Title: Physical hazards analysis in US meat and poultry recalls products

Authors: Mohd Taufiq Mohd Khairi; Sallehuddin Ibrahim; Mohd Amri Md Yunus

Addresses: School of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia ' School of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia ' School of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia

Abstract: This study analyses the food recalls caused by physical hazards among meat and poultry products using dataset obtained from the US Department of Agriculture (USDA) Food Safety and Inspection Service (FSIS). The data was collected between 2014 and 2019. The global Chi-square test was used to investigate the association between topic categories. The chi-square per cell test also was utilised to enable a deeper analysis of the contingency table. Poultry products recorded the highest number of recalls with 39 cases, followed by beef and pork with 38 and 26 cases, respectively. Concerning foreign bodies, plastic fragments were the most detected objects with 42 cases, followed by metal and unknown objects with 29 and 11 cases, respectively. The ways on how to manage the physical hazards such as precautionary measures plan and detection technologies are also discussed in this paper.

Keywords: food recall; food safety; foreign object.

DOI: 10.1504/IJFSNPH.2025.149639

International Journal of Food Safety, Nutrition and Public Health, 2025 Vol.6 No.4, pp.185 - 195

Received: 19 Feb 2020
Accepted: 19 Jan 2021
Published online: 10 Nov 2025 *

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