Title: Optimisation of vehicle population and reduction of CO₂ emission

Authors: Huajun Tang; Chuan Pang; Chi To Ng

Addresses: Macau University of Science and Technology, A412, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macau ' Macau University of Science and Technology, A423, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macau ' The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, M618, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong

Abstract: This paper aims to reduce the population and CO₂ emission of the free shuttle bus (FSB) in Macau. Firstly, we investigate the operational conditions of the FSBs among the 15 casinos in Macau, including the transit time of FSBs and the number of visitors. Then we build a series of integer programming models to optimise the population of FSBs with a reduction of 49.4%. Finally, based on the reduction result of the vehicle population, we conclude that the CO₂ emission of FSBs could be reduced by 60.4% with the present service level.

Keywords: vehicle scheduling; vehicle population; emissions reduction; optimisation; free shuttle buses; FSB; CO2; carbon dioxide; carbon emissions; vehicle emissions; Macau; transit time; visitor numbers; integer programming; modelling; service levels.

DOI: 10.1504/IJSTL.2014.062894

International Journal of Shipping and Transport Logistics, 2014 Vol.6 No.4, pp.412 - 421

Received: 16 Mar 2012
Accepted: 06 Feb 2013
Published online: 24 Jul 2014 *

Full-text access for editors Full-text access for subscribers Purchase this article Comment on this article