Article: Technology for separation of iron in groundwater to support drinking water supply Journal: International Journal of Hydrology Science and Technology (IJHST) 2025 Vol.20 No.6 pp.1 - 13 Abstract: Groundwater is the main water source in Yogyakarta (45.92%), followed by rivers (33.71%), springs (17.85%), and reservoirs (2.52%). Most residents rely on wells for drinking water, which often contain excessive iron (Fe), posing health risks. This study aimed to develop a household-scale technology to reduce Fe concentrations in groundwater. Samples were collected from Kasihan, Bantul, and treated using an aeration method with an aerator installed in the pump pipe, producing bubbles of 300-500 microns. Five aeration durations ranging from 0.5 to 11.5 hours were tested. Initial Fe levels measured 0.5 mg/L, the maximum permissible limit under Minister of Health Regulation No. 2/2023. After aeration, Fe levels decreased to 0.05 mg/L, showing a reduction of 0.45 mg/L. These findings demonstrate the effectiveness of aeration in improving water quality. The research will continue to optimise technological solutions tailored to household-scale community needs. Inderscience Publishers - linking academia, business and industry through research

Title: Technology for separation of iron in groundwater to support drinking water supply

Authors: Sindu Nuranto; Agus Maryono; Pratama Tirza Surya Sembada; Fatimah Nurul Mahdiyah Jayatri; Jesica Gabriella Tapiory

Addresses: Department of Civil Engineering, Vocational School, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia ' Department of Civil Engineering, Vocational School, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia ' Graduate School of Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia ' Graduate School of Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia ' Graduate School of Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia

Abstract: Groundwater is the main water source in Yogyakarta (45.92%), followed by rivers (33.71%), springs (17.85%), and reservoirs (2.52%). Most residents rely on wells for drinking water, which often contain excessive iron (Fe), posing health risks. This study aimed to develop a household-scale technology to reduce Fe concentrations in groundwater. Samples were collected from Kasihan, Bantul, and treated using an aeration method with an aerator installed in the pump pipe, producing bubbles of 300-500 microns. Five aeration durations ranging from 0.5 to 11.5 hours were tested. Initial Fe levels measured 0.5 mg/L, the maximum permissible limit under Minister of Health Regulation No. 2/2023. After aeration, Fe levels decreased to 0.05 mg/L, showing a reduction of 0.45 mg/L. These findings demonstrate the effectiveness of aeration in improving water quality. The research will continue to optimise technological solutions tailored to household-scale community needs.

Keywords: aeration; groundwater; iron; Fe; well water.

DOI: 10.1504/IJHST.2025.150539

International Journal of Hydrology Science and Technology, 2025 Vol.20 No.6, pp.1 - 13

Received: 22 Oct 2024
Accepted: 05 May 2025
Published online: 16 Dec 2025 *

Title: Technology for separation of iron in groundwater to support drinking water supply

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