and Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJEX.2025.10070543
   
  
• Energy and Exergy Analyses of Pressurised Water Reactors and A New Model of U-Tube Steam Generators  
  by Huseyin Emre Sahin, Harun Kemal Ozturk 
  Abstract: Energy and exergy analyses have been performed for thermodynamic performance analysis for Pressurized Water Reactors (PWR) and a new model of U-Tube Steam Generators (UTSG). Exergy destruction and efficiency have been obtained and compared for each component of typical PWR and all nodes of the developed UTSG model. Changes in primary inlet flow rate, feedwater inlet temperature, primary inlet temperature and U-tubes diameter ratio have been investigated and the response of the generator has been presented with the developed model. In PWR analysis, most exergy destruction rate has been in reactor (61.80%), condenser (14.27%) and turbines (8.28%). In UTSG analysis, exergy destruction rate has been greater in downcomer (47.72%) and boiling region nodes.
  Keywords: Exergy; Pressurized Water Reactors; U-Tube Steam Generators;Two-phase Heat Exchangers.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJEX.2025.10071281
   
  
• Exergy and Energy Analysis of a Solid Oxide Fuel Cell-Gas Turbine-Supercritical CO2 Hybrid System: Economic and Environmental Assessment  
  by Divya Tiwari, Pushpraj Singh, Abhay Agrawal, Prashant Singh Chauhan 
  Abstract: As global energy demand rises due to population growth and industrialisation, efficient power generation is essential. This study develops a hybrid power system integrating a supercritical CO2 (sCO2) cycle, solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC), and gas turbine (GT). Using computational analysis, the systems energy, exergoeconomic, and environmental performance was evaluated. Results showed a 7.19% increase in efficiency and power output compared to the conventional SOFC-GT system, with a 7.39% reduction in CO2 emissions. Despite a 2.17% cost enhance, the hybrid system offers superior efficiency and sustainability. Overall, proposed hybrid system offers enhanced efficiency and environmental benefits over traditional configurations.
  Keywords: Gas turbine; Supercritical CO2 cycle; Hybrid plant; Thermo-economic analysis; CO2 emission analysis; Solid oxide fuel cell.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJEX.2025.10071468
   
  
• Development and Exergy Analysis of a Newly Designed Tower-Solar Collector based Combined Cooling-Desalination System  
  by Tawfiq Al-Mughanam 
  Abstract: This study focuses on the proposal and analysis of a new solar tower-based cogeneration system where reverse osmosis (RO) unit is connected to Kalina cycle which combines internally with absorption refrigeration cycle (ARC) aiming to produce cooling and fresh water, simultaneously. System modelling was done in EES software based on mass, energy, and exergy equations. Analysis of the results revealed that cogeneration plant yield efficiencies of 44.54% energetically and 25.81% exergetically. The results further indicated that 23.14% of the total exergy destruction occurs in central receiver. The results provide important inferences about the exergetic performance of solar-based cooling-desalination cycle.
  Keywords: Central receiver; Helically coiled tubes; Kalina cycle; Reverse osmosis; Exergy.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJEX.2025.10071546
   
  
• Energy and Exergy Analysis of Air Conditioning System with Air-Cooled and Evaporative Cooled Condenser: a Comparative Approach  
  by R. S. N. Sahai, Umais Momin 
  Abstract: This study compares the energy and exergy performance of air-conditioning systems with air-cooled condensers and evaporative-cooled condensers using cellulose, banana fibre, jute, and cotton-thread as cooling pads under varying ambient temperatures. The air-conditioning systems with evaporative-cooled condensers using a cellulose pad showed the highest COP increase upto 27.27% and lowest total exergy destruction upto 1.139 kW, achieving an exergetic efficiency range of 24.456% to 19.87%, highlighting its superior thermodynamic performance. In both systems, the condenser was the least efficient component, with the highest efficiency defect at 42.8% in the air-cooled condenser, reduced to 35% using evaporative-cooled condenser with cellulose pad.
  Keywords: air conditioning system; energy; exergy; evaporative cooling; evaporative cool condenser; evaporative cooling pad material.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJEX.2025.10071825
   
