Title: Comparison between different energy management algorithms for an urban electric bus with hybrid energy storage system based on battery and supercapacitors

Authors: Stefano Arrigoni; Davide Tarsitano; Federico Cheli

Addresses: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Politecnico di Milano, via La Masa 1, 20156 Milan, Italy ' Department of Mechanical Engineering, Politecnico di Milano, via La Masa 1, 20156 Milan, Italy ' Department of Mechanical Engineering, Politecnico di Milano, via La Masa 1, 20156 Milan, Italy

Abstract: Electric vehicles are an interesting research field for the automotive industry, especially for fully electrical urban buses. Their particular path-defined frequent and consecutive stops close together encourage the usage of supercapacitors, which have a longer service life than rechargeable batteries, and the battery would only be used as a backup energy source. This means a hybrid energy system where an energy management function splits the power request between the two onboard energy storage systems. Two different real-time control algorithms previously developed are briefly presented and numerically tested by means of virtual simulation in order to compare their different behaviour and evaluate their performance compared to an optimal offline control logic based on the dynamic programming approach.

Keywords: energy management algorithms; fuzzy logic; heuristics; dynamic programming; hybrid storage systems; supercapacitors; urban buses; electric buses; hybrid energy storage; batteries; urban transport; electric vehicles; backup energy sources; real-time control; simulation.

DOI: 10.1504/IJHVS.2016.075506

International Journal of Heavy Vehicle Systems, 2016 Vol.23 No.2, pp.171 - 189

Received: 22 May 2015
Accepted: 09 Nov 2015
Published online: 27 Mar 2016 *

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