International Journal of Global Energy Issues (6 papers in press)

Special Issue on: OA Contemporary Technology Progress for Creativity, Innovation, and Entrepreneurship Management in the Global Energy Sector

• Open Access

  Optimal scheduling energy for wind-solar-load storage AC-DC hybrid distribution network system based on multi-agent algorithm ( Free Full-text Access )

  by Bo Wei, Chunxiang Yang, Kequan Liu, Wen Tang, Xuanrong Zhang 
  Abstract: Aiming at the real-time optimisation problem of AC/DC hybrid distribution network with high proportion of new energy access, a wind-solar load-storage collaborative scheduling framework based on multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) is proposed. Firstly, the Markov game model is constructed, and wind power, photovoltaic (PV), energy storage and flexible load are modelled as heterogeneous agents, and a mixed action space integrating DQN (Deep Q-Network) and Actor-Critic is designed, and the federated-edge collaborative mechanism is introduced to realise the privacy protection training of data-fixed model moving. The single step decision making time is less than 70 ms, and the voltage fluctuation is strictly controlled within +- 5%. It achieves the coordinated optimisation of economy, safety, and privacy, providing a new paradigm for real-time scheduling of high proportion new energy distribution networks.
  Keywords: AC-DC hybrid distribution network; multi-agent algorithm; optimal scheduling; wind-solar-load-storage; multi-agent reinforcement learning; Markov game; energy.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJGEI.2026.10076908
   
  

• Open Access

  The impact of tax burden reduction for electricity quota trading system in China ( Free Full-text Access )

  by Xiaomeng Liu 
  Abstract: In order to promote the consumption and utilisation of clean energy and reduce the tax burden of benchmark electricity pricing policy, China has implemented a nationwide trial of green power certificate issuance and subscription systems. To further advance the adoption of clean energy and mitigate the fiscal impact of the benchmark tariff policy, this paper constructs a multi-policy coupling model with interaction terms to assess the fiscal relief effect of green certificate trading under the coexistence of benchmark electricity pricing policies and the green certificate system in China. Additionally, the model explores the effects of different trading mechanisms and quota schemes (free market for green certificates vs. mandatory market for electricity quotas) on the pricing strategies of heterogeneous sellers and compliance decisions of heterogeneous quota holders, quantifying synergistic or offsetting effects among different policy instruments in the Chinese context.
  Keywords: green power certificate; green certificate trading; renewable energy quota system; tax burden; China.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJGEI.2026.10076909
   
  

• Open Access

  Modelling and computer simulation analysis of cascading failure probability of heterogeneous complex power grid for green energy system ( Free Full-text Access )

  by Jinggang Wang, Xiaojiu Ma, Fanbin Meng, Zhe Liu, Yafei Wu, Bo Liu, Zhenzhen Kong 
  Abstract: The high proportion of renewable energy integration endows the power grid with prominent heterogeneous features, including expanded node capacity differences, discrete line impedance, and dynamic power flow variations. Traditional models based on homogeneity assumptions are incompetent to accurately characterise the cascading failure mechanisms of such grids. To address this gap, this paper proposes a cascading failure probability model that integrates heterogeneous topology, dynamic power flow, and cyber-physical coupling. Firstly, a multi-dimensional heterogeneity indicator system, encompassing node capacity heterogeneity, electrical betweenness Gini coefficient, and bidirectional power flow index, is established to quantify the structural, operational, and coupling heterogeneity of green power grids. The results provide theoretical basis and quantitative tools for planning and real-time prevention and control of highly elastic green power grid.
  Keywords: computer simulation; cascading failure probability; heterogeneous; complex power grid; green energy system.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJGEI.2026.10076970
   
  

• Open Access

  Research on key soil and water loss characteristics and mitigation strategies for power grid projects in Jiangsu plains water network region ( Free Full-text Access )

  by Zhigang Yue, Peng Feng, Gaojian Fu, Yuze Yang, Xueyao Wang, Lei Wang 
  Abstract: Aggregate full-cycle water conservation data from 47 500-kV transmission and sub-station projects in the Jiangsu Plain Water Network Area from 2015 to 2024. Project characteristics, including project scale and disturbed soil-and-rock area, were extracted to construct a database for statistical analysis. The results show that drilled piles accounted for 87.75% of foundations, while mud generated during single-foundation excavation accounted for 53.96% of the total excavation material. Disposal was predominantly conducted through in-situ landfill (98.93%). Based on these findings, it is recommended that landfill disposal be restricted; measures for dewatering, volume reduction, and harmless treatment be implemented; resource utilisation be promoted; and whole-process supervision with clear responsibility mechanisms be established.
  Keywords: Jiangsu Province; plain water network area; power transmission project; water and soil loss; prevention and control measures.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJGEI.2026.10077040
   
  

Regular Issues

• A spatial analysis of Middle Eastern oil exporters: the nexus of energy consumption, subsidies, CO2, and oil rent  
  by Sayyed Mahdi Ziaei 
  Abstract: This study evaluates the impact of fossil fuel subsidies, CO2 per capita, and oil rent per GDP on the energy consumption per Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of the main Middle Eastern oil exporting countries (Bahrain, Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates (UAE)). For this study, economic data from 2010 to 2021 are examined using the Spatial Durbin Model (SDM), Spatial Autoregressive Model (SAR), Spatial Error Model (SEM) and Spatial Autocorrelation Model (SAC). The results indicate that in this context the SDM and SAC models are more effective than the other examined models in evaluating spatial effects; that fixed effects are more informative than random effects; and that fossil fuel subsidies have a pronounced impact on the energy consumption of oil-exporter countries. The findings imply the importance of establishing a collaborative approach among countries in the region to address the issue of energy consumption.
  Keywords: Middle Eastern oil exporters; energy consumption; energy subsidies; oil rent; CO2 emissions; spatial analysis.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJGEI.2026.10074072
   
  
• China, a leader in low-carbon technologies? The case of photovoltaic solar cells  
  by Pierre Berthaud, Marina Flamand, Laëtitia Guilhot, André André, Guillaume Wantz 
  Abstract: Today, the solar photovoltaic sector is a fundamental pillar of the energy transition aimed at decarbonising economies. In the 2000s, the Chinese governments strategy focused first and foremost on building its industrial leadership. Successfully, in 2021, Chinese companies share 80% of the global PV panel market. In this article, we use several indicators based on patent analyse to determine whether Chinese firms have acquired technological leadership. So, we distinguish four generations of PV cells. Our results show that Chinese companies have acquired technological leadership in the two most important generations for PV panel production: the 1st generation and the 3rd generation.
  Keywords: China; patents; solar photovoltaic cells; innovations; industrial/technological leader.
  DOI: 10.1504/IJGEI.2026.10075343