International Journal of Environmental Technology and Management (22 papers in press)

Special Issue on: Environmental Change Management with Advanced Technologies - Part 2

• Prediction method of change trend of energy carbon emission intensity based on time series analysis  
  by Yingjie Zhang, Dongyuan Zhao 
  Abstract: Aiming at the problems of low prediction accuracy and long prediction time in the traditional prediction methods for the change trend of energy carbon emission intensity, a prediction method for the change trend of energy carbon emission intensity based on time series analysis is proposed. First, estimate the energy carbon emission intensity factor by analysing the impact of each major factor on the energy carbon emission intensity, then decompose the energy carbon emission intensity factor with the help of the expanded Kaya identity, and then use the difference method to stabilise the non-stationary sequence of the decomposed intensity factors. Finally, use the ARIMA model of differential autoregressive moving average in the time series method to predict the change trend of energy carbon emission intensity. The simulation results show that the proposed method has higher accuracy and shorter prediction time in predicting the change trend of energy carbon emission intensity.
  Keywords: time series analysis; strong energy carbon emissions; strength change; trend prediction; differential autoregressive moving average model.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJETM.2023.10056130
   
  
• Monitoring method of crop growth environment in greenhouse based on embedded 5G communication technology  
  by Qiong-Pei Wang 
  Abstract: The wireless remote monitoring method of greenhouse crop growth environment monitoring has poor effect, and there are problems of low monitoring efficiency and comprehensive coefficient of monitoring results. The monitoring method of greenhouse crop growth environment based on embedded 5G communication technology is studied. First, we adopt the 5G communication technology embedded in crop growth environment monitoring to collect, store and transmit data. Then, we integrate the environmental data, and optimise the integration process with Grabbs criterion. Finally, through SOM network training data samples, wireless remote real-time monitoring environment based on training results is achieved. The experimental results show that the highest monitoring efficiency of this method is 98.3%, and the comprehensive coefficient of monitoring results reaches 0.93. This method effectively improves the detection effect.
  Keywords: embedded 5G communication technology; greenhouse; environmental monitoring; data fusion; SOM network.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJETM.2023.10056132
   
  
• Evaluation model of carbon emission efficiency of land intensive use based on SBM model  
  by Lianguang Mo 
  Abstract: The research goal is to solve the problems of low recall and precision, high relative error rate of index weight calculation and low evaluation accuracy in traditional models, an evaluation model of carbon emission efficiency of land intensive use based on SBM model was designed. Firstly, the LMDI model is used to decompose and screen the factors affecting the carbon emission efficiency of land intensive use. Then, build the evaluation index system and cluster the evaluation index data. Finally, according to the comprehensive weight of the evaluation indicators, calculate the degree of land intensive use, build the carbon emission efficiency evaluation model based on the SBM model, and get the relevant evaluation results. Experimental results show that the maximum recall rate of this model is 98.36%, the maximum precision rate is 98.74%, the relative error rate of index weight calculation is 0~2.1%, and the maximum evaluation accuracy rate is 97%.
  Keywords: SBM model; intensive land use; carbon emission efficiency evaluation; LMDI model; data clustering; comprehensive weight.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJETM.2023.10056133
   
  
• Research on spatial pattern recognition of landscape architecture based on multi-source remote sensing images  
  by Shujing Wang 
  Abstract: In order to overcome the low recall rate, peak signal-to-noise ratio and correct recognition rate of spatial pattern in traditional spatial pattern recognition methods, a landscape spatial pattern recognition method based on multi-source remote sensing images was proposed. First, we obtain multi-source remote sensing images of landscape architecture, use ORB algorithm to extract multi-source remote sensing image feature points, and fuse multi-source remote sensing images. Then, MSRCR algorithm is used to enhance the fused image, LOG edge detection operator is used to obtain the image edge, and MCR model is used to determine the landscape patch characteristics. Finally, the spatial pattern recognition model of landscape architecture is built, and the spatial pattern recognition results are obtained. The experimental results show that the maximum recall rate of this method is 97%, the maximum peak signal to noise ratio of image is 59.3 dB, and the correct recognition rate varies from 97% to 99%.
  Keywords: multi-source remote sensing image; landscape architecture; spatial pattern recognition; MSRCR algorithm; LOG edge detection calculation; MCR model.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJETM.2023.10056131
   
