Title: Some properties of bipolar complex neutrosophic graph

Authors: Hossein Rashmanlou; Muhammad Shoaib; M.A. Malik; Yahya Talebi; Ali Asghar Talebi

Addresses: School of Physics, Damghan University, Damghan, Iran ' Department of Mathematics, University of the Punjab, New Campus, Lahore, Pakistan ' Department of Mathematics, University of the Punjab, New Campus, Lahore, Pakistan ' Department of Mathematics, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran ' Department of Mathematics, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran

Abstract: A bipolar complex neutrosophic model is useful in field of mathematics which gives more precision, comparability and flexibility to the system as compared to the complex intuitionistic fuzzy model and complex neutrosophic model. In these years, a mathematical approach is a generalised approach of blending different aspects. According to the above mathematical approach, we introduce strong techniques which are properties of bipolar complex neutrosophic graph. We prove that a bipolar complex neutrosophic graph is a generalisation of the complex neutrosophic graph. In this paper, our important aim of the study is to apply some properties namely Cartesian products, composition, strong product, semi-strong product and direct product of bipolar complex neutrosophic graph with examples.

Keywords: Cartesian products; composition; strong product; semi strong product; direct product.

DOI: 10.1504/IJAIP.2025.149748

International Journal of Advanced Intelligence Paradigms, 2025 Vol.30 No.5, pp.450 - 471

Received: 20 Feb 2019
Accepted: 10 May 2019
Published online: 12 Nov 2025 *

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