International Journal of Electronic Governance (7 papers in press)

Regular Issues

• Evaluating E-Government's Influence on Health Services through Employee Performance in Algeria  
  by Abdel-illah Khelassi, Rania Haddar, Zinelaabidine Djelil 
  Abstract: This study investigates the impact of e-government implementation on the enhancement of healthcare services in Algeria, emphasising the mediating role of employee performance Addressing a gap in the literature, it integrates institutional, technological, and human factors within a unified analytical model A structured questionnaire was administered to healthcare professionals in public institutions, and the data were analysed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) The results indicate that e-government has both direct and indirect positive effects on healthcare service delivery, with employee performance significantly mediating this relationship The findings suggest that successful digital transformation requires not only technological infrastructure but also investments in employee training, performance management, and leadership support Moreover, raising public awareness of digital health tools is essential for equitable access This research contributes a novel framework linking internal organisational capabilities to external service outcomes in the context of healthcare e-governance.
  Keywords: E-Government Implementation; Healthcare Services; Employee Performance; Public Administration; PLS-SEM; Algeria.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJEG.2025.10075197
   
  
• A Bibliometric Analysis of Research on Online Petitions  
  by Andries Lionardo, Anang Dwi Santoso, Sajida Sajida 
  Abstract: This study seeks to understand the evolution and distribution of online petition-related research. With an increase in online petition activities and participation, there is a need for a clearer understanding of the direction and focus of research in this area. This research was conducted using the bibliometric method to analyse 95 journal papers discovered in Scopus that are related to online petitions. Bibliometric analyses such as citation analysis, thematic evolution, and factorial analysis were performed using the Bibliometrix application. The key findings of this study indicate that the focus of petition research is shifting from technological and social media to participatory and collective aspects. The factorial analysis also uncovered two major clusters: Human and Social Factors and Technological and Country Factors. This study also observed an increase in the number of publications on online petitions, thereby demonstrating the significance of this subject in academic and societal discourse. This finding implies that researchers conducting studies on online petitions should consider both technological and social factors.
  Keywords: Online Petition; Bibliometrics; Citation Analysis; Thematic Evolution; Factorial Analysis.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJEG.2025.10075465
   
  
• Intelligent marketing of E-government public services and citizen interaction  
  by Tariq Samarah, Ayman Hindieh, Ala Mughaid, Muder Almiani 
  Abstract: The application of innovative marketing technologies is important for optimising E-government services delivery. This study investigates the integration of E-marketing with E-government platforms to improve public service and citizen engagement. The research addresses the following: How AI-driven marketing can improve citizen engagement and service accessibility? What are the key factors influencing E-government services? A mixed-methods approach was employed, combining qualitative interviews with government officials and quantitative surveys of citizens to assess the effectiveness of AI-driven strategies. The results indicate a 30% increase in user satisfaction, a 25% improvement in service accessibility, and a 40% rise in citizen engagement. The proposed system reduces operational costs by 20%. Findings underscore the implications of intelligent marketing technologies in public administration, not only in improving service delivery, but in enhancing government efficiency also. These results highlight the critical role of AI driven marketing in modernising public service, ensuring better service delivery and citizen satisfaction.
  Keywords: digital marketing strategies; E-Government; public service delivery; citizen interaction; AI-driven marketing; data analytics in public administration.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJEG.2025.10069135
   
  
• E-government system for racial discrimination detection in Arabic social media: integrating AraBERT and ktrain in a multimodal learning framework  
  by Tarek Kanan, Ashraf Almhirat, Tariq Samarah, Ghassan Kanaan, Omar AlAzzam 
  Abstract: This study presents an advanced NLP and multimodal learning framework to detect racial discrimination in Arabic social media. We curated a dataset of 10,319 Facebook and Twitter posts, applying preprocessing steps like normalisation, stopword removal, and stemming. The methodology integrates machine learning (SVM) and deep learning (RNN/LSTM), achieving high F1 scores. The best performance came from combining AraBERT and ktrain, with F1 scores of 90% on Twitter and 91.46% on Facebook. Our results demonstrate the effectiveness of this approach in improving classification accuracy in addition contributing to the development of more secure and comprehensive digital environments for Arabic speakers.
  Keywords: multimodal learning; NLP; natural language processing; racial discrimination detection; deep learning; Arabic BERT; AraBERT integration; ktrain integration; social media analysis; text classification.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJEG.2025.10071486
   