  
• An accounting method of REDD reduction of renewable energy based on power flow distribution matrix  
  by Wenwei Zhu, Baichong Pan, Qingcui Liu, Yanfeng Wang, Dao Shi 
  Abstract: To overcome the problems of inaccurate calculation results and long calculation time in traditional methods, the paper proposes a renewable energy carbon reduction calculation method based on power flow distribution matrix. First, we calculate the AC current of renewable energy system lines. Secondly, power flow distribution matrix is constructed to realise generation power allocation. Then, the REDD coefficient method is used to obtain the REDD before the use of renewable energy. We then build the objective function of REDD accounting, and solve the REDD results after the application of renewable energy. Finally, the difference between the REDD before and after use is calculated to obtain the final REDD reduction accounting results. The results show that the accuracy of this method can reach 99.6%, and the time consumption is only 25 s, indicating that this method can analyse the effect of REDD reduction.
  Keywords: power flow distribution matrix; AC current; renewable energy; REDD reduction; AC current.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJETM.2023.10057680
   
  
• Greenhouse heating efficiency through soap bubble insulation  
  by Donald Tobi, Margaret Skinner, Arash Ghalehgolabbehbahani, Norman C. Rosberg, Cheryl F. Sullivan, Paul Reese, Bruce L. Parker 
  Abstract: In northern climates, heating greenhouses for crop production can be costly. The heating efficiency of a prototype soap bubble insulation system was investigated in a horticultural greenhouse in Northwestern Vermont, USA over two winters. Three greenhouses operated by a commercial grower of ornamental plants were compared: 1) a prototype soap bubble insulation system; 2) a commercially available thermal curtain; 3) an unmodified greenhouse as a control. The greenhouse with the soap bubble system was 29% and 25% more energy efficient than control and energy curtain greenhouses, respectively. These results demonstrate a soap bubble insulation system can reduce heating costs for commercial greenhouse operators in northern climates. This ultimately reduces the carbon footprint associated with greenhouses heated with fossil fuels. Further development is necessary to make the system commercially available and accessible to farmers.
  Keywords: greenhouse horticulture; heating efficiency; thermal insulation; economics; soap bubble insulation; fossil fuels.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJETM.2024.10061761
   
  
• The treatment of micro-polluted waterbodies using composite flocculant  
  by Qun Liu 
  Abstract: Here, taking the river flowing through Huancheng Park as the treatment object, composite flocculant was used for the treatment of slightly polluted water. Overall, total phosphorus (TP), ammonia nitrogen (NH₃-N), algae, and algal were removed by 85, 60, 99, and 50%, respectively. Water transparency increased from 35 to 100 cm, and turbidity and chromaticity were significantly improved. No secondary pollution was observed, and kept the ecological nature of water. Combined with engineering examples, the principle and characteristics of ecological compound flocculant water purification were analysed, and the feasibility of this method in the treatment of natural open micro-polluted water was verified. This study provides a scientific basis for the use of composite flocculant in the treatment of micro-polluted waterbodies in urban areas.
  Keywords: open waterbody; micro-pollution; flocculant; treatment process.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJETM.2024.10061760
   
  

