Title: Psychometric assessment of the Persian version of the future time perspective questionnaire in college students

Authors: Forough Jafari; Seyedehdorsa Siadati; Fatemeh Bahrami

Addresses: Department of Psychology, Islamic Azad University, Islamshahr Branch, Islamshahr, 67653-33147, Iran ' Department of Counselling, Alzahra University, Tehran, 19938-91176, Iran ' Department of Counselling, Islamic Azad University, Arak Branch, 38361-19131, Iran

Abstract: This study aimed to validate the Persian version of the future time perspective (FTP) Questionnaire, a factor impacting psychological well-being, for use in Iranian society. 367 randomly selected students (20-30 years old) from Tehran universities participated. The questionnaire by Brothers, Chiu, and Diehl (2014), with 12 questions and three subscales, was employed alongside the Hope scale by Snyder et al. (1991). Exploratory factor analysis revealed three subscales: opportunities, limitations, and ambiguities, explaining 61.18% of the variance. Cronbach's alpha for the components was 0.80, 0.77, and 0.82, indicating internal consistency. Confirmatory factor analysis affirmed model fit. Convergent validity displayed a significant correlation between FTP and the Hope scale. Results suggest the Persian FTP questionnaire's validity and reliability for psychological interventions and studies among Iranian college students.

Keywords: FTP; future time perspective; opportunities; limitations; ambiguities; psychometrics.

DOI: 10.1504/IJHD.2025.144967

International Journal of Happiness and Development, 2025 Vol.9 No.1, pp.63 - 77

Received: 05 Sep 2023
Accepted: 10 Jan 2024
Published online: 14 Mar 2025 *