Title: Advanced vector control for PMBLDC motors in light electric vehicles: performance comparison with conventional FOC

Authors: Majhrul Israr; Paulson Samuel

Addresses: Department of Electrical Engineering, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad, Prayagraj, India ' Department of Electrical Engineering, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad, Prayagraj, India

Abstract: BLDC motors are gaining in popularity in lightweight EVs like two and three-wheelers in India due to their durability, reliability, and high starting torque. However, electromagnetic torque ripple remains a significant challenge. Reducing this ripple can be achieved by optimising and injecting currents with appropriate harmonic components into the motor windings. This paper presents a simplified vector control strategy using single IP speed controller and a hysteresis current controller to minimise torque ripple, achieve maximum torque-per-current ratio (MTPA), and enhance speed response. The speed controller gains KP and Ki are optimised using particle swarm optimisation (PSO) for improved steady-state and dynamic performance. A comparative analysis with the conventional three-PI controller-based field-oriented control (FOC) method is conducted. The Indian drive cycle (IDC) has been taken as a reference input for speed tracking performances. The proposed controller effectiveness in reducing torque ripple and enhancing speed tracking is validated through MATLAB/Simulink simulations.

Keywords: hysteresis current controller; HCC; IP controller; light electric vehicle; permanent magnet brushless dc motor; PMBLDCM; vector control.

DOI: 10.1504/IJPELEC.2025.148286

International Journal of Power Electronics, 2025 Vol.21 No.5, pp.520 - 542

Received: 15 Nov 2024
Accepted: 07 Mar 2025
Published online: 01 Sep 2025 *

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