Title: Design of effective non-orthogonal multiple access system by maximising spectral and energy efficiency using hybrid heuristic optimisation approach

Authors: R. Prameela Devi; N. Prabakaran

Addresses: Department of ECE, CVR College of Engineering, Hyderabad, Telangana, India; Department of ECE, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Vaddeswaram, Andhra Pradesh, India ' Department of ECE, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Vaddeswaram, Andhra Pradesh, India

Abstract: In order to optimally allocate power among EE-SE, NOMA requires more computational time and transmission signals. The hybrid heuristic-based multi-objective function model is a prop to maximise such efficiencies in the NOMA systems. The major aspect of this novel approach is increasing the energy efficiency (EE) and spectral efficiency (SE) without any degradation or loss of information. Over the NOMA system, factors like beam forming vectors optimised the time and power allocation using the newly designed hybrid algorithm hybrid black widow and rat swarm optimiser (HBWRSO) for maximising efficiency. Further, the proposed algorithm is employed to derive the fitness function with the help of three constraints: SE, EE, and outage probability. Lastly, the system's efficacy is examined, and the corresponding results are carried out. Therefore, the findings reveal that it has maximised the SE and EE compared to baseline methodologies.

Keywords: non-orthogonal multiple accesses; spectral efficiency; energy efficiency; hybrid black widow and rat swarm optimiser; RSO; beam forming vector; time allocation; power allocation.

DOI: 10.1504/IJMC.2025.148003

International Journal of Mobile Communications, 2025 Vol.26 No.2, pp.189 - 213

Received: 07 Jun 2023
Accepted: 18 Jun 2024
Published online: 13 Aug 2025 *

Full-text access for editors Full-text access for subscribers Purchase this article Comment on this article