Special Issue on: Deployment of Green Technologies for Sustainable Environment

• Sustainable green concrete: investigating the influence of recycled aggregates, polypropylene fibres, and nano clay additives on physical and mechanical properties  
  by Pouria Baghaee Asadabadee, Babak Rouhi Broujeni, Amir Gholampour 
  Abstract: In this study, the eco-friendly concrete has been prepared by utilising construction and demolition (C&D) waste as aggregates. The effect of polypropylene fibre (PolyF) and nano clay (NC) were employed as additives. Subsequently, both were combined (PolyF-NC) to optimise the physical and mechanical properties of the green concrete (GC). Fourier transform infra-Red (FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), were employed to analyse the morphology of the GC. At the optimised point, PolyF and NC revealed 76.7% and 82.5% increases in compressive strength, respectively. Additionally, PolyF improved the tensile strength 1.5 times compared to the reference sample. Lastly, the PolyF-NC increased the compressive and tensile strength by 12% and 2.1 times, respectively. Consequently, the mechanical properties enhanced by adding 1.8 Kg/m3 NC and 9.45 Kg/m3 PolyF to the GC. Based on results, using PolyF and NC additives enhances green concrete’s physical properties with C&D waste aggregates.
  Keywords: green concrete; recycled aggregates; additives; polypropylene fibres; nano clay.
  
  
• Study on land use planning based on data remote sensing technology  
  by Dapeng Zhou, Miao Miao 
  Abstract: In view of the poor performance of Kappa coefficient and land use compactness in land use planning, an overall land use planning method based on data remote sensing technology was designed. Firstly, remote sensing image data of the land to be planned and geometric correction data were collected, image edge information was extracted through the data, image features were fused, and data pre-processing was completed. Finally, based on the pre-treatment results, land use types were divided, and combined with the current land use degree and social development prediction, the fitness objective function of the overall planning was designed, the target constraint conditions were formulated, the spatial planning index of land use was introduced, and the overall planning index was calculated to realise the overall planning. The experiment shows that the Kappa coefficient of this method is higher than 0.8, and the land use compactness of different types of land is above 0.81, indicating that this method has achieved good land use planning effect.
  Keywords: land use; land planning; remote sensing technique; remote sensing image; planning indicators; master planning index.
  
  
• Optimisation of urban landscape layout based on discrete firefly algorithm  
  by Li Wang 
  Abstract: Optimising the layout of urban garden landscapes can effectively promote the improvement of garden landscape quality. Aiming at the problems of large fluctuations in spatial distribution separation and long planning time in existing planning methods, this paper uses discrete firefly algorithm to optimise the layout of urban garden landscapes. Firstly, a brightness optimisation model is constructed, and after discretisation, the optimal value range of the planning is determined. Then, determine the green content rate of the target area, and construct a green content model to calculate the plant compensation amount. Finally, taking the conflict degree and separation function as planning objectives, the optimal solution constraints are implemented to achieve layout optimisation. The experimental results show that the method in this paper can effectively reduce the separation of spatial distribution in gardens, and the planning time is always kept within 20 seconds, with good planning effect and efficiency.
  Keywords: discrete firefly algorithm; landscape; layout optimisation; brightness optimisation model; separation function.
  
  
• Calculation of ecological carrying capacity of tourist attractions based on grey model  
  by Bing Hou 
  Abstract: The data on the ecological environment carrying capacity of tourist attractions often have problems with large amounts of data and uneven distribution, resulting in a certain degree of impact on the accuracy of calculating the ecological environment carrying capacity of tourist attractions. In this regard, a grey model based method for calculating the ecological environment carrying capacity of tourist attractions is studied. Firstly, analyse the ecological environment carrying capacity system of tourist attractions, and then screen indicators for calculating the ecological environment carrying capacity of tourist attractions based on the analysis results. Finally, by constructing a grey model, the ecological environment carrying capacity of tourist attractions can be calculated. The experimental results show that the maximum dynamic correlation coefficient of the proposed method is 0.98, and the calculation error is about 0.5%, indicating that the proposed method has a good calculation effect.
  Keywords: grey model; tourist attractions; ecological environment; calculation of bearing capacity; dimensional differences; trend degree.
  
