Title: Modelling groundwater dynamic for zone budgeting using MODFLOW: a case study of Haryana state, India

Authors: Neelam; Ravish Kumar Rathee; Sudipta K. Mishra

Addresses: Civil Engineering Department, G D Goenka University, Gurugram-122103, Haryana, India ' Civil Engineering Department, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak-124001, Haryana, India ' Civil Engineering Department, G D Goenka University, Gurugram-122103, Haryana, India

Abstract: The present study thoroughly examines and models the movement of groundwater in a specific area, focusing on Karnal District, India. Groundwater is a crucial resource, especially where surface water is scarce, and managing it sustainably is essential. The research utilises MODFLOW (Visual MODFLOW Flex 16.1) software to simulate groundwater behaviour over six years, considering different time periods that reveal various aspects of groundwater dynamics. The study meticulously includes specific details about the ground, such as how much water it can hold, how water moves through it, recharge rates, and annual rainfall. To ensure accuracy, the model's output is carefully compared with real-world data through calibration and validation process. The results highlight challenges linked to decreasing groundwater levels and stress the importance of sustainable management practices. Overall, the study's findings provide valuable insights into the intricate dynamics of groundwater resources in Karnal District, offering implications for sustainable water resource management.

Keywords: groundwater; hydrology; MODFLOW; water budgeting; simulation; calibration; validation; zone budgeting; exploitation; recharge.

DOI: 10.1504/IJW.2024.144668

International Journal of Water, 2024 Vol.16 No.3, pp.179 - 208

Received: 08 May 2024
Accepted: 19 Jun 2024
Published online: 26 Feb 2025 *

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