Title: Methods, developments and inspections in mine shaft sinking - a review

Authors: Wojciech Rutkowski

Addresses: AGH University of Krakow, Kraków, Poland

Abstract: This review article examines various methods for shaft sinking, presenting a range of possibilities for developing vertical mine openings. It describes different mechanical rock-breaking methods as well as drill and blast techniques. Additionally, it covers aspects of innovative shaft sinking technologies in the Polish Copper industry. Drawing from KGHM Polish Copper's experience, the article discusses types of mine shaft linings, including tubing lining with the freezing method, concrete or reinforced concrete lining, and final equipment such as rail and line guides. The review also addresses maintenance issues related to shaft sinking methods, mentioning challenges like the rheological properties of rock salt in the SW-4 mine shaft. Given the critical importance of safety in the mining industry, a significant portion of this review emphasises inspections and measurements in mine shafts. The article also describes both innovative and established solutions that enhance safety in mining, such as laser scanning and photogrammetry in mine shafts, as well as unmanned vehicles in underground mining operations.

Keywords: mineshaft sinking; underground mining; safety inspections; measurement.

DOI: 10.1504/IJMME.2025.145585

International Journal of Mining and Mineral Engineering, 2025 Vol.16 No.1, pp.21 - 60

Received: 29 Jul 2024
Accepted: 07 Nov 2024
Published online: 08 Apr 2025 *

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