  
• Construction of qualitative assessment model of ecological environment quality under river safety remediation  
  by Ye He 
  Abstract: In order to achieve the accuracy of ecological environment quality assessment under river safety regulation, this article conducts research on the construction method of a qualitative evaluation model for ecological environment quality. Firstly, construct an evaluation system and establish the main framework for qualitative evaluation of ecological environment quality. Secondly, the analytic hierarchy process was used to determine the criteria layer indicators, and 18 evaluation indicators were selected for the indicator layer. Thirdly, the information entropy redundancy is determined based on the entropy method, and the index weight is calculated. Finally, establish a comprehensive evaluation index, determine specific scoring standards for each indicator state, match different scoring levels based on the scores, and complete the construction of an ecological environment quality assessment model to achieve accurate evaluation of ecological environment quality. By combining the average score of each region and the average score of each indicator, it can be concluded that the final score of the ecological environment quality assessment in the study area is 70.97 points, which belongs to a good level. This indicates that the overall ecological environment quality of the region is in a good state after river safety renovation.
  Keywords: river safety remediation; ecological environment; qualitative assessment; analytic hierarchy; evaluation metrics.
  
  
• Dynamic programming method of sustainable land use based on multi-objective genetic algorithm  
  by Wuyi Zhou 
  Abstract: The traditional dynamic programming method of sustainable land use has some problems, such as low ecological benefit coefficient and large error in calculating the economic value of planning results. Therefore, a dynamic programming method of sustainable land use based on multi-objective genetic algorithm is proposed. Firstly, the population discrete model is used to deeply predict the per capita land use demand and determine the multi-objective object of dynamic programming. Secondly, using the grey objective programming method, the planning objective functions are mainly determined to maximise economic benefits, environmental benefits, ecological benefits, and social benefits. Finally, the multi-objective genetic algorithm is used to solve the objective function, and the results are used for dynamic programming of sustainable land use. The experimental results show that the ecological benefit coefficient after the proposed method of sustainable land dynamic programming is close to 1, and the error of economic value calculation is reduced.
  Keywords: multi-objective genetic algorithm; land use; dynamic programming; population discrete model; grey objective; objective function.
  
  
• Evaluation method of environmental carrying capacity of tourist attraction to be developed based on marginal utility analysis  
  by Zhenyi Wu 
  Abstract: In order to achieve a reliable analysis of environmental carrying capacity, the paper proposes an evaluation method of environmental carrying capacity of tourist attraction to be developed based on marginal utility analysis. Firstly, establish an evaluation index system for environmental carrying capacity and use the Simpson distribution function to calculate the importance of the evaluation indicators. Then, Cobb-Douglas marginal production function model is used to simulate the utilisation and consumption process of tourist attraction to be developed. Finally, based on the demand and supply of the scenic area environment, the entropy method is used to calculate the environmental carrying capacity evaluation coefficient. Experiment shows that the recognition accuracy of the method for indicator weights remains above 94.0%, and the fit between the evaluation results and the actual results is between 92.43%
  Keywords: environmental carrying capacity; PSR model; Simpson distribution function; marginal utility; requirement; supply volume.
  
  
• Remote sensing dynamic analysis of regional desertification evolution based on geological modelling  
  by Leiyu Zhang 
  Abstract: In order to accurately study the evolution of desertification areas, this paper proposes a remote sensing dynamic analysis of regional desertification evolution based on geological modelling. Firstly, combined with wavelet transform, denoise the remote sensing images obtained through EOS-MODIS. Then, the key frame image of remote sensing image is determined based on information entropy. Finally, the desertification information in remote sensing images is interpreted and combined with Arc GIS software to construct a three-dimensional geological model of the desertification area. After analysis, it can be seen that the NDVI and MSAVI vegetation indices in the study area have been decreasing year by year from 2019 to 2021. The area of severe desertification increased by 3,909.08 hm2, with a growth percentage of 57.95%. The single land use dynamic degree of severe desertification area is 4.65%, indicating that the degree of desertification in the region is developing in a serious direction.
  Keywords: geological modelling; desertification; remote sensing images; wavelet transform; vegetation index.
  
