Title: The potentials of virtualisation readiness in language laboratories: the case of Iranian context

Authors: Sayed Hadi Sadeghi

Addresses: Supreme National Defense University, After Shahid Bagheri Overpass, Shahid Babaee EXP. (East to West), Tehran, Iran

Abstract: Human-machine interactions are increasingly important in monitoring and modifying virtual practices in learning laboratories. This study scrutinises the virtualisation readiness in an Iranian language learning laboratories (ILLLs) vis-à-vis the existing culture and technology use particularly digital transformation. The participants were 209 individuals comprising students, experts and teachers all engaging in virtualisation practice (v-practice). The v-practice questionnaire was validated and used to collect the data based on a five-point Likert scale across the five sub-components of infrastructure, virtual platforms, accessibility, reusability and interface design, followed by one-way ANOVA and LSD post hoc tests. The results indicated that v-practice at the ILLL was generally positive. However, they revealed a gap between the knowledge/culture and the technological tools: a lack or deficiency in tech culture in this or any other transit hub may reduce the functional efficiency of many operations.

Keywords: virtualisation; virtualisation readiness; v-practice; virtualisation practice; digital transformation; language labs; Iranian language learning laboratory; ILLL; Iran.

DOI: 10.1504/IJLT.2026.154932

International Journal of Learning Technology, 2026 Vol.21 No.2, pp.186 - 209

Received: 18 Dec 2023
Accepted: 10 Jun 2024
Published online: 20 Jul 2026 *

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