Title: Statistics of sustainable development evolution in Colombia

Authors: Fabio Bermejo Altamar; Luis E. Ramirez-Polo; Norberto Acuña Molina

Addresses: Department of Industrial Engineering, Universidad Autónoma del Caribe, Calle 90 # 46-112, Barranquilla, Colombia ' Department of Industrial Engineering, Universidad Autónoma del Caribe, Calle 90 # 46-112, Barranquilla, Colombia ' Department of Industrial Engineering, Universidad Autónoma del Caribe, Calle 90 # 46-112, Barranquilla, Colombia

Abstract: Sustainable development is a key focus of government programs at all levels worldwide. Colombia has embraced this trend, implementing various initiatives. This article reviews Colombia's progress in sustainable development, using indicators like ecological footprint, biocapacity, Human Development Index (HDI), and energy data. The analysis shows that while Colombia's HDI has increased, so has its ecological footprint (1.6 hectares per capita), indicating that if everyone lived like Colombians, we would need 1.25 Earths. However, energy intensity and emissions have decreased. Long-term policies aim to diversify the energy mix with non-conventional renewable sources, focusing on environmental management, energy efficiency, service coverage and regional integration.

Keywords: sustainable development; human development index; ecological footprint; energy intensity.

DOI: 10.1504/WREMSD.2025.143637

World Review of Entrepreneurship, Management and Sustainable Development, 2025 Vol.21 No.1, pp.20 - 36

Received: 05 May 2022
Received in revised form: 08 Jun 2022
Accepted: 13 Oct 2022
Published online: 03 Jan 2025 *

Full-text access for editors Full-text access for subscribers Purchase this article Comment on this article