Title: Leadership styles and their specific correlation to gender - theoretical standpoint

Authors: Baiba Šavriņa; Lydia Sedlmayr

Addresses: Faculty of Economics and Management, University of Latvia, Latvia ' Faculty of Economics and Management, University of Latvia, Latvia

Abstract: The purpose of the research is to review different leadership styles and get insight about specific female and male leadership style characteristics. In this context the development of conception of the changing role of females has been discussed and compared with the Western and Eastern European approach. Different leadership styles and their specific characteristics have been described, compared and evaluated in respect to gender roles. It was found out that female and male incline different leadership styles. Concentration of power and central decision-making which are seen as male leadership characteristics are effective during critical economic situations. Care, empathy and harmonic relationships which characterise female leadership are seen effective during preparedness of critical economic situations. Advantages of female leadership styles are partially offset by disadvantages that result from prejudice and discrimination against women which could not be offset with the changing perceptions of the female role. Leadership theories in correlation to gender are limited, as leadership may be situational and requires specific behaviour in particular situations independent from gender roles.

Keywords: leadership styles; women leaders; stereotyping; female roles; role conceptions; labour management relations; gender roles; gender differences.

DOI: 10.1504/IJEPEE.2016.081409

International Journal of Economic Policy in Emerging Economies, 2016 Vol.9 No.4, pp.378 - 403

Received: 09 Jun 2014
Accepted: 09 Jul 2015
Published online: 07 Jan 2017 *

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