Title: Congestion aware optimal routing path selection using hybrid meta heuristic algorithms in sparse wireless sensor networks

Authors: G. Mohan Ram; E. Ilavarasan

Addresses: Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Puducherry Technological University, Puducherry, 605014, India ' Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Puducherry Technological University, Puducherry, 605014, India

Abstract: A novel energy-efficient clustering-based congestion-awareness routing mechanism has been developed for wireless sensor network (WSN). In the first stage, some set of sensor nodes are initialised in the WSN environment. The cluster is formed from the group of nodes by the advanced k-means clustering (A-KDC) model. The cluster head (CH) is selected based on some of the objective functions like distance, energy and so on using an exaggerated manta ray optimization algorithm (EXMro). The optimal routing selection has been formed to transmit the packet from source to destination. The packets are transferred from the CHs to the base station using hybrid Multi-objective May Honey Badger optimisation (MHB), which selects the optimal path without congestion. The performance of the proposed approach is examined using the NS2 platform. The proposed approach has an average throughput of 99.06% and an average packet delivery ratio (PDR) of 98.45%, indicating higher efficiency than other existing systems.

Keywords: K-means clustering; manta ray optimisation; MHB; May Honey Badger optimisation; optimal routing strategy; packet delivery ratio; energy consumption.

DOI: 10.1504/IJMNDI.2024.144004

International Journal of Mobile Network Design and Innovation, 2024 Vol.11 No.2, pp.59 - 75

Received: 28 Feb 2024
Accepted: 09 Jun 2024
Published online: 20 Jan 2025 *

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