Title: Exergy and entransy performance analysis of an unmodified 4-stroke CI engine fuelled with CuO, Gr and Al₂O₃ nano-catalyst-diesel blend at different engine speed

Authors: Prabhat Patel

Addresses: Medicaps University, A.B. Road, Pigadamber, Indore, M.P., India

Abstract: This study evaluates diesel engine performance and fuel economy with copper oxide (CuO), graphene (Gr) and aluminium oxide (Al₂O₃) nanoparticles. Exergy and entransy analyses examined a diesel engine energy output with Al₂O₃, CuO and Gr) nanoparticle blends at five different concentrations. At full load, engine speed varied between 1,500-2,500 rpm. Nanoparticles (5 mg/l, 44 mg/l, 102 mg/l, 160 mg/l, 200 mg/l) in diesel blends enhanced brake thermal efficiency by 12.35%, exergy efficiency by 7.5%, and entransy efficiency by 18.5%. Additionally, brake specific fuel consumption decreased by 11%, entropy generation by 5.5%, exergy destruction by 7.5% and entransy destruction by 18.5%. At 2,100 rpm, the Gr based diesel with 160 mg/l nanocatalyst achieved maximum energy efficiency among all diesel nanocatalyst blends.

Keywords: exergy; entransy; engine performance; nanoparticles; nanodiesel.

DOI: 10.1504/IJEX.2025.148554

International Journal of Exergy, 2025 Vol.48 No.1, pp.1 - 15

Received: 14 Jan 2025
Accepted: 27 Mar 2025
Published online: 11 Sep 2025 *

Full-text access for editors Full-text access for subscribers Purchase this article Comment on this article