Title: ReBIoT: a resource-efficient framework for blockchain-enabled IoT and distributed large-scale applications

Authors: Muhammad Imran; Bin Yao

Addresses: Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Minhang, Shanghai, 200240, China ' Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Minhang, Shanghai, 200240, China

Abstract: Blockchain-enabled internet of things (BIoT) has emerged as a promising paradigm to enhance security and privacy in distributed environments. While blockchain ensures data integrity through immutable and tamper-proof records, its adoption in resource-constrained devices (RCDs) remains challenging due to computationally intensive consensus mechanisms and inefficient storage practices. This paper introduces ReBIoT, a secure and lightweight framework designed to optimise blockchain integration within RCD-based systems. ReBIoT decentralises intelligence by enabling interactive decision-making among nodes, replacing traditional heavy consensus verification. It further incorporates a self-learning rule-based data filtering (SRDF) mechanism to remove redundant or irrelevant data, and applies forking and versioning with fixed-length chunking to improve immutability and storage efficiency. The layered architecture of ReBIoT progressively filters raw data and prevents duplication, providing a flexible interface for various distributed applications. Experimental evaluations demonstrate that ReBIoT significantly reduces computational and storage overheads while maintaining data reliability and security.

Keywords: blockchain; internet of things; IoT; consensus algorithm; energy efficiency; filtering; forking; versioning.

DOI: 10.1504/IJICS.2026.151318

International Journal of Information and Computer Security, 2026 Vol.29 No.2, pp.176 - 206

Received: 17 Jul 2024
Accepted: 14 Jun 2025
Published online: 22 Jan 2026 *

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