Title: HERO in e-learning: the role of AI in strengthening psychological capital

Authors: R. Manigandan; Sabale Anjali; H. Shayrine; A. Rajeswari; V. Sasirekha

Addresses: Faculty of Management, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Vadapalani Campus, Chennai, India ' Dr. D.Y. Patil Institute of Management Studies, Akurdi, Pune, Maharastra, India ' VIT Business School, VIT University, Vellore, Tamilnadu, India ' VIT Business School, VIT University, Vellore, Tamilnadu, India ' Faculty of Management, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Vadapalani Campus, Chennai, Tamilanadu, India

Abstract: Drawing upon social cognitive theory, this study examines the impact of artificial intelligence (AI) as a digital companion on psychological capital (PsyCap) - characterised by the HERO framework (hope, efficacy, resilience, optimism) - in e-learning setting. This study examines how AI-driven interactions can improve learners' psychological capital (PsyCap). Using a quantitative research design, this study analysed survey data obtained from a sample of 550 e-learners across several AI-enhanced e-learning platforms in business using partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM). This study results demonstrated that engagement with AI as a digital companion has a significant and positive effect on the PsyCap of e-learners. E-learning emerged as a critical mediating variable, with its proper integration into AI platforms amplifying the positive outcomes on learners' psychological resources. This research adds a novel perspective to the field of e-learning and AI in industry by empirically investigating the mediating role of e-learning in the relationship between AI engagement and PsyCap development.

Keywords: psychological capital; PsyCap; artificial intelligence; e-learning; HERO framework; organisation development.

DOI: 10.1504/IJLC.2025.148009

International Journal of Learning and Change, 2025 Vol.17 No.3, pp.251 - 280

Received: 03 Feb 2025
Accepted: 12 Mar 2025
Published online: 13 Aug 2025 *

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