Title: Applications of Metaverse in education: a systematic literature review

Authors: Qian Huang; Qiyun Wang

Addresses: Lee Kuan Yew Centre for Innovative Cities, Singapore University of Technology and Design, 8 Somapah Rd., 487372, Singapore ' National Institute of Education, Center for Research and Development in Learning (CRADLE), Nanyang Technological University, 1 Nanyang Walk, 637616, Singapore

Abstract: The utilisation of Metaverse in education has expanded considerably. This study synthesises insights from 40 empirical research yielding several conclusions. Firstly, educators have turned to Metaverse for its capacity to create an authentic, immersive, and safe learning environment. Secondly, Metaverse has multiple educational benefits: in the learning process, learners are emotionally enjoyable and excited; cognitively, they are more capable of analysing and perceiving new concepts; and behaviourally, they are more engaged and motivated. In terms of learning outcomes, learners' understanding of concepts and knowledge is enhanced; their skills in interacting and collaborating as well as their imagination skill are improved; learners' self-efficacy and their motivation to learn are strengthened. Conversely, this review identifies challenges associated with Metaverse education. Learners face increased demands for IT infrastructure and experience a disconnection between their Metaverse avatars and real-world identities. Instructors are required to undertake technical preparations and adapt to new pedagogical methods.

Keywords: Metaverse; online learning; strategies; technology.

DOI: 10.1504/IJSMILE.2025.150140

International Journal of Social Media and Interactive Learning Environments, 2025 Vol.7 No.2, pp.181 - 195

Received: 29 Apr 2024
Accepted: 09 Sep 2024
Published online: 01 Dec 2025 *

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