Title: Effect of point and non-point sources of pollution on water quality of Halali reservoir in India

Authors: Neetu Malik; A.K. Biswas; C.B. Raju

Addresses: Department of Zoology and Applied Aquaculture, Barkatullah University, Hoshangabad Road, Bhopal – 462026, India ' Division of Soil Chemistry and Fertility, Indian Institute of Soil Science (ICAR), Nabibagh, Berasia Road, Bhopal – 462038, India ' Division of Natural Resources, Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute (CSIR), Hoshangabad road, Bhopal – 462064, India

Abstract: The study intends to examine the spatial and temporal variations of the water quality of an Indian reservoir and to assess the anthropogenic inputs into the reservoir system. The datasets on various physico-chemical parameters, i.e., temperature, pH, TDS, EC, free CO₂, DO, alkalinity, hardness and chloride and heavy metals, namely, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn from this study were treated by Duncan multiple range test (DMRT), cluster analysis (CA), principal component analysis (PCA) and Pearson's correlation analysis. Significant differences among the sites and seasons were obtained from the DMRT. CA showed two different groups of similarity among the sampling sites reflecting the different physico-chemical characteristics and pollution levels of the studied water system. Three latent factors were identified as responsible for the data structure explaining 83% of the total variance of the dataset. The study showed that the reservoir is under the influence of anthropogenic activities and is prone to water pollution.

Keywords: anthropogenic activities; heavy metals; multivariate statistical analysis; water pollution; seasonal; point sources; non-point sources; water quality; Halali reservoir; India; Duncan multiple range test; DMRT; cluster analysis; principal component analysis; PCA; Pearson's correlation analysis; temperature; pH; alkalinity; hardness; chloride.

DOI: 10.1504/IJW.2017.081109

International Journal of Water, 2017 Vol.11 No.1, pp.25 - 43

Accepted: 14 Jun 2015
Published online: 23 Dec 2016 *

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