Article: Methods of realising grid frequency modulation by using adiabatic electromagnetic compressed-air energy storage Journal: International Journal of Energy Technology and Policy (IJETP) 2025 Vol.20 No.6 pp.90 - 118 Abstract: To address the issue of increased frequency fluctuations in the power grid following the integration of a high proportion of renewable energy sources, this paper develops a frequency regulation (FM) control model for an adiabatic electromagnetic compressed air energy storage system (CAES). Simulation results show that when the disturbance intensity is 0.02 p.u., for strategy 1, the frequency deviation (FD) of the proposed method is ±0.011 p.u., with a response time of only 0.477 seconds; for strategy 2, the frequency modulation (FM) accuracy of the proposed method is ±0.031 p.u., with a response time of 0.79 seconds. The research results show that an adiabatic electromagnetic compressed air energy storage system can effectively improve the frequency regulation accuracy and response speed of the power grid, providing a stable and efficient frequency regulation method for power grids with a high penetration of renewable energy sources. Inderscience Publishers - linking academia, business and industry through research

Title: Methods of realising grid frequency modulation by using adiabatic electromagnetic compressed-air energy storage

Authors: Liudong Zhang; Bo Wang; Yanliu Li; Xinying Zhu; Zhizhu Qu; Haoyu Zhong

Addresses: State Grid Jiangsu Electric Power Co., Ltd., Nanjing 210000, Jiangsu, China ' Lianyungang Power Supply Company, State Grid Jiangsu Electric Power Co., Ltd., Lianyungang 222000, Jiangsu, China ' State Grid Jiangsu Electric Power Co., Ltd., Nanjing 210000, Jiangsu, China ' Lianyungang Power Supply Company, State Grid Jiangsu Electric Power Co., Ltd., Lianyungang 222000, Jiangsu, China ' School of Electrical and Automation Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, China ' Lianyungang Power Supply Company, State Grid Jiangsu Electric Power Co., Ltd., Lianyungang 222000, Jiangsu, China

Abstract: To address the issue of increased frequency fluctuations in the power grid following the integration of a high proportion of renewable energy sources, this paper develops a frequency regulation (FM) control model for an adiabatic electromagnetic compressed air energy storage system (CAES). Simulation results show that when the disturbance intensity is 0.02 p.u., for strategy 1, the frequency deviation (FD) of the proposed method is ±0.011 p.u., with a response time of only 0.477 seconds; for strategy 2, the frequency modulation (FM) accuracy of the proposed method is ±0.031 p.u., with a response time of 0.79 seconds. The research results show that an adiabatic electromagnetic compressed air energy storage system can effectively improve the frequency regulation accuracy and response speed of the power grid, providing a stable and efficient frequency regulation method for power grids with a high penetration of renewable energy sources.

Keywords: grid frequency modulation; frequency control strategy; adiabatic electromagnetic compressed-air energy storage; frequency stability; energy storage and release optimisation; short-time Fourier transform; STFT.

DOI: 10.1504/IJETP.2025.149455

International Journal of Energy Technology and Policy, 2025 Vol.20 No.6, pp.90 - 118

Received: 29 Apr 2025
Accepted: 19 Aug 2025
Published online: 31 Oct 2025 *

Title: Methods of realising grid frequency modulation by using adiabatic electromagnetic compressed-air energy storage

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