Title: Bond graph modelling of fuel cell and engine hybrid electric scooters

Authors: Y.H. Hung, C.W. Hong

Addresses: Department of Power Mechanical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan. ' Department of Power Mechanical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan

Abstract: This paper presents the modelling technique and dynamic simulation results of fuel cell and engine Hybrid Electric Scooters (HES) using the bond graph approach. The first example is on a fuel cell-battery hybrid scooter, in which the zero pollution fuel cell is the major powerplant, also acts as the battery charger. The second case study is on a typical engine-motor-regenerator-battery HES. It mainly consists of a brush-less direct current motor/regenerator and a 4-stroke direct injection spark ignition engine. They are interconnected in parallel by a continuously variable transmission. Detailed differential equation sets as well as simulation results are presented. A fuzzy auto-pilot control rule was employed to simulate the vehicle performance under typical driving pattern conditions.

Keywords: hybrid electric scooters; HES; fuel cells; bond graph modelling; simulation; fuzzy control; auto-pilot control; vehicle performance; vehicle design.

DOI: 10.1504/IJVD.2007.014918

International Journal of Vehicle Design, 2007 Vol.45 No.4, pp.522 - 541

Published online: 17 Aug 2007 *

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