  
• Evaluation of soil heavy metal pollution remediation effect based on remote sensing and mapping technology in cultivated land  
  by Hao Shen, Yi-Xin Jing 
  Abstract: In order to overcome various problems such as low quality of surveying and mapping images, high error rate of indicator weight calculation, and low accuracy in traditional methods, an evaluation method of soil heavy metal pollution remediation effect based on remote sensing and mapping technology in cultivated land is proposed. The remote sensing images are obtained using drones, and the images are filtered and radiometrically corrected. The GLCM texture features of the images are determined, and the evaluation index data is determined by combining with random forest. The weight of the index is determined by principal component analysis, and the evaluation results are obtained by combining with fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method. The experimental results show that the quality of the remote sensing images obtained in this paper is good, with a mean error rate of 5.5% for the calculation of index weight, and a maximum evaluation accuracy rate of 97.2%.
  Keywords: remote sensing and mapping technology; cultivated land; heavy metal pollution; remediation effect; drones; texture features; random forest; fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method.
  
  
• Evaluation method for groundwater pollution treatment process based on fuzzy analytic hierarchy process  
  by Mingming Deng 
  Abstract: In order to scientifically evaluate groundwater pollution treatment processes, a fuzzy analytic hierarchy process evaluation method for groundwater pollution treatment processes is proposed. Firstly, select the initial evaluation indicators and use fuzzy clustering algorithm to cluster them to eliminate redundant indicators; then, a scientific evaluation index system for groundwater pollution treatment process is constructed, and the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process is used to calculate the weight values of each evaluation index. A fuzzy mathematical comprehensive evaluation model is constructed, and finally, the evaluation of groundwater pollution treatment process is completed based on the calculation results of index weight and the fuzzy membership matrix. The experimental results show that this method can accurately evaluate different groundwater pollution treatment processes, and the application effect of the upflow anaerobic sludge bed process is the best. After its treatment, the pollution degree in the study area has decreased by more than 60%.
  Keywords: fuzzy analytic hierarchy process; FAHP; groundwater; pollution treatment; fuzzy clustering algorithm; evaluation index system; weight value.
  
  
• Comprehensive evaluation of carrying capacity of ecotourism based on state space method  
  by Qinghua Fan 
  Abstract: In order to accurately evaluate the carrying capacity of ecotourism, a comprehensive evaluation method of carrying capacity of ecotourism based on the state space method was proposed. Firstly, the ecological footprint model is used to collect the environmental carrying capacity data of ecotourism regions from the perspective of catering, accommodation, transportation, sightseeing, shopping, water resources and waste. Secondly, the index system of comprehensive evaluation of ecotourism carrying capacity is constructed, and the evaluation indexes are quantified, and the entropy weight method is used to calculate the index weight. Finally, according to the weight calculation results, the state space method is used to calculate the value of ecotourism carrying capacity, and the state of ecotourism environmental carrying capacity is judged through the carrying capacity. The experimental results show that the bearing capacity evaluation results of this method are completely consistent with the actual results, and the evaluation accuracy reaches 100%.
  Keywords: state space method; ecological tourism environment; bearing capacity; comprehensive evaluation.
  
