Title: Accounting precautionary measures in agriculture through pathway analysis: the case of the Environmental Farm Plan

Authors: Robert J. Summers, Ryan Plummer, John E. FitzGibbon

Addresses: Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E3, Canada. ' Department of Tourism and Environment, Brock University, St. Catharines, Ontario, L2S 3A1, Canada. ' Rural Planning and Development, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada

Abstract: Stewardship programs are an important element of agroecosystems management. These programs are confronted with the difficult challenges of demonstrating their positive impacts on the environment. This paper argues that under the precautionary principle, evaluation of stewardship programs should be aimed at identifying risks mitigated, as opposed to actual changes in environmental conditions. The Ontario Environmental Farm Plan Program is presented as a case study. A pathways model is developed and applied to the case. It demonstrates the types of risks mitigated, a way to account for preventative actions, and insights into how future evaluations based on the precautionary principal can be undertaken.

Keywords: EFP; environmental farm plan; best practice; risk management; precautionary principle; programme evaluation; agriculture; stewardship programmes; agroecosystems management; Canada.

DOI: 10.1504/IJARGE.2008.022746

International Journal of Agricultural Resources, Governance and Ecology, 2008 Vol.7 No.6, pp.437 - 449

Published online: 25 Jan 2009 *

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