Title: A comprehensive systematic review of progressive applications of LoRa and LoRaWAN networks in the internet of things

Authors: Jitendra Pramanik; Singam Jayanthu; Abhaya Kumar Samal; Bijay Kumar Paikaray

Addresses: Department of Mining Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha, India ' Department of Mining Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha, India ' Department of CSE, Trident Academy of Technology, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India ' Centre for Data Science, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India

Abstract: The internet of things (IoT) is a fast-expanding trend that combines cutting-edge communication technologies to transform commonplace objects into intelligent, networked gadgets. This movement is rapidly expanding. This paves the way for developing intelligent processes with applications across industries like monitoring and optimisation. LoRa has been promoted as a potential choice for the backbone of the internet of things due to its long range, low power consumption and low bit rate. Using LoRa over a single wireless hop, messages are transmitted from end devices to a central network server via gateways connected to the internet, which act as transparent bridges. This article provides in-depth information about LoRa networks and the technology's specifications. It also discusses the magnitude of projected growth trends and the challenges inherent in deploying LoRa-based networks. In addition, the paper is coupled with perceptive remarks and thought-provoking suggestions for future research endeavours. The study was conducted to encourage more research towards expanding the LoRa network and make it suitable for a more widespread deployment.

Keywords: LoRa; long range wide area network; LoRaWAN; internet of things; IoT.

DOI: 10.1504/IJIMS.2025.144349

International Journal of Internet Manufacturing and Services, 2025 Vol.11 No.1, pp.1 - 22

Received: 26 Oct 2023
Accepted: 24 Nov 2023
Published online: 10 Feb 2025 *