Title: Ethical perceptions and attitudes of doing business in the Middle East: an empirical study of Palestine

Authors: Sonia Ammar; Jet Mboga

Addresses: Bloomsburg University of Pennsylvania, 400 E 2nd St., Bloomsburg, PA 17815, USA ' Bloomsburg University, Commonwealth University of Pennsylvania, 400 E 2nd St., Bloomsburg, PA 17815, USA

Abstract: The purpose of this study is to address the perception that business dealings with Middle Eastern nations lack ethical conduct. A research data sample of 200 was obtained from managers, employees, and college students from two major cities in the West Bank area, Ramallah and Nablus in Palestine. The results reveal that gender, ethical education, and ethics training at work among Palestinians did not have a significant PBES. Still, there was enough evidence to conclude that the number of years working significantly affected PBES. The findings provide foreign executives, their employees' familiarity, and scholars with national culture within business dealings a competitive advantage. The insights of this study will contribute to upcoming research on ethics and attitudes and foreign managers towards ethics in Palestine and Middle Eastern nations.

Keywords: Palestine; ethics; Middle East; multinational corporations; MNCs; business culture.

DOI: 10.1504/IJBGE.2025.144772

International Journal of Business Governance and Ethics, 2025 Vol.19 No.2, pp.176 - 197

Accepted: 05 Mar 2023
Published online: 03 Mar 2025 *

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