Title: Macroscopic properties of liquids at very high temperature

Authors: F. Millot, P-F. Paradis, J-C. Rifflet, T. Ishikawa

Addresses: Centre de Recherche sur les Materiaux a Haute Temperature Centre National de la recherche Scientifique, 1 D, avenue de la Recherche Scientifique, 45071 Orleans cedex 2, France. ' Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, ISS Science Project Office Tsukuba Space Center, 2-1-1 Sengen Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8505, Japan. ' Centre de Recherche sur les Materiaux a Haute Temperature, Centre National de la recherche Scientifique, 1 D, avenue de la Recherche Scientifique, 45071 Orleans cedex 2, France. ' Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, ISS Science Project Office Tsukuba Space Center, 2-1-1 Sengen Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8505, Japan

Abstract: Levitation of liquids heated by lasers has become a reference method for studies at temperatures above 2000°C. It has replaced older technologies which used refractory crucibles like tungsten, molybdenum or graphite. The levitation techniques overcome the problem of contamination of a reactive liquid by the container walls. Several groups around the world have adapted and upgraded these techniques to develop reference methods of thermophysical and spectroscopic measurements. Three techniques of levitating mm-sized liquid drops have emerged, enabling a wide range of applications from non-conducting materials to metals with potential applications to very high temperatures under controlled atmospheres. These are aerodynamic, electrostatic, and aero-electrostatic levitations amongst others. Current and challenging macroscopic property measurement methods with these techniques are reviewed.

Keywords: high temperature; lasers; levitation; thermophysical properties; material properties; macroscopic properties; measurements.

DOI: 10.1504/IJMPT.2006.009470

International Journal of Materials and Product Technology, 2006 Vol.26 No.3/4, pp.274 - 291

Published online: 04 Apr 2006 *

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