Title: Effects of human errors and trade-credit financing in two-echelon supply chain models

Authors: Dongmin Shin; Mandeep Mittal; Biswajit Sarkar

Addresses: Department of Industrial and Management Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan Gyeonggi-do, 426 791, South Korea ' Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Amity School of Engineering and Technology, New Delhi-110061, India ' Department of Industrial and Management Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan Gyeonggi-do, 426 791, South Korea

Abstract: This paper develops two centralised two-echelon supply chain models with the trade-credit financing and inspection errors. Both models follow a single-setup-multi-delivery (SSMD) policy and each delivery is designed using the just-in-time (JIT) method to increase the efficiency of the supply chain. In first model, the random defective rate is assumed and each delivered item goes through inspection process at the buyer's end due to the contract with vendor, because vendor gives a trade-credit support to buyer. In second model, human errors of Type I and Type II are considered due to tiredness and ignorance of the inspector during inspection process. The joint annual cost of supply chain is minimised with respect to order quantity and number of shipments. Finally, some numerical examples, sensitivity analysis, and graphical representations are given to illustrate more savings from existing literature. [Received 13 December 2015; Revised 19 June 2016; Accepted 28 June 2016]

Keywords: supply chain management; imperfect items; human errors; trade-credit financing.

DOI: 10.1504/EJIE.2018.093574

European Journal of Industrial Engineering, 2018 Vol.12 No.4, pp.465 - 503

Published online: 30 Jul 2018 *

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