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Title: Endoscopic ultrasonography in differential diagnostics of benign and malignant pathology of the common bile ducts utilising fuzzy mathematical technologies

Authors: Etab Taha Al-Kasasbeh; Nikolay A. Korenevskiy; Vladimir Anatolyevich Belozerov; Riad Taha Al-Kasasbeh; Sofia Nikolaevna Rodionova; Sergey Filist; Ksenia V. Razumova; Emad Saleh Al-Tarawneh; Osama M. Al-Habahbeh; Moaath Mousa Al Smady; Mahdi Salman Alshamasin; Elena Shalimova; Vladislav Krutskikh; Maksim Ilyash

Addresses: Karak University College, Albalqa Applied University, Karak, Jordan ' Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southwest State University (SWSU), 50 Let Oktyabrya Street, 94, Kursk, Russia ' Endoscopy Department, BMU Kursk Regional Clinical Hospital, Kursk, Russia ' Department of Mechatronics Engineering, Shool of Engineering, The University of Jordan, Aljubeiha, Amman, Jordan ' Southwest State University, 50 Let Oktyabrya Street, 94, Kursk, Russia ' Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southwest State University (SWSU), 50 Let Oktyabrya Street, 94, Kursk, Russia ' Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southwest State University (SWSU), 50 Let Oktyabrya Street, 94, Kursk, Russia ' The University of Jordan, Jordan University Hospital, Amman, Jordan ' Department of Mechatronics Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan ' Surgical Department, Jordan University Hospital, Amman, Jordan ' Faculty of Engineering Technology, Albalqa Applied University, Amman, Jordan ' Radio Engineering Fundamentals Department, National Research University 'Moscow Power Engineering Institute' (MPEI), Moscow, Russia ' Radio Engineering Fundamentals Department, National Research University 'Moscow Power Engineering Institute' (MPEI), Moscow, Russia ' Southwest State University, 50 Let Oktyabrya Street, 94, Kursk, Russia

Abstract: The study aims to enhance the outcomes of differential diagnosis of obstructive pathology of the common bile duct by leveraging the results of endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) using hybrid fuzzy decision-making technologies. The main diagnostic methods are endosonography and the hybrid fuzzy decision rule synthesis methodology, developed at Southwest State University in Kursk, Russia. Based on expert assessments of endosonograms depicting common bile duct pathology, and the hybrid fuzzy decision rule synthesis methodology, a hybrid fuzzy model for differential diagnosis of the studied pathology was developed. Mathematical modelling and statistical calculations demonstrated the effectiveness of this differential diagnostic model, providing a confidence level of 0.93 in the desired diagnosis which is an acceptable result when working with poorly formalised initial data.

Keywords: fuzzy mathematical models; common bile duct obstruction; reference images.

DOI: 10.1504/IJMEI.2026.154260

International Journal of Medical Engineering and Informatics, 2026 Vol.18 No.6, pp.1 - 20

Received: 12 Nov 2024
Accepted: 10 Feb 2025
Published online: 18 Jun 2026 *