Title: CO₂ emission, oil consumption and production, economic growth in MENAP countries: ARDL and ANOVA methods

Authors: Melike E. Bildirici

Addresses: Department of Economics, Yildiz Technical University, Yildiz, Istanbul, Turkey

Abstract: This paper examines the relationship between oil consumption, oil production, CO₂ consumption and economic growth in MENAP countries, using the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) bounds testing approach, Toda and Yamamotos' non-causality and ANOVA methods. According to our results, oil consumption has a positive impact on economic growth in Qatar and Saudi Arabia both in the short-run and the long-run, but only in the long-run in Lebanon and Tunisia. Toda and Yamamoto causality results show evidence of a unidirectional causality relationship from GDP to CO₂ emissions for Bahrain, Egypt, Morocco, Oman, Syria and Tunisia; a unidirectional causality relationship from CO₂ emissions to GDP for Pakistan and Yemen; and a bi-directional causality relationship for Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon and Qatar. The evidence of bi-directional causality between GDP and oil production was obtained for Algeria, Bahrain, Iran, Egypt, Kuwait, Libya, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, UAE, Oman and Syria. [Received: February 8, 2015; Accepted: September 22, 2015]

Keywords: economic growth; oil consumption; oil production; CO2; carbon dioxide; carbon emissions; ANOVA; autoregressive distributed lag; ARDL; Toda and Yamamoto causality; MENAP countries; Johansen cointegration test; Morocco; Syria; Tunisia; Pakistan; Yemen; Jordan; Lebanon; Algeria; Bahrain; Iran; Egypt; Kuwait; Libya; Oman; Qatar; Saudi Arabia; UAE; United Arab Emirates.

DOI: 10.1504/IJOGCT.2017.082042

International Journal of Oil, Gas and Coal Technology, 2017 Vol.14 No.3, pp.264 - 302

Received: 08 Feb 2015
Accepted: 22 Sep 2015
Published online: 06 Feb 2017 *

Full-text access for editors Full-text access for subscribers Purchase this article Comment on this article