  
• Evaluation method for urban low carbon transportation development based on integrated weighting  
  by Jiajia Li, Zhoubohan Liu, Yule Xia 
  Abstract: In order to reduce the error in the evaluation of the development level of low-carbon transportation in cities, a method for evaluating the development of low-carbon transportation in cities based on integrated weighting is proposed. Firstly, analyse the principles of the development evaluation indicator system, and construct an indicator system for the evaluation of urban low-carbon transportation development from two aspects: low-carbon transportation energy efficiency and low-carbon transportation operation. Secondly, integrate the weights of analytic hierarchy process and entropy method, and use integrated weighting to calculate the weights of evaluation indicators. Finally, based on the dimensionless processing results of indicator attributes, calculate the development level score of urban low-carbon transportation, and complete the evaluation of low-carbon transportation development. Experimental results show that this method can reduce the root-mean-square deviation and mean absolute error of evaluation results, and the maximum mean absolute error is not more than 0.1.
  Keywords: integrated empowerment; urban low-carbon transportation; development evaluation; low carbon transportation energy efficiency.
  
  
• Urban ecological environment space planning strategy considering land use efficiency  
  by Yuan Zhou, Hanchen Yao 
  Abstract: In order to solve the problem of insufficient compact utilisation of ecological environment space, an urban ecological environment space planning strategy considering land use efficiency is designed. Using unmanned aerial vehicles to collect site data before urban ecological environment space planning, a remote sensing image stitching method based on convolutional neural network (CNN) and optimal suture fusion method is used to perform remote sensing image stitching processing on the collected data. Considering land use efficiency, following the principles of urban sustainable development, urban-rural integration, and efficient urban operation, a trinity urban ecological environment space planning strategy is designed to achieve urban ecological environment space planning. The test results show that the highest greening rate in the area of this method exceeds 37%, and the highest building density in the area reaches 53.1%, achieving high land use efficiency.
  Keywords: land use efficiency; unmanned aerial vehicle; CNN network; urban ecological environment; space planning.
  
  
• Parametric study of bricks manufacturing by replacing claywith landfill waste soil  
  by Chetan S. Dhanjode, Sanket S. Sanghai, Avinash Badar 
  Abstract: Rapid urbanisation increased construction activities demands building materials like bricks causing overexploitation of natural clay. In contrast, generation of municipal solid waste (MSW) increased, whose management has become a critical issue for the local body authority. Soil obtained from degraded MSW can solve the issue of excessive demand for bricks and overexploitation of natural clay in its manufacturing and can prove to be an alternative material for replacing natural clay to produce durable and cost-effective bricks. In order to manufacture fire clay brick by using conventional techniques, this article focuses on substituting natural clay with soil remnants from degraded municipal solid waste. Various criteria were examined on the bricks. The average values for crushing strength (3.85, 3.21, 2.52 MPa), water absorption capacity (16.92%, 18.85%, and 22.24%), and loss on heat (1.48%, 1.69%, and 2.18%) were obtained for 10%, 20%, and 30% replacement of degraded MSW soil in natural earth, respectively. The outcome shows that the compressive strength reduces as the proportion of replacement increases as the percentage of water absorption and heat loss increases. However, at 20% replacement, the parametric value is more in line with what the pertinent Indian Standard Code considers to be acceptable values.
  Keywords: environmental; economical; sustainable; reuse; biodegradable; natural soil; solid waste; composites.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJETM.2024.10061497
   
  
• A method for predicting carbon emissions from green transportation based on wavelet threshold denoising  
  by Zhixin Sun 
  Abstract: The commonly used prediction methods nowadays find it difficult to balance the long-term and short-term operating conditions, resulting in low prediction accuracy. Therefore, a green traffic carbon emissions prediction method based on wavelet threshold denoising is proposed. Firstly, the LMDI algorithm is used to calculate the carbon emission impact factors and complete the collection of green transportation carbon emission data. Secondly, the wavelet threshold denoising method is used to denoise the green traffic carbon emission data. Finally, using the denoised carbon emission data as input and the carbon emission prediction results as output, an improved BP neural network is used to construct a traffic carbon emission prediction model. The test results indicate that the relative error of the studied prediction model is smaller and the Pearson similarity coefficient is relatively larger, indicating that the prediction model has good predictive ability in both short and long term predictions.
  Keywords: wavelet threshold denoising; green transportation; carbon emissions; prediction model.