Article: Inventory model for non-instantaneous deteriorating items with dynamic demand, hybrid payment and partial backlogging under the COVID-19 pandemic Journal: International Journal of Procurement Management (IJPM) 2025 Vol.24 No.3 pp.386 - 415 Abstract: The COVID-19 pandemic has profoundly impacted global supply chains, causing disruptions in production, customer performance, lead times, and finances across various industries such as healthcare, food, fast-moving consumer goods, and automotive. This article explores recovery objectives in the context of COVID-19 and presents a hybrid payment inventory model for non-instantaneous deteriorating items. The proposed hybrid payment scheme, which consists n number of prepayments along with delays in payments, facilitates customers during and after the COVID situation. This model is one of the very few that provides guidelines for the planning of replenishment policies when demand fluctuates in the context of a pandemic and is based on price and time. The disrupted supply shortage is discussed in the model, which is partially backlogged later. Here, various decision-making findings are illustrated with numerical examples to validate the model. Sensitivity analysis is given to provide managerial insights for better management during pandemic situations. Inderscience Publishers - linking academia, business and industry through research

Title: Inventory model for non-instantaneous deteriorating items with dynamic demand, hybrid payment and partial backlogging under the COVID-19 pandemic

Authors: Monika Rani; Vikas Tiwari; Sachin Kumar; Vipin Kumar

Addresses: Department of Mathematics, AKTU, Lucknow, UP, India ' Department of Applied Sciences, Rajkiya Engineering College, Sonbhadra, UP, India ' Department of Applied Sciences, KIET Group of Institutions Delhi – NCR, Ghaziabad, UP, India ' Department of Mathematics, B.K. Birla Institute of Engineering and Technology, Pilani, Raj, India

Abstract: The COVID-19 pandemic has profoundly impacted global supply chains, causing disruptions in production, customer performance, lead times, and finances across various industries such as healthcare, food, fast-moving consumer goods, and automotive. This article explores recovery objectives in the context of COVID-19 and presents a hybrid payment inventory model for non-instantaneous deteriorating items. The proposed hybrid payment scheme, which consists n number of prepayments along with delays in payments, facilitates customers during and after the COVID situation. This model is one of the very few that provides guidelines for the planning of replenishment policies when demand fluctuates in the context of a pandemic and is based on price and time. The disrupted supply shortage is discussed in the model, which is partially backlogged later. Here, various decision-making findings are illustrated with numerical examples to validate the model. Sensitivity analysis is given to provide managerial insights for better management during pandemic situations.

Keywords: post-COVID-19 recovery; non-instantaneous deteriorating items; hybrid payment; time and price sensitive demand; partial backlogging.

DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2025.149403

International Journal of Procurement Management, 2025 Vol.24 No.3, pp.386 - 415

Received: 25 Jul 2024
Accepted: 10 Aug 2024
Published online: 29 Oct 2025 *

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Title: Inventory model for non-instantaneous deteriorating items with dynamic demand, hybrid payment and partial backlogging under the COVID-19 pandemic

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