  
• Exergo-economic assessment of an improved combined flash-binary geothermal cycle for hydrogen and desalinated water production  
  by Mohammad Ali Sabbaghi 
  Abstract: This study proposes a combined flash-binary cycle to generate power, hydrogen, and desalinated water from geothermal wells, employing a supercritical CO₂ (SCO₂) cycle, which is improved by a thermoelectric generator (TEG). The proposed cycle underwent analysis from energy, exergy, and economic perspectives using real data from existing geothermal wells. Results indicate energy and exergy efficiencies of 14.71% and 38.59%, respectively, with the capability of producing 0.003698 kg/s of hydrogen and 133 kg/s of desalinated water. Thermo-economic analysis reveals production costs of $3.45/kg for hydrogen and 39.7 cents/m³ for desalinated water, outperforming previous studies.
  Keywords: geothermal; supercritical CO₂ cycle; hydrogen; desalinated water; thermo-economic; thermoelectric generator.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJEX.2025.10068994
   
  
• Experimental investigation on energy and exergy analyses of an industrial biomass power generation plant  
  by Anil Badem, Hayati Olgun, Arif Hepbasli 
  Abstract: This study employs a real-time operational dataset and engineering equation solver simulations to analyse an industrial biomass power plant in Çay, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey. The boiler exhibited the highest exergy destruction (64%), followed by the turbine (13%), the low-pressure heater (10%), and the condenser (8%). The energy and exergy efficiencies were 27% and 26% (lower heating value) and 15% and 14% (higher heating value), respectively. The components' exergy destruction rates were affected by fuel blend and ambient conditions while the overall cycle efficiency remained stable. These findings align with previous studies, offering insights for enhancing biomass power plant efficiency.
  Keywords: biomass; energy and exergy analyses; power generation; sustainable energy production.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJEX.2025.10069712
   
  
• Energy and exergy analyses of a novel hybrid active winter heating system  
  by Amit Shrivastava, Manoj Kumar Gaur 
  Abstract: A novel hybrid active winter heating system (HAWHS) equipped with an evacuated tube solar collector has been developed for space heating. The energy balance of the faculty room air, the evacuated tube collector, and the heat exchanger is determined using the first law of thermodynamics. Additionally, an exergy balance analysis is performed to estimate heat losses through the heating system more accurately. The average exergy efficiency of the system is 7.84%, with a corresponding sustainability index of 1.085. The maximum thermal efficiency achieved by the setup is 34.15%.
  Keywords: winter heating system; energy balance; exergy balance; cross flow heat exchanger.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJEX.2025.10069709
   
  
• Exergy-energy, economic and environmental evaluations of a solid oxide fuel cell based trigeneration system  
  by Yunis Khan, Pawan Kumar Singh, Aftab Anjum, K.K. Sivakumar, Shikha Gupta, Subhash Mishra 
  Abstract: This work proposes a trigeneration system based on a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) for power generation, steam production, and cooling effects. The results show that energy, exergy efficiency, and total cost of the trigeneration plant were enhanced by 36.51%, 4.14%, and 1.76%, respectively, as compared to the conventional SOFC-based gas turbine plant. However, the CO₂ emission per MWh of output energy was reduced by 26.73%. Additionally, cooling effects of 100 kW were obtained at 5°C for general-purpose applications, and heating effects of 101.4 kW were obtained by generating saturated steam through a heat recovery steam generator.
  Keywords: solid oxide fuel cell; gas turbine; hybrid system; trigeneration system; double effect vapour absorption system; heat recovery steam generation system.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJEX.2025.10069845
   
  
• Exergy and economic analysis of direct contact membrane distillation assisted by solar vapour absorption refrigeration system  
  by Emad Ali 
  Abstract: The integration of membrane distillation (MD) with solar-assisted vapour absorption refrigeration (VAR) is investigated. The MD circulation rate showed a negative impact on irreversibility up to a flow rate of 600 kg/h after which the exergy losses reduced gradually. At a feed flow rate of 600 kg/h, a maximum irreversibility of 5.9 kW and a minimum exergy efficiency of 34.2% are obtained. The enlargement of the solar collector area typified considerable adverse influence on the destroyed work. However, the exergy efficiency exhibits a minimum of 46% at A_c = 60 m² afterward a continuous improvement is observed. Economic analysis delineates that the levelised water cost can be reduced to 8 $/m³ using the hybrid system.
  Keywords: water desalination; membrane distillation; solar energy; absorption chiller; exergy; economics; vapour absorption refrigeration; VAR.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJEX.2025.10070397