Open Access Article

Title: Study on 'Road to Waterway' model for medium to long-distance cargo transportation considering transportation efficiency

Authors: Zengli Fang; Yali Liang; Gaoling Li; Xiang Tang

Addresses: Zhengzhou Institute of Transportation Co., Ltd., Zhengzhou, Henan, China ' Zhengzhou Institute of Transportation Co., Ltd., Zhengzhou, Henan, China ' Zhengzhou Institute of Transportation Co., Ltd., Zhengzhou, Henan, China ' Zhengzhou Institute of Transportation Co., Ltd., Zhengzhou, Henan, China

Abstract: This paper studies a 'Road to Waterway' model for medium and long-distance cargo transportation with consideration of transport efficiency. First, addressing the time-sensitive requirements of high-value-added cargo transportation faced by multimodal operators, a 'Road to Waterway' model for medium and long-distance transportation is developed. Second, through cost analysis that quantifies various expenses while establishing objective functions and constraints, the model ensures reasonable transportation mode selection, transit connections and flow balance. Finally, employing genetic algorithms to generate initial solutions and maintain population diversity, combined with ant colony algorithm's positive feedback mechanism for optimal solution search, the model demonstrates significantly improved solving efficiency and time performance. Experimental results indicate a stable on-time arrival rate exceeding 97.7% and cost savings reaching 9.3%.

Keywords: transportation efficiency; medium to long distance; freight transportation; 'Road to Waterway' model.

DOI: 10.1504/IJCAT.2026.153765

International Journal of Computer Applications in Technology, 2026 Vol.78 No.7, pp.10 - 18

Received: 16 May 2025
Accepted: 16 Sep 2025

Published online: 26 May 2026 *