Title: A novel human-centric framework for maintenance digitisation using augmented reality

Authors: Lorenzo Valentini; Fabio Grandi; Margherita Peruzzini; Marcello Pellicciari

Addresses: Department of Engineering "Enzo Ferrari", University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, via Vivarelli 10, 41125 Modena, Italy ' Department of Sciences and Methods for Engineering, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, via Amendola 2, 42122 Reggio Emilia, Italy ' Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Bologna, viale Risorgimento 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy ' Department of Sciences and Methods for Engineering, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, via Amendola 2, 42122 Reggio Emilia, Italy

Abstract: Maintenance operators usually face complex challenges due to the complexity of modern sophisticated machinery and systems. Only highly experienced operators may have sufficient skills to perform recovery procedures properly and quickly; frequently, not expert operators need for assistance from the manufacturer's after-sales. Therefore, very long recovery times, high maintenance costs, and temporary drop in production take place. In this context, augmented reality (AR) can offer valid support to non-expert operators involved in maintenance activities. In this work, a framework based on user experience (UX) design approach was developed for designing highly usable AR applications to guide operators in performing maintenance procedures safely and efficiently. The proposed framework has been applied to the H2020 European project titled "XMANAI - Explainable Manufacturing Artificial Intelligence". Results showed that the application developed is suitable to assist not expert operators, preventing them from making mistakes, leading to the upskill and increased productivity for the company.

Keywords: augmented reality; Operator 4.0; Industry 5.0; user experience design; transdisciplinary engineering.

DOI: 10.1504/IJASM.2025.145449

International Journal of Agile Systems and Management, 2025 Vol.18 No.2, pp.239 - 260

Received: 12 Dec 2023
Accepted: 18 Mar 2024
Published online: 01 Apr 2025 *

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