Title: Comparison between variable forcing techniques of the lattice Boltzmann method for turbulent flow simulations

Authors: Waleed Abdel Kareem; Hadeer Mohamed

Addresses: Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Faculty of Science, Suez University, Suez 43518, Egypt; Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, 101 Al Kasr El Aini, Cairo, Egypt ' Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Faculty of Science, Suez University, Suez 43518, Egypt

Abstract: A comparison between different forcing techniques of the lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) is carried out for isotropic turbulence with resolutions of 128³ and 256³, respectively. Four forcing techniques are investigated with the lattice Boltzmann D3Q19 model. Few forcing methods were suggested to add a force term to the lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) but they are neither tested nor compared for box turbulence. The first technique is performed by adding the constant force randomly to the collision term. The second is depending on shifting the velocity field. The third technique is achieved by adding the force to the collision term with shifting the velocity field. The fourth technique considered the discrete lattice effects where a forcing function with consistent moments of the hydrodynamics equations is added to the collision operator with shifting the velocity field. Results show that the obtained turbulent velocity fields yield universal characteristics similar to previous studies.

Keywords: homogeneous isotropic turbulence; HIT; lattice Boltzmann method; LBM; tube-like vortices; variable forcing techniques.

DOI: 10.1504/PCFD.2023.134893

Progress in Computational Fluid Dynamics, An International Journal, 2023 Vol.23 No.6, pp.327 - 337

Received: 05 May 2022
Accepted: 20 Jun 2022
Published online: 16 Nov 2023 *

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