Title: Commercial technological advancements in warfare: ethical and strategic challenges

Authors: Abdul Haris Nadeemi; Laurent Vilaine; Rajni Bala; Fatehman Kaur

Addresses: University School of Applied Management, Punjabi University Patiala, Punjab, India ' ESDES Business School, Catholic University of Lyon, France ' Chandigarh School of Business, Chandigarh Group of Colleges Jhanjeri, Mohali, Punjab, India ' Department of Management Studies, Mata Gujri College, Fatehgarh Sahib, Punjab, India

Abstract: The aim of the study is to examine how technologies such as AI, drones, cyber warfare, and automation are transforming modern warfare. These technologies have revolutionised military operations, improving precision, speed, and protecting the military. The use of AI and autonomous weapons, together, raises questions about responsibility and the danger of negative consequences, which may reduce soldiers' sense of the general rationalisation of the things they do. This research relies on a literature review method using the vast collection of academic papers, case studies, and reports on recent military technology. Synthesising available information, the research reveals key technological advancements, their ethical implications, and their psychological impact. It is crucial to acknowledge the need for ethical revisions, the formulation of legal frameworks to guide the use of these technologies. The study suggests several actions for overcoming these challenges relevance to ethical and environmentally viable technology deployment during war and international collaboration to counter cyber threats.

Keywords: artificial intelligence; AI; cyber warfare; drones; autonomous systems; military technology.

DOI: 10.1504/IJTTC.2025.149737

International Journal of Technology Transfer and Commercialisation, 2025 Vol.21 No.4, pp.362 - 379

Received: 16 Jun 2025
Accepted: 09 Aug 2025
Published online: 11 Nov 2025 *

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