Title: Development of an immunosensor based on the screen-printed gold electrodes for bovine serum albumin detection

Authors: Chi Tran Nhu; Linh Huynh Thi Thuy; Viet Nguyen Canh; Loc Do Quang; Tuan Vu Quoc; Ha Tran Thi Thuy; Trung Vu Ngoc; Chun-Ping Jen; Trinh Chu Duc; Tung Bui Thanh; Phu Nguyen Dang

Addresses: Faculty of Electronics and Telecommunications, University of Engineering and Technology, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, 100000, Vietnam ' Faculty of Electronics and Telecommunications, University of Engineering and Technology, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, 100000, Vietnam; School of Engineering and Technology, Hue University, Hue, 530000, Vietnam ' Faculty of Physics, University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, 100000, Vietnam ' Faculty of Physics, University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, 100000, Vietnam ' Faculty of Electronics and Telecommunications, University of Engineering and Technology, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, 100000, Vietnam ' Faculty of Electronic Engineering, Posts and Telecommunications Institute of Technology, Hanoi, 100000, Vietnam ' Hanoi University of Public Health, Hanoi, 100000, Vietnam ' Department of Mechanical Engineering and Advanced Institute of Manufacturing for High-Tech Innovations, National Chung Cheng University, Chia-Yi, 62102, Taiwan; School of Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan ' Faculty of Electronics and Telecommunications, University of Engineering and Technology, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, 100000, Vietnam ' Faculty of Electronics and Telecommunications, University of Engineering and Technology, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, 100000, Vietnam ' Faculty of Electronics and Telecommunications, University of Engineering and Technology, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, 100000, Vietnam

Abstract: In this report, a gold surface-modified screen-printed electrode has been successfully synthesised to immobilise anti-bovine serum albumin (BSA) (anti-BSA) and detect BSA through specific bonds between antigen and antibody. The detection and quantification were investigated via both electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and cyclic voltammetry (CV). The fluorescent results demonstrate that BSA-fluorescein isothiocyanate conjugate was kept on the gold electrode surface as observed through the microscope. In contrast, the control electrode was implemented without the step of self-assembled monolayer incubation, the fluorescent signal did not appear on the electrode surface. The standard concentrations of BSA ranging from 0.1 μM to 5 μM were employed to determine the function between CV, EIS measurement parameters and BSA concentration. The experimental results show that the BSA concentration was inversely proportional to the reduction peak of the CV signal according to the formula reduction peak = -0.209ln[BSA] + 2.9144 (R² = 0.9123). In contrast, the BSA concentration was proportional to the charge transfer resistance (R_ct) of the EIS signal according to the formula R_ct = 14.864[BSA] + 75.417 (R² = 0.8544). The limit of detection of the proposed sensor was calculated to be approximately 0.03 μM. The results demonstrated the proposed immunosensor's performance for BSA detection and laid a good foundation for research in protein detection and biosensor development.

Keywords: protein detection; BSA; bovine serum albumin; screen-printed gold electrode; cyclic voltammetry; EIS; electrochemical impedance spectroscopy.

DOI: 10.1504/IJNT.2024.146474

International Journal of Nanotechnology, 2024 Vol.21 No.7/8/9/10/11/12, pp.777 - 791

Published online: 30 May 2025 *

Full-text access for editors Full-text access for subscribers Purchase this article Comment on this article