Title: The effects of environment and technology on agricultural export

Authors: Shunsuke Managi, David Karemera

Addresses: Graduate School of Bio-Applications and Systems Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan. ' School of Business, South Carolina State University, 300 College Street, Orangeburg, SC 29117, USA

Abstract: The impact of environmental policy on international trade has received a great deal of attention over the decades. Theory predicts that the relative level of a country|s environmental policy, technology, and factor endowments will jointly determine international trade and specialisation. This study develops alternative empirical models of export shares to evaluate the effects of technology and efficiency, factor endowments, prices, and environmental risk factors on the exports. The models are applied to state agricultural export data since 1973 through 1996. Our findings support the hypothesis that states lose a comparative advantage in trade by stringent environmental regulations. Output prices and technological changes are found to be major determinants of export shares.

Keywords: international trade; environmental risk; technological change; factor endowments; agriculture; exports; export flows; environmental policy; environmental regulations; output prices.

DOI: 10.1504/IJARGE.2005.006438

International Journal of Agricultural Resources, Governance and Ecology, 2005 Vol.4 No.1, pp.45 - 63

Published online: 10 Mar 2005 *

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