Title: Handwritten north Indian script recognition using machine learning: a survey

Authors: Reya Sharma; Baijnath Kaushik; Naveen Kumar Gondhi

Addresses: Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Shri Mata Vaishno Devi University, Katra, 182320, J&K, India ' Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Shri Mata Vaishno Devi University, Katra, 182320, J&K, India ' Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Shri Mata Vaishno Devi University, Katra, 182320, J&K, India

Abstract: The handwritten script recognition is an interesting and significant area of research due to the existence of wide variety of challenges in handwritten Indian scripts. Intensive research work is available on the recognition of scripts like Chinese, Roman, Arabic and Japanese. But the research work done on Indian scripts is still at its infancy, therefore in this paper a review has been presented on the recognition of various handwritten North Indian scripts. Variety of techniques associated with feature extraction and classification of handwritten North Indian scripts are precisely discussed in this work. An attempt has been made with this survey to address and highlight significant results obtained so far in this field and these results are represented in tabular form so as to provide a clear idea by looking the data at once. This survey also provides beneficial future directions for research in handwritten North Indian scripts by analysing the existing difficulties and steps needed for the development of North Indian scripts OCR.

Keywords: handwritten North Indian scripts; OCR; Devanagari; Bangla; Gurmukhi.

DOI: 10.1504/IJAIP.2025.149744

International Journal of Advanced Intelligence Paradigms, 2025 Vol.30 No.5, pp.379 - 395

Received: 21 Feb 2018
Accepted: 11 Mar 2019
Published online: 12 Nov 2025 *

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