  
• Protecting the moral rights of the author in the process of machine learning in the era of AI: a case study on ChatGPT  
  by Ibrahim M. Obeidat, Adnan S. Alomar, Naeem A. Al Otoum, Ahmad Zaqibh 
  Abstract: This study focuses on the legal aspects of the effects resulting from the use and exploitation of works in machine learning for training ChatGPT. We will concentrate on two key areas: the first addresses the mechanism of machine learning and its implications for the moral rights of authors, while the second discusses the legitimacy of developers using these works in machine learning. To achieve the desired outcomes in this research, we adopted the criterion of balance between the author's rights and the public's right to benefit from these works, along with the resulting exceptions to the legal protection of the author's rights that lawmakers seek to establish to achieve this balance. The study concludes that the machine in ChatGPT relies on intellectual works during its learning phase, which may lead to infringements of moral rights, such as failing to credit the author of the utilised work or damaging their reputation and honour during this phase. In certain cases, infringement may not occur if it aligns with legitimate use or falls within the exceptions established by the legislator.
  Keywords: copyrights; moral rights; artificial intelligence; machine learning; ChatGPT.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJEG.2025.10071602
   
  
• Innovation, digital inclusion and e-government: analysing their relationship in digital governance  
  by Zakariya Belkhamza 
  Abstract: The global digital divide remains a significant barrier to effective e-government engagement, with inequalities in digital access and innovation hindering the potential of digital governance. This study examines the relationship between digital transformation, innovation and digital inclusion in the context of e-government in 121 countries. Using partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) and finite mixture partial least squares (FIMIX-PLS), this research investigates how innovation and digital inclusion interact to influence e-government effectiveness and assesses unobserved heterogeneity across countries. The findings reveal that while innovation is essential to advancing digital governance, it can also widen the digital divide if not managed inclusively. Furthermore, digital inclusion serves as a mediator between innovation and e-government engagement, highlighting the importance of ensuring digital access alongside technological progress. As such, this study calls for balanced strategies that foster both technological advancement and equitable access to digital services, providing critical insights for policymakers aiming to enhance e-government engagement globally.
  Keywords: digital transformation; digital inclusion; innovation; e-government engagement; electronic government; digital governance.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJEG.2025.10072567
   
  
• Dissemination methods and user perception of union digital services in the Haor regions of Bangladesh  
  by Mohammad Samiul Islam, Sadik Hasan 
  Abstract: The study investigated strategies for disseminating the services through the Union Digital Centre (UDC) in Bangladesh's Haor regions and user satisfaction with UDCs' operations. Data was collected through questionnaire surveys and key informant interviews (KIIs), using the Likert scale to assess users' perceptions and satisfaction with UDC's performance. The study reveals that major socio-economic features of the target population, including primary school, household work, income range of 10,000-20,000 BDT, and age 31-50, utilise various dissemination methods, including paper-based, verbal, cell phone, email, and home service delivery. Capacity constraints, such as internet speed, equipment availability, power supply, entrepreneurial competencies, and behaviour, significantly influence the operational efficacy of UDCs. Customer satisfaction scores are neutral for internet speed, equipment accessibility, entrepreneurial skills, and service delivery but satisfied for power availability and entrepreneurial behaviour. Prioritising these challenges can enhance service quality.
  Keywords: dissemination methods; union digital services; users' perception; UDC; Union Digital Centre; Haor regions.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJEG.2025.10072679