Title: Trade-related international support measures withdrawn from Bangladesh: least developed country graduation perspective

Authors: Roksana Khan

Addresses: Bangladesh Institute of Governance and Management (BIGM), E-33, Sher-E-Bangla Nagar, Agargaon, Dhaka, 1207, Bangladesh

Abstract: After least developed country (LDC) graduation, Bangladesh will loss international support measures (ISMs), specially, DFQF, Rules of Origin, TRIPS transition and waiver and GSPs. In consequence, export and tariff might be affected severely. However, for Bangladesh an integrated policy approach is yet to be established to mitigate trade related ISMs only. Qualitative analysis specially, content analysis with the tools of stakeholder mapping, SWOT and causal relationship have been conducted. In addition, Risk Mitigation and Multi Criteria analysis have also been applied. Through analysis, best policy option derived as 'sustainable strategic plan for trade related ISMs loss' which would be able to cover losses of preferential market access, S&DT provision of WTO and interconnecting issues of all trade related ISMs. The paper also added value with recommendation of establishing LDC Graduation Cell under the direct supervision of the Prime Minister's Office for implementation and coordination of the LDC graduation plan.

Keywords: LDC graduation; trade related ISMs; mitigate adversity; international trade; policy option; strategic plan; policy tools; policy formulation; implementation plan; evaluation and monitoring; LDC cell.

DOI: 10.1504/IJTGM.2025.148048

International Journal of Trade and Global Markets, 2025 Vol.21 No.3, pp.297 - 318

Received: 05 Jan 2024
Accepted: 10 Jan 2025
Published online: 15 Aug 2025 *

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