Title: Design of optimised dynamic PID sliding mode controller for PMSM in hybrid electric vehicle

Authors: Sangeeta Singh; Bhanu Pratap

Addresses: Department of Electrical Engineering, NIT Kurukshetra, Thanesar, Haryana, 136119, India ' Department of Electrical Engineering, NIT Kurukshetra, Thanesar, Haryana, 136119, India

Abstract: SMC has seen significant expansion since the advent of DSMC in the last decade. This innovation overcomes limitations in scalar control systems, such as restrictions at low speeds and poor dynamic response from direct torque control approaches. Particle swarm optimisation (PSO) is a traditional methodology integrated for efficient parameter selection in sliding control. However, chattering is a significant problem with classic SMC techniques, negatively affecting system performance. This study proposes an improved method for better position tracking control with reduced overshoot and faster response time, combining SMC with a PID sliding surface. A fuzzy-optimised controller is presented for fine-tuning PID parameters, leading to a better selection of gain constants for speed control in permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSMs). The dynamic FLC-PID sliding mode controller (DFLC-PID) creates an ideal sliding surface in hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs). This results in an improved DSMC that lowers chattering, improving system robustness and performance.

Keywords: dynamic sliding mode control; DSMC; particle swarm optimisation; PSO; PID controller; electric vehicles; EVs; permanent magnet synchronous motors; PMSM; fuzzy-optimised controller.

DOI: 10.1504/IJPELEC.2026.150273

International Journal of Power Electronics, 2026 Vol.22 No.1, pp.67 - 86

Received: 05 Aug 2024
Accepted: 05 Jan 2025
Published online: 06 Dec 2025 *

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