Title: Evaluation of miscellaneous and electronic device energy use in hospitals

Authors: Douglas R. Black; Steven M. Lanzisera; Judy Lai; Richard E. Brown; Brett C. Singer

Addresses: Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. ' Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. ' Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. ' Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. ' Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA

Abstract: Miscellaneous and electronic loads (MELs) consume about one-third of the primary energy used in US buildings, and their energy use is increasing faster than other end-uses. In healthcare facilities, 30% of the annual electricity was used by MELs in 2008. This paper presents methods and challenges for estimating medical MELs energy consumption along with estimates of energy use in a hospital by combining device-level metered data with inventories and usage information. An important finding is that common, small devices consume large amounts of energy in aggregate and should not be ignored when trying to address hospital energy use.

Keywords: commercial buildings; end-use; hospitals; medical electronic devices; miscellaneous electrical loads; energy utilisation intensity; healthcare facilities; hospital energy use; energy consumption.

DOI: 10.1504/WRSTSD.2013.050791

World Review of Science, Technology and Sustainable Development, 2013 Vol.10 No.1/2/3, pp.113 - 128

Received: 21 Mar 2012
Accepted: 27 Jul 2012
Published online: 28 Feb 2014 *

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